Philippine Independence

Philippine-
American
Conflicts

Historical
Backround 1900s-peace
movements
 • Desire of freedom

• Love of country
Themes
of • Fight againts
Literature colonialism and
imperialism
Nationalism Experience

Freedom of Search and

Speech use a new
medium
 Influences of the American

•
Schools

• New Education System

• Cleanliness and Hygiene

• English Language

• Politics

• Freedom of Speech
 Pascual Poblete
• A pro-labor and
radical nationalist
newspaper advocates
independence under the
protection of the

NEWSPAPER
United States

• Founded by Pascual El Grito del Pueblo

Poblete in 1899 with a
Tagalog
version called “ Ang
Kapatid ng Bayan “
THREE SPANISH

GROUPS
ENGLISH
OF
WRITERS FILIPINO
THREE GOUPS OF
WRITERS: SPANISH
• The writers in Spanish were
accustomed to write on
nationalism like honoriong
Rizal and other heroes.
• Some writers: Cecilio Apostol,
Fernando Ma. Guerrero, Jesus
Balomori,Manuel Bernabe,
Claro M. Recto
Cecilio Apostol
• Masterpiece: A Rizal
• His Poems we used to teach
the Spanish Language.
• Pen name - Catulo
Fernando Maria Guirrero
• Masterpiece: Crisalidas
• Prince of Filipino lyric poets in
Spanish
• Favorite theme - external sadness
of things
Claro M. Recto
• Masterpiece: Bajo Los Cocoteros
( Under the Coconut Trees )
• Baajo Los Cocoteros was
published in 1911
• He is the Father of Philippine
Consitution
Jesus Balmori
• Works: Mi Casa de Nipa, Mi
Coza de Nipa
• Pen name Batikuling
• Poet Laureate in Spanish
• Premio Zobel award for
contributions to Philippine
Literature
Manuel Bernabe
• Translated Rubaiyat in
Spanish
• King of Balagtasan in
Spanish
 THREE GROUPS OF
WRITING: TAGALOG

Poets of the Heart (Makata ng Puso) Poets of the Stage (Makata ng

Tanghalan)
→ Lope K. Santos, Inigo Ed, Regalado,
Carloas Gatmaitan, Pedro Deogracias del →Aurelio Tolentino, Patricio Marciano,
Rosario, Ildefonso Santos, Amado V, Severino Reyes, and Tomas Remigio
Hernandez, Nemencio Carabana, and Mar
Antonio

Poets of Life (Makata ng Buhay)

→ Lope K. Santos, Jose Corazon De
Jesus, Florentino Collantes, Patricio
Mariano, Carlos Gatmaitan, and
Avaodo V. Hernandez
Lope K. Santos
• Masterpience: Banaag at Sikat
• Father of Filipino Grammar
• “Apo” of the Tagalog writers
THREE GROUPS OF
WRITRS: TAGALOG

A M A D O V. JOSE CORAZON AURELIO SEVERINO

HERNANDEZ DE JESUS TOLENTINO REYES
• Masterpiece: Luha ng • Masterpiece: Ang Isang • Mastepiece: Kahapon, • Masterpiece: Walang
Buwaya, Ang Panday Punong Kahoy (A Tree) Nagyon, Bukas Sugat
• First King of Balagtasan • The Legendary Lyric Poet • Coined the world “Dula” • Father of Tagalog Plays
• A pillar in Tagalog • King of Balagtasan • Father of Tagalog Drama • Father of the Tagalog
Literature • CCP Theater was named Zarzuela
after him- Tanghalang • Pen name-Lola Basyang
Aurelio Tolentiono,
 • The writers in English
imitated the themes and the
methods of the Americans.
THREE • The Period of the Re-
GROUP OF
Orientation (1898-1910)
WRITERS:
ENGLISH • The Period of Imitation
(1910-1925)
• The Period of Self-
Discovery (1925-1941)

ESSAYS
• Scholarly and
characterizedby sobriety ,
substance and stracture
• Political, social reflective
essays, personal or familiar
essays
• Carlo P. Romulo, Vicente
Hilario, Jorge C. Bocobo, and
Mauro Mendez
INFORMAL
SHORT STORIES
ESSAYS
• Imitation of Foreign • Works are spiced with
Models humor, wit, and satire
• Ignacio Manlapaz, • Ignacio Manlapaz, Godfredo
Rivera, Federico Mangahas,
Godfredo Rivera, Federico
Francisco B. Icasiano, Jose
Mangahas, Francisco B. Lansang, Salvador P. Lopez,
Icasiano, Jose Lansang, Amando G. Dayrit
Salvador P. Lopez, Amando
G. Dayrit

FRANCISCO BENITEZ
• First editor of the Philippine
Journal of Education
• Became the Dean of UP
College of Education
PAZ MARQUEZ BENITEZ
• First Filipino Modern English
Language short story writer
• On of the founders of Philippine
Women's College
• Dead Stars 1925
13
ZOLIO GALANG
• A Child of Sorrow (1921)- first
Philipine novel written in English
• Nadia (1929), Encyclopedia of
the Philippines (1957)
•Filipino encyclopedist and the 1st
English-language Filipino Novelist

Jose Garcia Villa Mannuel E. Arguilla
• National Artist of the Philippines for • How my Brother Leon Brought
Literature (1973) Home a Wife (1940)
• Pen name- Doveglion • Epilouge to Reconcillation (1936)
• Comma poet • Republic Cultural Heritage Award
1972
14
Nick Jaoquin
•Republic Cultural Heritage Award (1961)
•National Artist of the Philippine Literature (1976)
•Most important Filipino writer in English
•Penname - Quijano de Manila
•May Day Eve(1947), The Woman Who Had Two
Novels(1961), A Portrait of the Artist as a
Filipino(1966), Summer Solstice (1971)

Carmen Guererro Nakpil
• Lifetime achievement award 2005
for her outstanding achievement in
History
• Icon of Philippine Literature and
Journalism
15
N.V.M Gonzales
• Palanca Memorial Awardee for Literature
• National Artist Award for Literature (1997)
• Centennial Award for Literature (1998)
• The Winds of April, The Bambboo Dancers, A
season of Grace, Children of Ash- Covered
Loam
THANK YOU