Professional Documents
Culture Documents
3.quality Control in Concrete & Durability
3.quality Control in Concrete & Durability
DURABILITY ASPECT OF
CONCRETE
STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS
FOR CONCRETE –
Ingredients of concrete
1. Cement
2. Fine Aggregate - Sand
3. Coarse Aggregate
4. Admixtures
5. Water
CEMENT (26.1.2 )
• The cement used shall be any of the following
and the type selected should be appropriate for
the intended use.
(a) 33 grade ordinary Portland cement conforming
to IS:269
(b) 43 grade ordinary Portland cement conforming
to IS: 8112
(c) 53 grade ordinary Portland cement conforming
to IS:12269
(d) Rapid hardening Portland cement conforming
to IS:8041
CEMENT (26.1.2 )
(e) Portland Slag cement conforming to IS:455
(f) Portland pozzolona cement (flyash based) conforming
to IS:1489 (part 1)
(g) Portland Pozzolana cement (calcined clay based)
conforming to IS:1489 (part 2)
72 ± 1 hr. 16 23 27
168 ± 2 hrs. 22 33 37
672 ± 4 hrs. 33 43 53
CEMENT (26.1.2 )
Setting time (26.1.2.5 )
Setting time of cement of any type or any grade when
tested by Vicat apparatus method described in IS:4031
shall conform to the following requirement.
• The higher the Grading Zone, the finer the sand, with
Grading Zone I – coarsest and Grading Zone IV-Finest.
1 8
2 15
3 20
4 25
5 30
Coarse Aggregate
• Aggregate, most of which is retained on 4.75mm IS
Sieve and contains only as much fine material as is
permitted in IS:383 for various sizes and grading is
known as Coarse aggregate.
• It shall consist of naturally occurring (uncrushed,
crushed or broken) stones or river bed shingle or pit
gravel.
10 mm 10 to 35 25 to 55 30 to 70 40 to 85
4.75 mm 0 to 5 0 to 10 0 to 10 0 to 10
SINGLE SIZED(UNGRADED) STONE AGGREGATE OR GRAVEL
Table 3.2
IS sieve Percentage passing (by weight) for nominal size of
Desig-
nation 63 mm 40 mm 20 mm 16 mm 2.5 mm 10 mm
80 mm 100 -- -- -- -- --
63 mm 85-100 100 -- -- -- --
40 mm 0-30 85-100 100
20 mm 0-5 0-20 85-100 100
16 mm 85-100 100
12.5mm 85-100 100
10mm 0-5 0-5 0-20 0-30 0-45 85-100
4.75mm 0-5 0-5 0-10 0-20
2.36mm 0-5
Coarse Aggregate
• Size of Coarse aggregate
a) The nominal maximum size of coarse aggregate should
be as large as possible within limits specified
b) but in no case greater than one fourth of the
minimum thickness of the members, provided that the
concrete can be placed without difficulty to fill all
corners of the form and to surround all reinforcement.
For reinforced concrete work and prestressed concrete
work, aggregates having a nominal size of 20mm are
generally considered satisfactory.
Coarse Aggregate (3.1.2)
In special cases larger size may be specifically permitted by
the Engineer but in no case the nominal maximum size in
such RCC/ PSC structures shall be more than 40mm.
c) Surface moisture