Experimental realization of

Quantum Teleportation
MID TERM PRESENTATION REPORT
PYL749

Submitted by:-
Manoj Gupta
Submitted to:-
M.Sc. Physics(2018PHS7140)
Prof. Joyee Ghosh
Abhishek Verma
M.Sc. Physics (2018PHS7112)
Contents
1. Basic Theory of teleportation.
2.Creation of entangled pair photon
3. Experimental Realization
4. Summary
Basic Theory of Quantum Teleportation
 Creation of entangled pair photon by parametric down conversion

We produced the entangled photons 2 and 3 by parametric down conversion. In this

technique, inside a nonlinear crystal, an incoming pump photon can decay
spontaneously into two photons which, in the case of type II parametric down-
conversion are in the state . This arrangement produces a entangled pairs. Given by

Two red photons at half

the frequency.

β-barium borate
(BBO)crystal
 Experimental Setup for Realization of Quantum Teleportation

• UV pulse beam hits BBO crystal to create

entangled photon
• Photon 1 is prepared in initial state
• Photon 4 as trigger
• Alice looks for coincidences
• Bob knows that state is teleported and
checks it.
• Threefold coincidence f1f2d1(+45°) in
absence of f1f2d2 (-45°)
• Temporal overlap between photon 1,2
Photon 1 is polarized at 45 degree using the polarizer . And then photon 1 and photon 2 send to bell’s states
measurements . These two photons are detected using the detector f1 and f2 . Once the coincidences of
detector f1 and f2 observed imply that bell’s states is found to be . Once coincidence of detector f1 and
f2 observe this information can be send to bob by a classical channel . Depending on the information Bob
will detect the polarization of the 3 photon using a degree Polarizer such that through the detector d1 and
d2 . Once the coincidence of f1f2d2 observes ,it can be said that the Bob photons gets the polarization
states of Alice initial Photon.
Theoretical prediction for the three-fold Measured three-fold coincidence Measured three-fold coincidence
coincidence probability between rates d2f1f2 (+45 degree ) rates d1f1f2 (-45 degree)
the two Bell-state detectors
• For distinguishable photons, with p=0.5, 2
photons end in different O/P ports
• Photon 3 polarization undefined!
• So, d1, d2 have 50% chances of receiving
photon 3
• => 25% probability for both f1f2d1 and f1f2d2
threefold coincidences
• P(f1f2d1) = P(f1f2d2) = 0.25
 Outside the region of teleportation, photon 1 and 2 each will go either to f1 or to f2
independent of one another. The probability of having a coincidence between f1 and f2 is
therefore 50%, which is twice as high as inside the region of teleportation.

Photon 3 should not have a well-defined polarization because it is part of an entangled

pair. Therefore, d1 and d2 have both a 50% chance of receiving photon 3. This simple
argument yields a 25% probability both for the -45 analysis (d1f1f2 coincidences) and for
the +45 analysis (d2f1f2 coincidences) outside the region of teleportation.

Successful teleportation of the +45 polarization state is then characterized by a

coincidence decrease to zero in the -45 analysis and by a constant value for the +45
analysis
 Summary
•Deduced from the basic principles of quantum mechanics, it is possible to transfer the
quantum state from one particle onto another over arbitrary distances.

•As an experimental elaboration of that scheme we discussed the teleportation of

polarization states of photons.

•But quantum teleportation is not restricted to that system at all. One could imagine
entangling photons with atoms or photons with ions, and so on.

•Then teleportation would allow us to transfer the state of, for example, fast decohering,
short-lived particles onto some more stable systems.

•This opens the possibility of quantum memories, where the information of incoming
photons could be stored on trapped ions, carefully shielded from the environment.

•With this application we are in heart of quantum information processing.

References

• Braunstein, S. L. & Mann, A Measurement of the Bell operator and quantum

teleportation. Phys. Rev. A 51, R1727–R1730 (1995).
• Dik Bouwmeester, Jian-Wei Pan, Experimental quantum teleportation. Nature, 390,
575(1997)