BACTERIAL

METABOLISM
 METABOLISM

Catabolism = processes that harvest energy released

from the breakdown of compounds (eg, glucose), and
using that energy to synthesize ATP

Anabolism or biosynthesis = processes that utilize the

energy stored in ATP to synthesize and assemble the
subunits, or building blocks, of macromolecules that
make up the cell.
 ROLE OF METABOLISM

Metabolism has an important role in microbial growth

Microbial growth requires the polymerization of

biochemical building blocks into Macromolecules

Once the macromolecules have been synthesized, they

self-assemble to form the supramolecular structures of
the cell, eg, ribosomes, membranes, cell wall, flagella,
and pili.
 ENERGY METABOLISM

A.Substrate-level phosphorylation

is a metabolic reaction that results in the formation of

ATP or GTP by the direct transfer of a phosphoryl (PO3)
group to ADP or GDP from another phosphorylated
compound.

Substrate-level phosphorylation occurs in the glycolysis

and krebs cycle
 F E R M E N TAT I O N O F G LU CO S E

1. Glycolysis

Glycolysis is a metabolic
pathway found universally in
biological systems. It is the
metabolic pathway which
converts glucose via a series
of reactions to 2 molecules of
pyruvate. As a result of these
reactions, a small amount of
ATP and NADH are produced.
2. The Entner-Doudoroff Pathway

only occurs in prokaryotes and it

uses 6-phosphogluconate
dehydratase and 2-keto-3-
deoxyphosphogluconate aldolase
to create pyruvate from glucose.

has a net yield of 1 ATP and NADH

for every glucose molecule
processed.
3. Lactic acid fermentation

a.Homolactic
end product is lactic
acid.Pyruvate is reduced
to lactate or lactic acid
by the enzyme lactate
dehydrogenase
(Pyruvate reductase).

b. Heterolactid
end product is ethanol and CO2 in addition to lactic acid.
In this reaction glucose is first metabolized to pyruvate,
acetic acid and CO2 by Pentose phosphate pathway.
B. Respiration
C. Photosynthesis