Comparing Plant and

Animal Cells
 Learning Competency
►Classify different cell types
(plant/animal) and specify the
function(s) of each.
STEM_BIOIa-c-11/4
 Activity 2- Acrostic Poem
► Based on our Performance Task, create an
ACROSTIC POEM on different organelles
found on Animal and Plant Cells. This activity
will allow you to understand the cell
structures and functions.
1. Cell membrane 7. Endoplasmic Reticulum
2. Cell wall 8. Golgi Apparatus
3. Cytoplasm 9. Lysosome
4. Nucleus 10. Vacuole
5. Mitochondria 11. Centriole
6. Ribosome 12. Chloroplast
► Write the acrostic poem on the given paper.
You may draw or design your work.
► At least two members of the group shall
present the acrostic poem in front of the class.
The Parts of the Cell
 1. Cell Membrane

► The thin layer of

protein and fat that
surrounds the cell.
The cell membrane
is semi permeable,
allowing some
substances to pass
into the cell and
blocking others.
The Parts of the Cell
 2. Cell Wall

► Additional
covering on
plant cells
outside the cell
membrane.
► Made of
cellulose
The Parts of the Cell
 3. Cytoplasm

- fluid filled interior of cell

- suspends cell organelles

The Parts of the Cell
4. The Nucleus
Nucleus
-Surrounded by a nuclear envelope with nuclear pores
-Contains the genetic information (DNA) which exists as
chromatin in a non-dividing cell
-Controls all cell activities

Nucleolus
-In the center of the nucleus
-Produces the ribosomes
 Chromosomes
► Eukaryotes (cells with nuclei such as
those found in plants, yeast, and
animals) possess multiple large
linear chromosomes contained in the
cell's nucleus.
► In the nuclear chromosomes of
eukaryotes, the uncondensed DNA
exists in a semi-ordered structure,
where it is wrapped around histones
(structural proteins), forming a
composite material called chromatin.
The Parts of the Cell
5. Mitochondria

- Produces cellular energy in the form of ATP

through a process called cellular respiration
(metabolizes glucose)
Figure 4.17
The Parts of the Cell
 6. Ribosomes

-site of protein
synthesis

-links amino acids

together to form
proteins
The Parts of the Cell
 7. Endoplasmic
Reticulum

- transport system within

the cell

- transport cell materials

- two types:
rough (with ribosomes)
and smooth
Rough ER
-has ribosomes which give
it its "rough" appearance
-functions in protein
synthesis

Smooth ER
-mostly contains enzymes
that function in lipid
synthesis)
Figure 4.10a
The Parts of the Cell
 8. Golgi Apparatus
--flattened stacks of
membranes

--collects, packages
and modifies cell
materials to be used
in other parts of the
cell or transported
out of the cell
The Parts of the Cell
 9. Lysosomes

-digests and recycles old cell parts,

sometimes bacteria

-contain high levels of enzymes

The Parts of the Cell
10. Vacuole

- mainly storage of
water
in plant cells, some
waste

- some animal cells

have small vacuoles
The Parts of the Cell
11. Centrioles
- used during cell division to move
and separate chromosomes

- only found in animal cells

Figure 4.7a
The Parts of the Cell
 Figure 4.13

12.
Chloroplast

-a double
membrane
organelle
which
converts solar
energy to
sugar

-only found in
plant cells
 Plant Cells vs Animal Cells:
Similarities
► Both animal and plant cells have cell
membranes that enclose the cell.
► Both are filled with cytoplasm, a gel-like
substance containing chemicals needed by
the cell.
► Both have a nucleus where DNA is stored.
► Both have ribosomes, protein builders of
cells.
 Similarities Continued
► Both plant and animal cells have
mitochondria that use oxygen to break
down food and release energy.
► Both kinds of cells have vacuoles that
contain food, water, or waste products.
(Animal cells usually have many more
vacuoles than plant cells do.)
 A Few More Similarities
► Both have endoplasmic reticulum, where a
system of tubes transports proteins.
► Both have Golgi bodies to distribute proteins
outside of the cell.
 Plant and Animal Cells:
Differences
► Plant cells have cell walls that provide
structure. Animal cells do not have cell
walls.
► A few large animal cells have more than one
nucleus, but plant cells ALWAYS have just
one.
► Plant cells have chloroplasts for
photosynthesis. Animal cells do not.
 More Differences:
► Animal cells use mitochondria for energy
production. Plants primarily use
chloroplasts to produce energy.
► Animal cells tend to have many small
vacuoles. Mature plant cells may have only
one large vacuole.
► Animals cells have centrioles but plant cells
do not.