Presented BY:

PRIYANKA
1701551041
J.Balavijayalakshmi,M.Saranya have studied the
magnesium copper ferrite particles (x=0.8)
prepared by coprecipitation method in february
2014 they Observed the xrd data of given sample
and explain the xrd graph as the xrd diffraction
patterns shows all the main peaks
found(220),(311),(400),(442),(511) and (440).The
well-defined (311) peak appear more intense. All
the diffractograms show the characteristic
reflections of the spinel phase. The crystalline
size is found be 20-28 nm.
FTIR Spectral Analysis give the presence of the metallic
compounds in the sample. It help to confirms the
formation of spinel structure in the ferrite samples.In
the wavenumber range of 4000-400 cm-1, two main
broad metal –oxygen bands seen infrared spectra of all
spinels. The higher absorption band observed in the
range 596-549cm-1 caused the streching vibrations of
the tetrahedral metal –oxygen bond and lowest band in
therange 417 cm-1caused by the metal-oxygenvibrations
in the octahedral sites.It observed that the copper
shifted the band to lower value.
Copper doped magnesium ferrite nanoparticles are
prepared with co-precipation method. The FTIR spectra
show main absorption bandsaround596cm-1 and 417 cm-
1 corresponding to streching vibration modes of
tetrahedral and octahedral sites responsible for the
spinel compounds.
 INTRODUCTION
 METHODLOGOLY
 RESULTAND DISCUSSION
 CONCLUSION
• Ferrite is a ceramic material formed
by reacting metal oxides into a
magnetic material.
 • Soft ferrite are easily magnetized and demagnetized,
so that it can store or transfer magnetic energy in
alternating or other changing wave forms.

•Hard ferrite are not magnetized and demagnetized ,

Which having high coercivity and retentivity after
magnetization.
•The general formula of ferrite
Molecule is M2+Fe23+O42-where
M2+ represents a divalent metal
ion such asZn2+, Fe2+, Mg2+,
Mn2+, Cd2+ etc.
• Ferrites crystallize in the form
of a cubic structure. Each corner
of a ferrite unit cell consists of a
ferrite molecule.
 In normal spinel ferrite, all the divalent ions are
on A-site and trivalent ions occupy B-sites .A
majority of these ferrites present paramagnetic
behaviour.
 The systematic representation of zinc ferrite is
given below:
In this type half of the B sites
(8sites) are occupied by
divalent metals ions and the
remaining half of the B-sites
(8sites) and all the A sites are
occupied by the trivalent
metals ions ,shown in fig:
• High resivitivity
• Wide frequency range (10kHz to 50kHz)
• Large selection material
• Low cost
• Temperature and time stability

• Hardferrites are used to make permanent

magnets.
•The permanent magnets (hard ferrites) are used
instruments like galvanometers, ammeter,
voltmeter, recoders.
 1. Solution combustion method

 2. Sol –gel method

 3. Micro-emulsion

 4. Reverse micelle synthesis

 5. Chemical precipitation synthesis

 This technique has potential to obtain the
controllable particles size and its distribution
without affecting the composition
,crystallinity and morphology of the
particles.
 The product of co-precipitation reactions are
sparingly soluble species formed in this
process and large no of particles is formed.
 Usually , ammonia or sodium bicarbonate is
used as the precipating agent.
 X-Ray Diffraction are
a family of non-
destructive
analytical technique w
hich reveal
information about
the crystal structure
chemical composition,
and physical
properties of materials
and thin films.
Various parameters of MgxCu1-xFe2O4(x=0.1,0.2)

•The interplaner spacing is

Sample Mg0.1Cu0.9Fe2O4 Mg0.2Cu0.8Fe2O4
calculated by Bragg’s condition,
FWHM(degree) 0.4593 0.482
d=nλ/2sinθ
19 18
• The lattice parameter (a) is
D(nm)
calculated by : a=d /h2 + k2 +l2
a(Å) 8.3412 8.347
Ionic radii rA and rB on A-site and B-
dAL(Å) 1.805 1.807
site : rA= (u-0.25)a/ 3-Ro
dBL(Å) 2.0853 2.0867
rB= (0.625-u)a-Ro
rA(Å) 0.4859 0.4871
• dAL= (u-0.25)a/3
rB(Å) 0.7653 0.76675 dBL= a(3u2-11u/4+43/64)
FTIR stands for Fourier
Transform Infrared method of
infrared spectroscopy. In
infrared spectroscopy, IR
radiation is passed through a
sample. Some of the infrared
radiation is absorbed by the
sample and some of it is
passed through
(transmitted). The resulting
spectrum represents the
molecular absorption and
transmission.
 Nanocrystalline MgxCu1-xFe2O4 ferrites have been
synthesized successfully by co-precipitation method.
 X-ray diffraction pattern confirms the formation of
single phase cubic spinel structure with the reflection
the sample(311),(440),(220),(400),(511).
 FTIR we conclude that highest band generally occurs
in the range of 700-400(cm-1) due to stretching
vibration of tetrahedral metal oxygen band. The IR
spectra showed characteristic peak of tetrahedral
and octahedral Fe-O stretching band at 560cm-1 and
417cm-1 . In addition to these vibrational modes, a
broad hump due to water