SUBMITTED TO –

Corporate Social Responsibility is a growing and important part of an

organization’s overall strategy. The voluntary compliance of social and
ecological responsibility of companies is called Corporate Social Responsibility.
It is basically a concept whereby companies decide voluntarily to contribute to
a better society and a cleaner environment. It is a concept whereby companies
integrate social and environmental concerns into their business operations and
their interaction with their stakeholders on a voluntary basis.

BENEFITS OF CSR:
Benefits to the Company:
1. Improved financial performance
2. Lower operating costs

Benefits to the Community and the General

Public
2. Product Safety and quality
3. Charitable contributions

Environmental Benefits
1. Greater material recyclability
2. Greater use of renewable resources
OVERVIEW OF THE INDUSTRY

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Information technology is the application of computers to store, retrieve, transmit
and manipulate data or information, often in the context of a business or other
enterprise. IT is considered to be a subset of information and communications
technology. In 2012, Zuppo proposed an ICT hierarchy where each hierarchy level
contain some degree of commonality in that they are related to technologies that
facilitate the transfer of information and various types of electronically mediated
communications

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN INDIA

Information technology in India is an industry consisting of two major

components: IT services and business process outsourcing (BPO). The sector has
increased its contribution to India's GDP from 1.2% to 7.5%. India's IT Services
industry was born in Mumbai in 1967 with the establishment of the Tata Group
in partnership with Burroughs. The first software export zone, SEEPZ – the
precursor to the modern-day IT park – was established in Mumbai in 1973.
More than 80 percent of the country's software exports were from SEEPZ in the
1980s.
Wipro Limited (Western India Palm Refined Oils Limited or more recently,
Western India Products Limited is an Indian Information Technology Services
corporation headquartered in Bengaluru, India.
In 2013, Wipro demerged its non-IT businesses into separate companies to
bring in more focus on independent businesses.
The company was incorporated on 29 December 1945 in Amalner,
Maharashtra by Mohamed Premji as 'Western India Vegetable Products
Limited', later abbreviated to 'Wipro'. In February 2002, Wipro became the
first software technology and services company in India to be certified for ISO
14001 certification. Wipro also achieved ISO 9000 certification to become the
first software company to get SEI People Capability Maturity Model.
AWARDS:-
• In March 2017, Wipro was recognized as one of the world’s most
ethical companies by US-based Ethisphere Institute for the sixth
consecutive year.
• In May 2016, it was ranked 755th on the Forbes Global 2000 list.
• Wipro won 7 awards, including Best Managed IT Services and Best System
Integrator in the CIO Choice Awards 2015, India
• Wipro was ranked 2nd in the Newsweek 2012 Global 500 Green
companies.
Infosys Limited (formerly Infosys Technologies Limited) is an Indian
multinational corporation that provides business consulting, information
technology and outsourcing services. It has its headquarters in Bengaluru,
Karnataka, India.

Infosys is the second-largest Indian IT company by 2017 revenues and 596th

largest public company in world in terms of revenue. On June 30, 2017, its
market capitalisation was $34.33 billion. The credit rating of the company is A.

Infosys was established by 7 engineers in Pune, India with an initial capital of

$250 in 1981. It was registered as Infosys Consultants Private Limited on July 2,
1981. In 1983, it relocated its office to Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

AWARDS:-
• In 2017, HfS Research included Infosys in Winner's Circle of HfS Blueprint for
Managed Security Services, Industry 4.0 services and Utility Operations.
• In 2012, Infosys was ranked #19 amongst the world's most innovative
companies by Forbes.
• In 2006, Institute of Chartered Accountants of India included Infosys into Hall
of Fame for being the winner of Best Presented Accounts for 11 consecutive
years.
Genpact is a professional services firm with key offices in New York City, Palo
Alto, London, and Delhi.

Genpact was founded in 1997 as a business unit within General Electric. In

January 2005, Genpact became an independent company, and by August 2007
was publicly traded. Bain Capital became its largest shareholder in October
2012.

In 2016, the company reported net revenues of US$2.57 billion with more than
77,000 employees in more than 20 countries.
Genpact began in 1997 as a unit within General Electric. Its charter was to
provide business process services to GE's businesses. During the eight years
that followed, Genpact began to manage a wide range of processes across GE's
financial services and manufacturing businesses.

In January 2005, Genpact became an independent company and began to

serve clients outside of GE. The company name, Genpact, is designed to
convey the business impact it generates for its clients. In August 2007,
Genpact was listed on the NYSE under the symbol 'G'. Since then the
company has grown from 32,000 employees and revenue of US$823 million,
to 77,000+ employees and revenues of US$2.57 billion (2016).
Tata Consultancy Services Limited is an Indian multinational information
technology (IT) service, consulting and business solution company
headquartered in Mumbai, Maharashtra. It is a subsidiary of the Tata Group and
operates in 46 countries.

TCS is one of the largest Indian companies by market capitalization. TCS is now
placed among the most valuable IT services brands worldwide. TCS alone
generates 70% dividends of its parent company, Tata Sons. In 2015, TCS is
ranked 64th overall in the Forbes World's Most Innovative Companies ranking,
making it both the highest-ranked IT services company and the top Indian
company. It is the world's 9th largest IT services provider by revenue. As of
December 2015, it is ranked 10th on the Fortune India 500 list.
SERVICE LINES
• Application development and maintenance (43.80%) value;
• Asset leverage solutions (2.70%);
• Assurance services (7.70%);
• Business process outsourcing (12.50%);
• Consulting (2.00%);
• Engineering and Industrial services (4.60%);
• Enterprise solutions (15.21%); and
• IT infrastructure services (11.50%).
H-1B Visa:-
The victory of Donald Trump in the U.S. is an important factor that has forced
the Indian firms to adopt a cautious wait-and-watch mode. During the
campaign Mr. Trump spoke of stricter H-1B visa regulation and creation of more
domestic jobs.
Traditionally H-1B visa is used by Indian IT firms to send their employees on
short-term work permit to the U.S.

Brexit Impact:-
Another major hurdle for Indian IT companies was the Brexit vote. India’s
second largest IT services major, Infosys, was the first company to bear the
brunt as Royal Bank of Scotland shelved its plan to create a separate bank in the
U.K., forcing Infosys to shift about 3,000 employees from that project.

Legal Laws and Norms:-

The major problem that the Indian IT firms have started to face in recent times
is that they are now subject to different legal laws and norms. Each country has
its own set of rules. For example not recruiting older employees was fine in
India. But they can no longer reject people on the grounds of their age.
1. Strengths:-
• Financial performance will improve.
• Enhanced reputation and brand image.
• Increased customer loyalty and sales

2. Weaknesses:-
• The people in India take CSR as narrower term but in reality is a broader term
if taken into action.
• There is lack of judgement within a time frame due to which there is
duplication of others’ efforts.

3. Opportunities:-
• Better impact of brand image of the business house on the minds of
customers.
• Better visibility of the business in all areas.

4. Threats:-
• There is lack of public policies to promote CSR.
• There is lack of consistent legislative framework.
RESEARCH DESIGN
• Descriptive Research
• Exploratory Research

DATA COLLECTION
• Primary Data
• Secondary Data
• To study the various theories and guidelines for CSR practices at national as
well as international level.

• To study the CSR practices as per Global Reporting Initiative guidelines being
taken by selected public sector and private sector companies.

• To compare the key CSR practices being practiced by selected private and
public sector companies.

• To study the stakeholders‟ perception towards CSR practices in selected

companies.

• To analyse the effect of CSR practices on profitability of the selected

companies.

• To give suggestions for better CSR practices based on findings emanated

from the study.
To make present study more practical, following hypotheses have
been framed by the researcher.

• H00: CSR practices are not followed by the private companies.

• H01: CSR practices are followed and there is no significant
difference between CSR practices of selected private
companies.

In addition to the above stated hypothesis, the researcher would

like to frame some more hypotheses during the course of study.
• Employees of the organization may hide the facts.

• The management did not disclose all the confidential data.

• Employees gives doubtful answers.

• A detailed study is not carried out because of time constraint.

• Employees are not showing the interest.

• Detailed information cannot be obtained because of tight schedule of the

employees.

• Inadequate information system created a huge hindrance during the making

of the project.

• The limit of the study is only 45 days.

120%

100%

80%

60% NO
YES
40%

20%

0%
GENPACT
INFOSYS WIPRO TATA
120%

100%

80%
GENPACT
60% INFOSYS
WIPRO
40%
TATA
20%

0%
YES NO
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%

GENPACT INFOSYS WIPRO TATA

120%

100%

80%
GENPACT
60%
INFOSYS
40% WIPRO
TATA
20%

0%
BETWEEN 1% BETWEEN 2% MORE THAN NOT
- 2% - 3% 3% DISCLOSED
100%

80%

60% NO
YES
40%

20%

0%
GENPACT INFOSYS WIPRO TATA
• NGOs are playing vital role in implementation of CSR
in collaboration with the companies.
• In order to create awareness about CSR practices
among people companies are involved in training
practices.
• The fund allocated by companies to conduct CSR
activities is meagerly spent on environment.
• Companies mostly expand their fund on education,
youth development and infrastructure.
• It is found companies also actively involved in the
promotion of the better health, safety management at
work place.
• The companies involved in CSR practices display code
and conduct along with their policy statement that
motivates them to do CSR.
• The IT companies should make a deliberate attempt to
formulate social objectives into their economic objectives
and Mission Statement.
• Companies having a higher annual turnover should
develop "corporate leadership" that would help low
annual turnover companies to develop to do CSR.
• The high annual turnover companies should take the
initiative to build a network of Industries to enhance
environmental protection.
• Growing public awareness and demand for fair corporate
behavior in a global market situation, it is necessary to
train employees.
• Company should follow the guidance in respect of CSR
given by Ministry of Corporate Affairs.
• Companies should keep up date themselves with latest
development in CSR activity at international level.