1

Hello!
I am Almira
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LONG FUNCTIONAL TEXT

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Genre Social Function Generic Structure Language Feature

• Identification; • Certain nouns

An introduction to the • Simple Present Tens
A descriptive text is a text
objects/things described which • Detailed noun phrases to
which portrays the image of
includes who or what, when, give information about a
a certain thing from which
where. subject
a writer wants to transfer it
• Description; • Various adjectives which
to readers. Mostly
A description of an object. For are describing, numbering,
descriptive texts depict or
example the color, the size, the classifying
describe the image of a
Descriptive smell, the taste, etc. For • Relating verbs to give
certain person, animal,
Text persons: what they look like, information about a
things, and location or
what they do, how they act, subject
place. The social function
what they like or dislike, what • Thinking verbs and
of description text is to
makes them special. For feeling verbs to reveal the
inform the readers about
something: how it looks, writer’s view
the illustration of certain
sounds, feels, smells or tastes, • Action verbs
persons, places, or some
where it is seen or found, what • Abverbs to give additional
things in specific ways.
it does, how it is used, what information about manner
makes it special. • Figurative language
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Genre Social Function Generic Structure Language Feature

Narrative text is a kind of story
or event narrated or retold in • Certain nouns, pronouns,
spoken or written of which animals, and certain things
social function is to entertain in the story,
its readers. It may cover • Adjectives extending noun
legends, fables, stories of man phrases
• Orientation
vs. animal, love stories, or • Time connectives and
• Complication (events that
Narrative other folktales. Narrative conjunctions to make events
lead to climax)
Text text—often written based on sequence
• Resolution
life experience—will tell the • Adverbs and adverbial
story in a amusing way and phrases to show location
provides an esthetic literary and time of events
experience to its readers. In the • Saying verbs indicating
literary term, experience is untterance
what people do, feel, hear, • The use of Past Tense
read, even what they dream.
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Genre Social Function Generic Structure Language Feature

A recount tells past events which
• Orientation;
occurred in a sequence. Narrative
Information about an event
and recount texts are similar that is • Nouns and pronouns
and its setting. It provides
both tell the past events, so they instead of persons,
details of who, what, when,
commonly use Past Tense, either animals, or things
where, or why.
Simple Past Tense or Past Perfect involved.
• Events;
Tense. Besides, they use sequences • Action verbs
A sequence of events which
of time in telling the past events. • Past tense
happened in a chronological
Narrative text is often found in story • Conjunctions and time
Recount order. What happened?
books about myths, fabel, folklores, connectives which
Text First…, Next…, Soon…,
etc, while Recount text is usually order events
During…, After…, Later….,
found within biography. The • Adverbs and adverb
Eventually…,
difference lies on their structures. phrases to show
Finally…
Narrative texts raise conflicts within location, time, and
• Closing (reorientation);
the events which are natural, social, manner
Conclusion/ summary of the
or psychological. Recount texts do • Adjectives to modify
events. What you think, feel
not include conflicts but only retell a nouns
or decide about the occurred
sequence of events which occurred
Events.
in the past.
EXAMPLES OF
LONG
FUNCTIONAL
TEXT
Example of a Descriptive Text
My Pet

I have a pet. It is a dog, and I call it Brownie. Brownie is a Chinese

Identification
breed.

It is small, fluffy, and cute. It has got thick brown fur. When I cuddle it,
the fur feels soft. Brownie does not like bones. Every day it eats soft
food like steamed rice, fish or bread. Every morning I give her milk
Description and bread. When I am at school, Brownie plays with my cat. They get
along well, and never fight maybe because Brownies does not bark a
lot. It treats the other animals in our house gently, and it never eats
shoes. Brownie is really a sweet and friendly animal.
Example of a Narrative Text
The smartest Parrot
Once upon time, a man had a wonderful parrot. There was no other parrot like it. The parrot could say
Orientation every word, except one word. The parrot would not say the name of the place where it was born. The
name of the place was Catano.
The man felt excited having the smartest parrot but he could not understand why the parrot would not
say Catano. The man tried to teach the bird to say Catano however the bird kept not saying the word.
At the first, the man was very nice to the bird but then he got very angry. “You stupid bird!” pointed
the man to the parrot. “Why can’t you say the word? Say Catano! Or I will kill you” the man said
Complication angrily. Although he tried hard to teach, the parrot would not say it. Then the man got so angry and
(events that shouted to the bird over and over; “Say Catano or I’ll kill you”. The bird kept not saying the word of
lead to climax) Catano. One day, after he had been trying so many times to make the bird say Catano, the man really
got very angry. He could not bear it. He picked the parrot and threw it into the chicken house. “There
were four old chickens for next dinner, you are as stupid as the chickens. Just stay with them”, said the
man angrily. Then he continued to mumble “You know, I will cut the chicken for my meal. Next it will
be your turn, I will eat you too, stupid parrot”. After that he left the chicken house.
The next day, the man came back to the chicken house. He opened the door and was very surprised.
Resolution He could not believe what he saw at the chicken house. There were three death chickens on the floor.
At the moment, the parrot was standing proudly and screaming at the last old chicken; “Say Catano or
I’ll kill you”.
Example of a Recount Text
Vacation to London
Mr. Richard’s family was on vacation. They are Mr. and Mrs. Richard with two sons. They went to
Orientation
London.

They saw their travel agent and booked their tickets. They went to the British Embassy to get visas to
enter Britain. They had booked fourteen days tour. This includes travel and accommodation. They also
included tours around London. They boarded a large Boeing flight. The flight was nearly fourteen
hours. On the plane the cabin crews were very friendly. They gave them news paper and magazine to
read. They gave them food and drink. There was a film for their entertainment. They had a very
pleasant flight. They slept part of the way. On arrival at Heathrow Airport, they had to go to Customs
Events and Immigration. The officers were pleasant. They checked the document carefully but their manners
were very polite. Mr. Richard and his family collected their bags and went to London Welcome Desk.
They arranged the transfer to a hotel. The hotel was a well-known four-star hotel. The room had perfect
view of the park. The room had its own bathroom and toilet. Instead of keys for the room, they inserted
a key-card to open the door. On the third floor, there was a restaurant serving Asian and European food.
They had variety of food. The two weeks in London went by fast. At the end of the 14-day, they were
quite tired but they felt very happy.

Closing The two week in London went by fast. At the end of the 14-day, they were quite tired but they felt very
(reorientation) happy.
Direction: Match the English in Column A with Bahasa in
Column B
Breed • • Kedutaan
Thick • • Keturunan
Fur • • Menunjuk
Steamed • • Bergumam
Bark • • Melemparkan
Vacation • • Kulit
Embassy • • Menyenangkan
Pleasant • • Tebal
Includes • • Termasuk
Pointed • • Berteriak
Shouted • • Memilih
Threw • • Dikukus
Picked • • Bulu
Mumble • • Liburan
PROCEDURES OF TEACHING
READING NARRATIVE TEXT
THROUGH JIGSAW
TECNIQUE.
Pre – Teaching Activities
This activity is the first activity that should be applied in teaching writing. Pre writing
activities generate ideas. They encourage a free flow of thoughts and help the students discover
what they want to say on the paper. Pre writing activities facilitate the planning for both
process and product. In this pre writing activity, the writer wants to explain about
brainstorming technique because this technique is more effective. Brainstorming is one of the
pre writing an activity, which helps the students set down all the thoughts, and feeling they
have. Also, brainstorming is a kind of activity that involves human brain and memory in
memorizing things, event, and action which ever occurred or heard before.
In brainstorming activities the teacher introduces the topic to the students by showing a
picture that is familiar to the students, and asks some questions. (For example: do you know
about the picture?). After asking the students some questions, the teacher gives the time for a
few minutes to the students to think of the answers. When the students are ready enough to
answer, the teacher must record and write the answer down on the blackboard or whiteboard.
The teacher may not decide which answer is right or wrong. The teacher must let the students
tell what they think and the teacher just writes down the points or answers on the board.
Whilst Teaching Activities
In whilst writing activity, the teacher can ask the students to develop
the ideas in brainstorming techniques into a good paragraph. After the
students have generated some ideas, the students can combine the
sentences based on the questions, topic, vocabulary, and the picture
given. During the activities, the teacher can monitor the students
individually. After 10-20 minutes, the teacher collects their assignment
and discusses the students’ writing together.
Post Teaching Activities
In post writing, the teacher can check the students’ writing and then
the teacher respond to the final writing by giving a grade and writing
comment. In this activity, the teacher can check spelling, grammar,
organizing of ideas, and punctuation from the students’ writing. In this
activity the students rewrite the paragraph after the teacher checks their
mistake.

To make it more clearly, I

wants to give one example
of teaching long functional
text by using pictures on the
next slide.
Activity 1
In first activity, the teacher introduces a topic and shows a picture. The teacher sticks a
picture in a board, and then asks some questions. Here the students generate some ideas
about the picture. This activity is limited to ten minutes or fifteen minutes.
Furthermore, the teacher can give some new vocabulary about the picture and topic, for
example: happy, short hair, long hair, tall, short, thin , fat, old, young, etc. This activity
is limited to fifteen minutes.
After the teacher gives some new vocabulary and asks some questions, the teacher
gives the for time a few minutes to think of the answers. The teacher can call one
student to answer the questions that have been given and then the teacher writers
his/her answer down in the blackboard or whiteboard. Then the teacher can ask the
students to start writing.
Activity 2
In this second activity, the students start writing after the teacher gives a topic, sticks a
picture, and gives some vocabulary. The teacher asks the students to combine the
sentences and then arrange the sentences into a good paragraph. In this activity the
students should pay attention to instruction.

Activity 3
In this activity, the teacher discusses the students’ task. Before they discuss their task, the
teacher calls one student to the front of the class and asks her to write a paragraph in the
blackboard or the whiteboard. After she finishes doing it, the teacher checks her spelling,
punctuation, grammar, and the vocabulary that she used with other students.
This activity is limited to twenty minutes. After this, the teacher can give one more
picture and do the same thing as picture one. The teacher asks them questions and then
from their answer, they arrange sentences into a paragraph. For example, the second
picture is man.
 The Advantages and
Disadvantages of Using
Picture Series
 The Advantages of Using Picture Series
According to Yunus 1981:53-54 there are advantages of using pictures in teaching
learning process as follows:
a. Pictures are very useful for presenting new grammatical and vocabulary items.
b. Pictorial material allows for meaningful practice of vocabulary and structure
presented by the teacher.
c. Pictorial material can also provide a stimulus for using the language at the
reproduction and manipulation stages, that is, to speak, to read, to write.
d. Pictures can be used for revision from one lesson to another as well as for long term
revision of vocabulary and structures.
e. Pictorial material can be used to supplement.
f. Pictorial material is easy to collect, to make and to transport. The use of pictures can
improve students’ motivation to learn and stimulate them to talk. The students
become more challenged and motivated to speak English in communication
 The Disadvantages of Using Picture Series
Media as the supports of the teaching learning process also have disadvantages because
something that definitely has advantages also has disadvantages. In this case, there are
also disadvantages of picture series, Sadiman, et al 2006:31-32 explains the disadvantages
on using picture series. Those are picture series that are too complex are not effective for
learning activities and the size is very limited for large groups. To overcome the
disadvantages above, the use of picture series in this research had to show the main point
of the story clearly done, by choosing a particular picture that will support the lesson. Due
to the size, the researcher used big and clear picture series with the size were 20 cm x 30
cm distribute to each student for the teaching learning process of speaking.
References:
Hermawati, Lidia. 2013. Teaching Writing By Using Pictures In Junior
High School .
Laila, Malikatul. 2019. Chapter 4: Long Functional Text.
https://id.123dok.com/document/zpdj210z-chapter-4-long-
functional-text.html. Accessed October 18, 2019.
Unknown. The Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Picture Series.
https://text-id.123dok.com/document/7q058wr3y-the-
advantages-and-disadvantages-of-using-picture-
series.html. Accessed October 26, 2019.