Grou

p1
Objectives:
1. The student will learn what is the concept of
culture and it`s
relationship towards the society.
2. Also, the students can clearly enumerate,
define, and give examples on
the elements of culture.
3. At the end of the session, the student will be
able to determine the
Culture traits, Complex and Patterns of our
indigenous People in the
Philippines(Maranao , T`boli)
 What is Culture?

“Culture is a complex whole

which includes knowledge,
beliefs, arts, laws, morals,
customs, and other
capabilities and habits acquired
by man as a member of society.”

Edward
Taylor
Types of Culture

The Material The Non- Material Culture

Culture
 Material Culture

Consists of concrete and

tangible objects like tools,
implements, furniture,
books, buildings etc. These
concrete and tangible
objects are man-made.
 Non-material Culture

Consists of intangible and abstract objects, which includes

customs, traditions,
habits, manners, attitude, beliefs, language, literature, reli
gion and etc.
E VALUES
L
E C BELIEFS
M U
E of
NORMS
N
L
T T
S U SYMBOLS
R
E LANGUAGE
 According to (Peter Woresley) British
Sociologist and Anthropologist
“Values are general conception the good, ideas
about the kinds of ends that
people should pursue throughout their lives and
throughout the many activities in which they
engage.”
 Are a cultures standard for discerning what is good
and just in the society.
 Also, it help shapes the society by suggesting
what is good and bad, beautiful and ugly, sought
or avoided.
 It is the abstract conceptions of what is important
and worthwhile.
 Respect
 Helping others
 Debt of gratitude
 Hospitality
 Camaraderie
 Hard work
 Joy and Humor
2.Belie
fs
 Use the term belief refer to the attitude we have ,
roughly , whenever we take
something to be the case or regard it as true
(Eric Schuitzbel) American
Philosopher
 Are the tenants or convictions that people hold to
be true
 Also called as “ Superstitious Belief”
Beli
Examples:

efs Tabi Tabi Po!

 Paaso
 Bayanihan
 Harana (Courtship)
 Paninilbihan (Courtship)
 Healing the Sick (Blaan)
3. Norms
 Are the agreed-upon expectation and rules by
which a culture guides the
behavior of it members in any given situations
 Define how to behave in accordance what
society has defined as good, right and
important and most members of society
adheres to them.
 Varied widely across cultural groups
 Types of Norms
Folkwa
ys Laws
Nor
ms
Mores

Taboo
s
Folkways
 According to Sumner (1906) these are the habits of
the individual and
customs of the society which arise from the
efforts to satisfy needs.
 Customs that are socially approved but do not
have any moral significance
 Not very offensive when violated; Day to day
practices.
Examples:
 Simply waiting in line
 Concept of Appropriate Dress
 Greeting Someone New
 Make a direct eye contact with the
person you are talking with
 Don’t talk when your mouth is full
Mores
(  Mo-rays)
As Edward Sapir has pointed out that the term
“mores” is the best reserved for those customs
which connote fairly strong tailings of the
tightness or
wrongness of the behavior.
 Are well established customs that dictates the
moral conduct of the people in
the society
 When violated typically results in disapproval
Examples:
 Showing Naked to
Church
 Living with
significant others
 Dishonesty
 Sexual
Promiscuity
 Extreme form of
Dress
Tabo
o
 It is a prohibition of certain behavior that is so
strict that violating it, it results in extreme disgust
and even expulsion from the group or society.
 Oftentimes the violator of taboo is considered unfit
to live in that society.
Examples:
 In Moro eating pork
is taboo
 Incest
 Cannibalism
 Abortion
 Adultery
 Murder
 Pregnant Bride
Laws
 They are behaviors worked out and agreed upon
in order to suit and serve the most people.
 Are the most Specific and Clearly stated type of
norm. Specifically, written rules.
Examples:
RA no 8353 “ The Anti-Rape Law of 1997”;
RA no 10175 “ The Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012”
4.Symbols
 Is anything that represent something
else, anything has a meaning
 They provide clues to understanding
experiences by conveying recognizable
meanings that are shared by society
Examples: Company
Logo
Traffic Si
gns
Trophies, Ribbons and
Medals
Language
 Is a symbolic system through which people
communicate and through which culture is
transmitted
 Some languages contain a system of symbols used
for written communication, while others rely on the
only spoken communication and non-verbal actions
Components
of Culture
 Culture
Traits
 Culture
Complex
 Culture
Pattern
ulture traits
Small units or elements of culture traits cannot be
broken into smaller unit. It is related to a particular
need or situation.
Material Non-material

Ball pen Shaking hands

Bottle Saying “po” to the elders
Clothes Kissing on the cheeks as gestures
Foods of affection
Giving seats to ladies
Cultural complex
Is the cluster or combination of traits form to
complex.

Cultural pattern
a specific combination of two or more
complexes is called pattern.

Example:
Religion and etc.
Maranao Example
Thank you!