R-VALUE

R-VALUE
A value that is used to measure how well a
specific type of insulation can resist heat flow.
R-VALUE
The higher the R-value, the better the
insulation and the more energy you will
save. An R-value only applies to specific
materials, not to systems.
R-VALUE
The R-value depends on the type of insulation,
its thickness, and its density. The R-value of
some insulations also depends on
temperature, aging, and moisture
accumulation.
R-VALUE
When calculating the R-value of a multilayered
installation, add the R-values of the individual
layers.
R-VALUE
For instance if you have a material with an R-
Value of 12 attached to another material with
an R-value of 3, then both materials combined
have an R-value of 15
U-VALUE
U-VALUE
The U-value is the heat transfer coefficient
which simply means that is a measure of an
assembly’s capacity to transfer thermal energy
across its thickness
U-VALUE
The U-value of an assembly is the reciprocal of
the total R-value
U-VALUE CALCULATION
R-VALUE RECOMMENDATIONS
In the tropics, it is generally recommended to
have a minimum of:
•R-2.5 insulation in naturally ventilated house
ceilings and;
•R-3.5 insulation in ceilings and walls of air
conditioned houses.
R-VALUE OF MATERIALS
 PASSIVE DESIGN
CONSIDERATIONS
• ORIENTATION
• VENTILATION
• LANDSCAPING
• THERMAL MASS
• INSULATION
• WINDOWS & SHADING
• NATURAL LIGHTING
WINDOWS
Windows are important way to encourage and
direct air flow into a building.
WINDOWS
Louvers and casement style windows allow
building users to control how much natural air
enters the building.
WINDOWS
Well-placed louvers or
windows at floor level
and at the highest point
of the room, create
convection air flow which
draws air into the building
and creates breezes to
cool
WINDOWS
In tropical climate, windows should ideally be
shaded from direct sunlight all year round and
should open to allow air flow.
WINDOWS
Where effective shading cannot be achieved,
insulating windows against heat transfer can
reduce cooling costs.
IDEAL GLASS TYPE
FOR WINDOWS
TINTED GLASS
Refers to any glass that
has been treated with a
material such as a film or
coating, which reduces
the transmission of light
through it.
TINTED GLASS
Glass can be tinted with
various types of coating,
which block and/or
reflect different amounts
and types of light,
according to the needs
and preferences of the
consumer.
TINTED GLASS
It is also used in
commercial buildings to
keep the inside cooler, and
it has the added benefit of
giving the outside of a
building a more uniform,
aesthetically pleasing
appearance.
SAMPLE BUILDING USING TINTED GLASS
TINTED GLASS ALSO PROVIDE PRIVACY TO THE USERS INSIDE THE BUILDING
REFLECTIVE
COATINGS
Reflective coatings are
thin films of metal or
metal oxide that are
applied to standard
glass.
REFLECTIVE
COATINGS
They stop greater
amounts of heat gain
than some toned glass.
REFLECTIVE
COATINGS
It is not reflective in the
sense that it acts as a
mirror, although some
products do indeed have a
highly reflective surface,
but rather in the sense
that it reflects radiation
rather than absorbing it.
REFLECTIVE COATINGS
This type of glass is used in environmentally
friendly construction with the goal of reducing
heat gain and loss, making structures much
cheaper to heat and cool over the course of the
year.
HEAT FROM THE OUTSIDE STAYS OUTSIDE, WITH THE RADIATION BEING BOUNCED BACK BY THE GLASS.
REFLECTIVE GLASS HELPS A BUILDING ACHIEVE VISUAL APPEAL BESIDES REFLECTING HEAT
SOLAR SHADING
Solar radiation can be
useful in providing
natural light and heat
for buildings, reducing
the need for artificial
lighting or heating.
SOLAR SHADING
Shading devices shield
windows and other
glazed areas from direct
sunlight in order to
reduce glare and
excessive solar heat gain
in warm weather.
SOLAR SHADING
Solar shading, is a form of solar control that can
be used to optimize the amount of solar heat
gain and visible light that is admitted into a
building.
SOLAR SHADING
This can have a significant impact on the
energy use of a building as well as on the
thermal and visual comfort of occupants,
protecting against overheating and glare on
hot or sunny days. It can also provide privacy.
SOLAR SHADING CAN BE FIXED OR MOVEABLE (DYNAMIC).
FIXED SOLAR SHADING
CAN BE PROVIDED BY:
• Canopies.
• Overhanging eaves or
balconies.
• Trees and other vegetation.
• External louvres or brise
soleil.
• Light shelves.
• Canopies and awnings.
• Solar control glazing.
FIXED SOLAR SHADING
CAN BE PROVIDED BY:
• Canopies.
• Overhanging eaves or
balconies.
• Trees and other vegetation.
• External louvres or brise
soleil.
• Light shelves.
• Canopies and awnings.
• Solar control glazing.
FIXED SOLAR SHADING
CAN BE PROVIDED BY:
• Canopies.
• Overhanging eaves or
balconies.
• Trees and other vegetation.
• External louvres or brise
soleil.
• Light shelves.
• Canopies and awnings.
• Solar control glazing.
FIXED SOLAR SHADING
CAN BE PROVIDED BY:
• Canopies.
• Overhanging eaves or
balconies.
• Trees and other vegetation.
• External louvres or brise
soleil.
• Light shelves.
• Canopies and awnings.
• Solar control glazing.
FIXED SOLAR SHADING
CAN BE PROVIDED BY:
• Canopies.
• Overhanging eaves or
balconies.
• Trees and other vegetation.
• External louvres or brise
soleil.
• Light shelves.
• Canopies and awnings.
• Solar control glazing.
FIXED SOLAR SHADING
CAN BE PROVIDED BY:
• Canopies.
• Overhanging eaves or
balconies.
• Trees and other vegetation.
• External louvres or brise
soleil.
• Light shelves.
• Canopies and awnings.
• Solar control glazing.
FIXED SOLAR SHADING
CAN BE PROVIDED BY:
• Canopies.
• Overhanging eaves or
balconies.
• Trees and other vegetation.
• External louvres or brise
soleil.
• Light shelves.
• Canopies and awnings.
• Solar control glazing.
FIXED SOLAR SHADING
CAN BE PROVIDED BY:
• Canopies.
• Overhanging eaves or
balconies.
• Trees and other vegetation.
• External louvres or brise
soleil.
• Light shelves.
• Canopies and awnings.
• Solar control glazing.
HORIZONTAL
OVERHANGS
These are most
effective when they
have southern
orientation.
HORIZONTAL
LOUVERS
Maybe operated
manually or controlled
automatically with
time or photoelectric
controls to adapt solar
angle
SLANTED
LOUVERS
These type of louvers
provide more
protection than those
parallel to a wall.
Angle varies
according to the
range of solar angles.
LOUVERS
Louvers hung from a
solid overhang
protect against low
sun angles.
Louvers may interfere
with view.
VERTICAL
LOUVERS
Vertical louvers are
most effective for
eastern or western
exposures
VERTICAL
LOUVERS
Louvers may be
operated manually or
controlled
automatically with
time or photoelectric
controls to adapt to
solar angle.
EGGCRATES
Eggcrates combine the
shading characteristics
of horizontal and
vertical louvers and a
high shading ratio
EGGCRATES
Sometimes referred to
as brise-soleil, are
very efficient in hot
climates.
SOLAR BLINDS
Solar blinds and
screens can provide
up to 50% reduction in
solar radiation,
depending on their
reflectivity
 PASSIVE DESIGN
CONSIDERATIONS
• ORIENTATION
• VENTILATION
• LANDSCAPING
• THERMAL MASS
• INSULATION
• WINDOWS & SHADING
• NATURAL LIGHTING
NATURAL LIGHTING
Natural light is light that comes from the sun. It
is contrasted with artificial light, which comes
from light bulbs, fires and other man-made
fixtures used in homes.
NATURAL LIGHTING
Natural lighting is often bright enough to allow
people to avoid turning on artificial lighting
sources during the day, reducing how much
energy a home uses.
NATURAL LIGHTING
While windows are the most common source
of natural lighting, sunroofs or skylights are
sometimes installed in ceilings to allow in
natural light.
WAYS TO MAXIMIZE
NATURAL LIGHT
1. SKYLIGHTS
Skylights can provide
good quality light into
work spaces that are
away from windows.
1. SKYLIGHTS
But they need to be
shaded and glazed to
prevent heat transfer.
Some skylights are also
vented to allow hot air
to escape.
2. ATRIUM/ATRIA
An atrium is a large
open space, often
several stories high
and having glazed roof
and/or large windows.
2. ATRIUM/ATRIA
The benefit of an
atrium is that hot air
can be vented at the
top rather than
accumulating near the
building users.
3. LIGHT SHELVES
A light shelf is an
architectural element
that allows daylight to
penetrate deeper into
a building.
3. LIGHT SHELVES
A light shelf is a
horizontal light-
reflecting overhang
which is placed above
eye-level and has a
high reflectance upper
surface.
4. CLERESTORY
WINDOWS
These are high
vertically placed
windows that are
ideally north facing.
4. CLERESTORY
WINDOWS
Clerestory windows
can be good source of
diffuse light and can
also be useful in
allowing hot air to
leave the building.
5. LIGHT TUBES
Light tubes (also known
as light pipes or tubular
skylights) are physical
structures used for
transmitting or
distributing natural or
artificial light for the
purpose of illumination.
QUIZ
• 1-7 FIXED SOLAR SHADING CAN BE PROVIDED BY:
• 8-12 WAYS TO MAXIMIZE NATURAL LIGHT
• 13-16 kinds of louvers
• 17-19 TYPES OF IDEAL GLASS
• 20 – 25 DIFFERENCE BETWEEN KYLIGHT AND ATRIUM