Group 1 - HARANA

First Aid
What is first aid?
First aid is vital for saving lives. A person can carry
out first aid after a life-threatening incident or
injury before the arrival of emergency services.
First aid is a combination of simple procedures and
common sense.

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What is the purpose of first aid?
First aid is emergency care given immediately to an
injured person. The purpose of first aid is to
minimize injury and future disability. In serious
cases, first aid may be necessary to keep the victim
alive.

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 The Importance of First Aid
Most injuries and sudden
illnesses do not result in
death, but rather result in
hospitalization, treatment in
an emergency department
or from a general
practitioner, or treatment
from a first aid provider.
“It is better to know first aid and not need it than to need first aid and not know it.”

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 The Importance of First Aid
 Everyone should be able to provide
first aid, because most people will
eventually find themselves in a
situation requiring it for another
person or themselves.
 Saving lives is important, but first
aid providers are more frequently
called upon to provide initial care
for less-severe conditions. If not
properly treated, these less-severe
injuries can evolve into something
more serious.
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 Facts about first aid
 The aims of first aid are to preserve life, prevent harm, and promote
recovery.

 In first aid, ABC stands for airway, breathing, and circulation.

 The recovery position helps minimize further injury.

 CPR stands for cardiopulmonary resuscitation. It helps maintain the flow

of oxygenated blood.

 While doing chest compressions, you may hear cracks. This is normal.

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 Facts about first aid
 In 1870, Prussian military surgeon Friedrich von Esmarch introduced
formalized first aid to the military, and first coined the term "erste hilfe"
(translating to 'first aid'), including training for soldiers in the Franco-
Prussian War on care for wounded comrades using pre-learnt bandaging
and splinting skills.
 First aid helps ensure that the right methods of administering medical
assistance are provided. Knowing how to help a person is just
as important in emergency situations. It only takes six minutes for the
human brain to expire due to lack of oxygen.

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The most common term referred to in first aid is ABC. This stands for airway,
breathing, and circulation. A fourth step will appear in the emergency procedures
for some facilities.

 Airway: Make sure the airway is clear.

 Breathing: Once the airways are confirmed to be clear, determine whether the
person can breathe, and, if necessary, provide rescue breathing.
 Circulation: If the person involved in the emergency situation is not breathing,
the first aider should go straight for chest compressions and rescue breathing.
The chest compressions will promote circulation. This saves valuable time. In
emergencies that are not life-threatening, the first aider needs to check
the pulse.
 Deadly bleeding or defibrillation: Some organizations consider dressing severe
wounds or applying defibrillation to the heart a separate fourth stage, while
others include this as part of the circulation step.

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 Basic First Aid Essentials

First Aid Manual Tweezers Alcohol Antibiotic Ointment

Bandages Gauze Pads Medical Tape Pain Relievers Cold Compress

Hot Compress Flashlight Scissors

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o Home first aid kits are usually used for treating
these types of minor traumatic injuries.
o Burns.
o Cuts.
o Abrasions (scrapes)
o Stings.
o Splinters.
o Sprains.
o Strains.

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Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is the most important
medical procedure of all. If a person is in cardiac arrest (the
heart is no longer pumping blood) and CPR is not
performed, that person will die. On the other hand,
performing CPR or using an automated external
defibrillator (AED) could save a life.

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Now let’s watch a short video
about the basic use of first aid
which is treating cuts and scrapes.

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Barriers to Exercising or Being More Active:
 Being prone to injuries
 Lack of exercise companion
 Embarrassed due to physical appearance
 Competitive nature of sports or activities
 Lack of equipment, facilities or exercise areas
 Lack of confidence
 Have tried exercising before but failed to see improvements
 Lack of time
 Lack of sports skills
 Lack of appropriate exercise apparel
 Too tired because of school work
 Have more important things to do
 Do not like to get sweaty
 No support from family and friends
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