Gender

Extinsic Factor
• Muscular Strength
The impact of gender on muscular strength is most obvious in body
composition. Strength variation between men and women are mainly related to
the smaller amountof absolute muscle mass (about 60% of men) and a higher
body fat percentage in women.

• Endurance Capacity
It can be either by time needed to reach a given distance or in a more technical
approach by measuring respiratory gas exchange as well as blood lactate
concentration at submaximal workload.
• Endurance Capacity:
• Greater fat percentage among women means thebaddition of extra load which
decrease endurance performance
• Lower blood volumes and hemoglobin levels lead to an increased heart rate at
comparable submaximal workloads
• As a result of their smaller body size, womens heart rate are smaller
• The combination of smaller heart size, blood volume and hemoglobin level result in
lower absolute and relative maximal oxygen uptake
Intrinsic Factor
• Hormone
• Female: Estrogen, Progesterone
• Male: Testosterone, Androgen

• Hemoglobin and Hematocrit Level, and other Blood level counts

• Male and Female differs regarding the normal value for this level