GLORIA MACAPAGAL

ARROYO

ADMINISTRATION
GLORIA MACAPAGAL ARROYO

Maria Gloria Macaraeg

Macapagal

She was
BORN
the
April 5,
county’s
1947
2nd female
San Juan
President

12th Vice President of

the Philippines 1998-
2001

Filipino politician who was

president of the Philippines
(2001–10).
NOTABLE FAMILY MEMBERS

 Arroyo’s father, Diosdado P. Macapagal, was president of

the Philippines from 1961 to 1965.

 Married to Jose Miguel Arroyo, lawyer and businessman from

Negros Ocidental

 The most well known is her oldest son, Jose “ Datu Mikey “ Miguel
Arroyo a good friend of Corazon Aquino.
EDUCATION
 Georgetown University (Washington, D.C.)
 Assumption College in Manila in (Philippines-1968 “magna cum
laude ”)
 Ateneo de Manila University (Philippines – 1978 “ master’s degree
in economics”)
 University of the Philippines (1986 “doctorate in economics”)

 14th President of the Philippines from 2001 until 2010.

 Arroyo was a university professor
 Undersecretary of trade and industry in 1986
 She won a seat in the Senate in 1992 and was reelected in 1995 by
a record 16 million votes.
 Elected vice president in 1998
 Secretary of social welfare and development. In 2000
 House of Representatives in the May 2010
speaker of the House of Representatives in 2018
PROMISES DURING THE ELECTIONS
AND INAUGURATION :
The “10-point agenda” outlined by Macapagal-Arroyo during her inaugural
address last June 30, 2001:

1. “I shall have created more than six million jobs, perhaps,

even 10 million jobs… I shall have supported three million
entrepreneurs by giving them loans and helping them
become good managers… I shall have developed one
million hectares, if possible two million of agribusiness land by
making them productive and transporting their products to the
markets efficiently.

2. “Everyone of school age will be in school in an

uncrowded classroom, in surroundings conducive to
learning.
3. “I shall have balanced the budget by collecting the right
revenues and spending on the right things.

4. “The network of transport and digital infrastructure on which

my government embarked in the last three years will have linked
the entire country.

5. “Power and water will be regularly provided to all barangays

(villages).

6. “Metro Manila will be decongested with economic activity

growing and spreading to new centers of government, business
and community in Luzon, in the Visayas and in Mindanao.

7. “The Subic-Clark corridor will be the most competitive

international service and logistic center in the Southeast Asian
Region.
8. “Elections will no longer raise a single doubt about their
integrity. The electoral process will be completely
computerized.

9. “Peace will have come to Mindanao. All insurgence shall

have turned their swords into plowshares. They will have
become so absorbed into one society that the struggles of the
past will be just a stuff of legend.

10. “The divisive issues generated by EDSA I, II and III will also be
just memories shared by friends from every side in those
upheavals… Only the lessons of unity, courage and a just
closure left alive in their hearts.”
 CONDITION OF THE PHILIPPINES
 The Philippines came close to a financial meltdown in 2001 during the
impeachment of Former President Estrada. The revenues were too low,
with its $54.8 billion in foreign debt too high which followed a lower
nation credit rating. In addition to this foreign investor were reluctant
to invest in the Philippines at that time due to the political crisis the
country was experiencing.

 The impeachment case against failed to push through, the people

marched to the streets and EDSA 2 was born. When Former President
Estrada was finally removed from Malacanang, there was another rally
attempt by Estrada’s supporters. This attempt was supposedly “EDSA 3”
but it failed due to the lack of supporters.
 Former President Joseph Estrada left President Arroyo with a country
which needed to recover due to:

* political crisis
* economic crisis
Estrada has left Arroyo with a lot of problems. When Estrada was forced
out of office, there were numerous rallies by Estrada’s supporters;
* some resulted into a bloody confrontation between Erap
Supporters and the police.

It was a challenge to Arroyo to gain the trust of not only her people but
of the trust of the investors as well. She needed to encourage more
investments to improve the economy and to improve the lives of the
Filipino’s. It was Arroyo’s challenge to bring the Filipino’s back to its feet.
 PRIMARY PROBLEM
1.) KILLINGS

• There have been more than 840 killings in the Philippines since
President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo came to power.
• One of the major problems of the Philippines are the arbitrary,
unlawful and extrajudicial killings which includes the death of journalists.
• More than half of the journalists who were killed after Marcos’ time
were killed during the Arroyo administration. Only in three cases of
killings were the killers been convicted but no mastermind was brought
to court.
• The Philippines is now considered as the second most dangerous
country to practice journalism next to Iraq.
• Even though there are intense efforts of the government to
investigate and prosecute the cases of killings, many cases were still
unresolved and a lot of them are still not punished.
 2.) CORRUPTION
• Corruption scandals during the Arroyo Administration in the last seven years have
cost the Filipinos around 7.3 billion pesos.
• With at least six corruption cases so far, President Arroyo has now been considered
the most corrupt president in the Philippines.
• Corruption has greatly benefited the Arroyo Administration while it continues to
worsen the condition of the Philippines specifically contribute more to poverty.
• Corruption is a problem in all the institutions of the Philippines including the criminal
justice system specifically the police, prosecutorial and judicial organs.

3.) BUDGET MISMANAGEMENT

• Education, health, and public infrastructure were not given much priority even
though there were large increases in the national budget.
• The president relied on reenacted budget; none of the proposed regular budgets
were approved on time. In three of the nine years as president, she ran the
government without an approved budget.
 4.) POVERTY

• Poverty is most rampant in the rural areas of the Philippines. Even though there
is a share of poverty in the National Capital Region, the rate of poverty in rural
areas than urban areas is still a lot higher. The rural poor are the unemployed or
self-employed in agriculture or only casual labor who are landless.
• Poverty has worsened because of high inflation and unemployment. The
Philippines has not yet surpassed poverty unlike neighboring countries like
Vietnam, Thailand, and Indonesia who are rapidly reducing poverty at present.

5.) UNEMPLOYMENT

• President Arroyo promised to create 10 million jobs from 2004-2010 but didn’t
reach this target. A lot of decent jobs in the manufacturing sector disappeared
and more less secure jobs emerged.
• Since unemployment, poverty and hunger go together, this just shows the
failure of the Philippine social-protection program who doesn’t
provide enough protection for the less fortunate and unemployed. All these
three have worsened under the Arroyo Administration.
 LAWS AND PROGRAMS
1.) Restoring Political Stability and Building New Politics

2.) Building High Standards of Morality and Performance

3.) Promote Economic Revival through Social Equity

4.) Battle of the Budget

5.) The Anti-Poverty Strategy

a. Asset Distribution
b. Human Development Services

c. Protection from Violence d. More Livelihood Opportunities

 DOMESTIC POLICIES
CHARTER CHANGE

 Executive Order No. 464 and Calibrated Preemptive Response

HUMAN RIGHTS

 Killings were rampant during the Arroyo administration that is why

independent commissions were assembled to investigate them.

AMNESTY

 Amnesty Proclamation 1377

 LAWS
 Republic Act No. 10072
April 20, 2010

known as the “Philippine Red Cross Act of 2009”.

 Republic Act No. 9994

February 15, 2010

known as the “Expanded Senior Citizens Act of 2010.”

 Republic Act No. 9369

January 23, 2007

Amending RA 8436
 Republic Act No. 9238
An act amending certain secs of the national internal
revenue code of 1997.

 Republic Act No. 9217

AN ACT DECLARING APRIL 15 OF EVERY YEAR AS PRESIDENT
MANUEL A. ROXAS MEMORIAL DAY, THEREBY ASSIGNING THE
NEAREST FRIDAY TO IT AS A SPECIAL NON-WORKING HOLIDAY IN THE
ENTIRE PROVINCE OF CAPIZ AND ROXAS CITY IN COMMEMORATION
OF THE DEATH ANNIVERSARY OF THE LATE PRESIDENT

known as the President Manuel A. Roxas Memorial Day Act.

 Republic Act No. 9155

known as the “Governance of Basic Education Act of 2001.”

 Republic Act No. 9006

known as the “Fair Election Act.”

 ISSUES AND CONTROVERSIES
Hello “Garci” Controversy (June 2005 – Present)

 The Hello “Garci” Controversy is about wiretapped recordings of Gloria

Macapagal Arroyo’s conversations with COMELEC Commissioner Virgilio
Garcilliano. The conversations was about rigging or cheating the 2004
national elections. Former NBI Deputy Director Samuel Ong released the
wiretapped tapes; he also claimed that he had the “mother of all
tapes” which was released a few days later.
Oakwood Mutiny (July 27, 2003)

 A group composing of more than 300 fully armed soldiers took over
Oakwood Premier in Ayala, Makati City. The soldiers were led by
Navy Ltsg. Antonio Trillanes IV, Army Capt. Gerardo Gambala, Army
Capt. Milo Maestrecampo, Navy Ltsg. James Layug and Marine
Capt. Gary Alejano.
 The group called themselves the new “katipuneros” but they were
dubbed y the media as the “magdalo” soldiers. They claim that the
taking over of the Oakwood Premier in Makati was spontaneous,
and that their goal was only to be able to air their grievances and
complaints about the corruption in the military and in the
government. They also stated that the saw signs that GMA was
going to declare martial law.
NBN-ZTE Controversy (April 2007)

 The NBN-ZTE controversy is about a deal between the Philippines and

XTE Corporation, a company in china. The deal was worth $329.59
Million and was aimed at improving the communication capabilities of
the Philippines. On August 29, 2007, Nueva Vizcaya Rep. Carlos Padilla,
disclosed on his privilege speech that COMELEC chairman Benjamin
Abalos has been going to China not just for leisure but to broker a deal
with the XTE Corporation. He also said that there were two other
corporations willing to do the job for the Philippines at lower prices but
was turned down. These two other private companies offered cheaper
prices than ZTE Corporation.
Gloria Arroyo’s Expensive Dinners

 The public began noticing the expensive dinners that President Macapagal
Arroyo was having when an article from the New York Post reported that GMA
and her entourage to the US dined in the famous Le Cirque in New York and
spent $20,000 or almost 1 Million Pesos.

 The report said that GMA ordered several expensive bottles of wine which
pushed the tab to $20,000. Considering the economic downturn in the
Philippines and the continuous increase in unemployment and poverty
ratings, the expensive dinner resulted into a lot of criticisms against GMA.
Makati Mayor Jejomar Binay bashed GMA for her expensive dinner and said
that $20,000 can already give 30,000 people 3 square meals in a day. He also
noted that if GMA indeed used public funds to pay for the meal then it should
be deplorable. If she used her own money to pay for the dinner then it is really
insensitive to the millions of Filipino’s who experience hunger every day in the
Philippines.
Commission on Audit (COA) is the Philippines supreme state audit
Institution. President office fails COA audit

 Unliquidated cash advances, “loans” without records, donations diverted to uses

not prescribed by donors, understated expenses and overstated accounts in the
hundreds of millions of pesos, all sourced from taxpayers’ money.

 In 2007, the OP received total cash inflows of P3.38 billion, or 13 percent more than
the P2.99 billion it got in 2006. Of the 2007 figure, P2.31 billion came from notices of
cash allocation from the Department of Budget and Management.

 The OP likewise raised service income of P9.3 million, interest income of P4.05 million,
and miscellaneous income of P3.3 million.
 COA said that the OP’s total cash outflows reported in 2007 amounted to
P2.67 billion, or 13 percent more than the P2.36 billion in 2006.

 Failed to liquidate a total of P632.9 million of cash advances and

receivables from officers, employees and other persons, on account of
foreign and domestic travels that the President made, typically with a
large retinue of political deputies and allies. Of the total, P594 million
represented “cash advances granted to persons who are not employees
of the OP.”

 Failed to reconcile physical count of office supplies, as well as of

property and plant equipment
THANK
YOU