The Hearst Tower

959 Eighth Avenue

New York, NY

Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option
 The Hearst Tower
New York, NY

Presentation Outline
Introduction
Background
 Background Current System
 Current System Proposed System
 Proposed System Cost Analysis
 Cost Analysis Electrical Breadth
 Electrical Breadth Structural Breadth
 Structural Breadth Conclusions
 Conclusions
Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option
 The Hearst Tower
New York, NY
Site and Location
Located along 8th Avenue between 56th & 57th
Street in Midtown Manhattan
 Introduction
Constructed through the center of the original
Background Hearst Headquarters (1928)

 Current System
Landmark building will be hollowed with new
Tower constructed through center
 Proposed System

 Cost Analysis

 Electrical Breadth

 Structural Breadth

 Conclusions
Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option
 The Hearst Tower
New York, NY
Project Team

 Introduction Building Owner: Hearst Corporation

Background Architect: Foster and Partners
 Current System
Associate Architect: Adamson Associates
 Proposed System
MEP: Flack+Kurtz
 Cost Analysis

 Electrical Breadth CM: Turner Construction

 Structural Breadth

 Conclusions
Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option
 The Hearst Tower
New York, NY
Size and Architecture
• 42 stories
• 856,000 SF
 Introduction
• 2000 Hearst Employees
Background Architectural Program
 Current System • Open Office
• Auditorium
 Proposed System
• Test Kitchens
 Cost Analysis • Television Studio

 Electrical Breadth Most notable features:

 Structural Breadth • Diagrid Facade
• LEED Gold certification
 Conclusions
Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option
 The Hearst Tower
New York, NY
Existing Mechanical System
Central Chilled Water Plant serving a low
temperature Variable Air Volume system
 Introduction
Waterside System
 Background
• 4-1000 ton cooling towers on roof level
Current System
• 2-1200 ton & 1-400 ton electric chillers in
 Proposed System
basement chiller plant
Airside System
 Cost Analysis
• 4-110,000 CFM AHU’s, serve office tower
 Electrical Breadth
• Indoor Design Conditions
 Structural Breadth • 75F for cooling/50% RH cooling
 Conclusions • 70F for heating
• Air supplied to spaces at 45F Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option
 The Hearst Tower
New York, NY
Proposed Mechanical System:

Combining Steam Driven Absorption

Cooling with a Dedicated Outdoor Air/
 Introduction Radiant Floor System
 Background
Replace electric chillers with double
 Current System effect steam driven absorption
Proposed System Replace the central VAV AHU’s with
 Cost Analysis
dedicated outdoor air (DOAS) units

 Electrical Breadth
Install radiant floors to parallel DOAS for
both heating & cooling
 Structural Breadth

 Conclusions
Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option
 The Hearst Tower
New York, NY

Goals of Proposed System

 Introduction
• Ensure ASHRAE Std. 62.1-2004
compliance
 Background
• Obtain the LEED point for IAQ
 Current System

Proposed System • Lessen the Tower’s dependence on an

overextended electric grid
 Cost Analysis

 Electrical Breadth • Lower annual operating cost

 Structural Breadth
• Meet the original criteria to create a
 Conclusions
reliable Class “A” office building
Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option
 The Hearst Tower
New York, NY
Proposed Mechanical System:
Dedicated Outdoor Air System
(DOAS)
 Introduction What is DOAS?

 Background • 100% OA unit based on ASHRAE Std.62.1

• Decouples Sensible & Latent Loads
 Current System
• Utilizes Energy Recovery
Proposed System
DOAS for Hearst:
 Cost Analysis
• Std. 62.1 +30% OA for IAQ LEED point
 Electrical Breadth
• Utilize an Enthalpy Wheel for total energy
 Structural Breadth recovery
• Maintain 45F supply air temperature
 Conclusions
Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option
 The Hearst Tower
New York, NY
Proposed Mechanical System:

The resulting DOAS Design:

 Introduction
• 3-40,000 CFM Semco units with a molecular
 Background sieve desiccant coated enthalpy wheel
 Current System • Chiller plant downsized by 30%

Proposed System • Cooling coil load decreased from 44 tons to

10.5 tons
 Cost Analysis
• Supply Air at 45F and saturation
 Electrical Breadth

 Structural Breadth

 Conclusions
Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option
 The Hearst Tower
New York, NY
Proposed Mechanical System:
Radiant Floor Heating and Cooling
Optimize layout based on daylighting
Introduction

study using AGI32 software
 Background

 Current System

Proposed System

 Cost Analysis

 Electrical Breadth

 Structural Breadth

 Conclusions
Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option
 The Hearst Tower
New York, NY
Proposed Mechanical System:
Absorption Chillers

3-600 ton Double-effect chillers arranged

 Introduction
in parallel
 Background
Lithium Bromide/Water- no CFC’s or
 Current System HCFC’s
Proposed System New chiller plant requires 60 kW of
electric input, compared to 1,941 kW used
 Cost Analysis
in the electric chiller plant
Electrical Breadth

Con Edison offers incentives for steam
 Structural Breadth driven cooling during the cooling season

 Conclusions
Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option
 The Hearst Tower
New York, NY
Proposed Mechanical System:
Additional Alternative

Can I save even more with an Electric Chiller

 Introduction
Plant w/DOAS System?
 Background

 Current System
• Still 30% reduction in chiller plant size
Proposed System
• Still only minimum CFM
 Cost Analysis
• Higher COP with vapor compression cycle
 Electrical Breadth

 Structural Breadth

 Conclusions
Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option
 The Hearst Tower
New York, NY
Proposed Mechanical System:
Cost Analysis

 Introduction Electric Electric Absorption

w/VAV w/DOAS w/DOAS
Background

Total $93.1 M $41.2 M $33.9 M
 Current System
Electricity
Total $31 M $29.4 M $39.4 M
 Proposed System Steam
Cost Analysis Total $25.6 M $14.5 M $15.9 M
O&M
 Electrical Breadth
20 year $156.4 M $93.4 M $98.8 M
 Structural Breadth LCC

 Conclusions
Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option
 The Hearst Tower
New York, NY
Proposed Mechanical System:
Mechanical Summary
Electric/DOAS
 Introduction
• Lowest LCC
 Background
• Lowest Operating Cost
 Current System
• Higher COP
 Proposed System
However…
Cost Analysis
• Still dependent on electric grid
 Electrical Breadth
• Black-outs = diminished reliability
 Structural Breadth
Recommendation: Absorption/DOAS Radiant
 Conclusions
Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option
 The Hearst Tower
New York, NY
Electrical System Breadth

Current Electrical System:

 Introduction • 4-4000 amp service take-offs
 Background • Each takeoff is served by 1-6000 amp
service switch
 Current System
• Each takeoff provides 480/277 V 3
 Proposed System
phase service from primary
 Cost Analysis transformers
Electrical Breadth Daylighting & Occupancy sensors used
throughout for energy conservation
 Structural Breadth
High efficiency ballasts, helped obtain rebates
 Conclusions from NYSERDA
Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option
 The Hearst Tower
New York, NY
Electrical System Breadth

Existing Chiller Plant

 Introduction Chiller 1&2: 2000 A fuses, 6 sets of 3- 400 MCM
with 1-#3/0 ground in 3”conduit
 Background
Chiller 3: 800 A fuse, 2 sets of 3-500 MCM with
 Current System
1-#2/0 ground in 3.5” conduit
 Proposed System
Cost of wiring & conduit: $932.00/LF
 Cost Analysis
New Plant
Electrical Breadth
Chiller 1,2,3: 40 A fuses, 1 set of 3-#6 with
 Structural Breadth 1-#10 ground in 1”conduit

 Conclusions Cost of wiring & conduit: $46.80/LF

Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option
 The Hearst Tower
New York, NY
Electrical System Breadth
Existing VAV System

 Introduction 8 supply fans- 124 FLA

4 return fans- 65 FLA
 Background
MCC total connected load of 1,697 FLA
 Current System

 Proposed System Proposed DOAS System

 Cost Analysis 3 supply fans- 77 FLA
Electrical Breadth 3 return fans- 65 FLA

 Structural Breadth MCC total connected load of 632 FLA

 Conclusions
Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option
 The Hearst Tower
New York, NY
Electrical System Breadth:
Conclusions

 Introduction Downsizing equipment results in:

 Background First cost savings for wire & conduits

 Current System Decreased switch sizes
 Proposed System Increased distribution board space
 Cost Analysis
Allows for easier installation
Electrical Breadth

 Structural Breadth

 Conclusions
Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option
 The Hearst Tower
New York, NY
Structural System Breadth:
Current System

Half of the foundation is supported by

 Introduction
spread footings, half by caissons
 Background
Primary lateral support provided by the
 Current System perimeter Diagrid
 Proposed System Secondary lateral system defined by braced
frame at the service core
 Cost Analysis
Structure below 10th floor
 Electrical Breadth
uses a mega-column system
Structural Breadth to support a large unbraced
height
 Conclusions
Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option
 The Hearst Tower
New York, NY
Structural System Breadth:
Effect of Radiant Floors

• International Fire Code 2003 2 hour fire

 Introduction
rating
 Background
• Vulcraft Deck 6” slab
 Current System

 Proposed System • Radiant tubes 1.5” concrete cover

 Cost Analysis • Check deck, beams, girders with additional
 Electrical Breadth
concrete load

Structural Breadth • LRFD Manual example for

Composite W-shape flexural member
design (unshored construction)
 Conclusions
Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option
 The Hearst Tower
New York, NY
Structural System Breadth:
Conclusion

 Introduction Allowable Shear Stud Capacity greater than

Maximum shear under applied loading
 Background
Vu < ΣQn i.e. 42.8 k < 451 k
 Current System

 Proposed System
Allowable Flexural Capacity exceeds
Maximum moment under the applied
 Cost Analysis factored loading

 Electrical Breadth Mu < ФMn i.e. 428 ft-k < 450 ft-k
Structural Breadth
No changes needed to member sizes!
 Conclusions
Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option
 The Hearst Tower
New York, NY
Conclusions
Proposed mechanical system satisfied criteria set
forth at the beginning of the design process:
 Introduction
Lower annual operating costs
 Background
Obtain LEED point for IAQ
 Current System
Lessen dependence on electric grid
 Proposed System Increase reliability
 Cost Analysis Maintain Class “A” market status
 Electrical Breadth Positively impact electrical system by
lowering first cost & allowing for easier
 Structural Breadth installation
 Conclusions No nominal impact on Structural system
Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option
 The Hearst Tower
New York, NY
Acknowledgements

A huge Thank You to:

 Introduction
JJ, Dr. Freihaut, Dr. Bahnfleth, Dr. Mumma,
 Background Dr. Srebric and the rest of the AE Faculty.
 Current System
My fellow classmates especially Jenny, Jayme,
 Proposed System Yulien, Dave, Bryan, and Adam.
 Cost Analysis
Paul Reitz of Flack+Kurtz
 Electrical Breadth

 Structural Breadth

 Conclusions
Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option
 The Hearst Tower
New York, NY

 Introduction

 Background

 Current System
Questions??
 Proposed System

 Cost Analysis

 Electrical Breadth

 Structural Breadth

 Conclusions
Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option