Partial Replacement Of Metakaolin And GGBS With

Concrete And Its Effects On Durability Concrete

Project Guide: Presented By:

Mr. MohitVerma ShivaniYadav
Gla University, Marhura 18100014
 Content
 Introduction
 Literature Review
 Research Objective
 Tests For This Project
 References
 Introduction
 Pore structure affects permeability, frost resistance and physical
mechanical performance of the concrete.

 SCM(slag, silica fume, admixtures, metakaoline(MK) and GGBS, etc)

have unique effects on the concrete, some imparts in building strength
while other impart in improving pore structure development.

 This research analysis the effect of metakaolin(MK) and GGBS on

concrete strength and durability
 Literature Review
 Enhancing microstructure and durability of concrete from ground
granulated blast furnace slag and metakaolin as cement
replacement materials. (Ping Duana,*, Zhonghe Shuia), Wei
Chena, Chunhua Shenb (aWuhan University of Technology, State
Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan, China
bWuhan University of Technology, Center of Materials Research and
Analysis, Wuhan, China), (2012)

 Recycling of industrial wastes and by-products can help reduce the cost of
waste treatment prior to disposal and eventually preserve natural resources and
energy. In thiswork, the pore structure and interfacial transition zone (ITZ) of
concrete incorporating ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and
metakaolin (MK) were analyzed. Some techniques including mercury intrusion
porosimetry (MIP), microhardness tester and scanning electronic microscopy
(SEM) were employed to characterize the effects of GGBSand MK on the pore
structure, microhardness and morphology of ITZ at 28 days.
 This paper presents the results of a study on effects of ground granulated blast
furnace slag and metakaolin on pore structure,ITZ, compressive strength and
durability aspects of concrete and thermodynamic stability of hydrate
phases.The results and conclusion

 With the addition of GGBS and metakaolin, pore structure in concrete is

optimized and pore size distribution is more reasonable, ITZ becomes denser,
compressive strength of concrete increases gradually and durability aspects are
enhanced. The improving effect is in the sequence :compound of metakaolin
and GGBS> metakaolin >GGBS.
 An investigation on Portland cement replaced by high-volume GGBS
pastes modified with micro-sized metakaolin subjected to elevated
temperatures. (Alaa M. Rashad and Dina M. Sadek ) Building
Materials Research and Quality Control Institute, Housing & Building
National Research Center, HBRC, Cairo, Egypt Received 23 April 2016;
accepted 22 October 2016

 Ground granulated blast-furnace slag (designated as GGBS) has been utilized as

building material due to the environmental, economic and technical benefits. In
this study, the possibility of improving compressive strength of high-volume
GGBS (HVS) paste before and after being exposed to elevated temperatures
using metakaolin (MK) in micro-size (mMK) has been investigated. Portland
cement (PC) has been partially substituted with GGBS at level of 70%, by
weight, to produce HVS paste. Afterword, GGBS was partially substituted with
mMK at levels ranging from 2% to 10% with an increment of 2%, by weight.
 The results reported in this investigation provide new and useful data on the
HVS system. Possibility of improving compressive strength of HVS paste before
and after being exposed to different elevated temperatures using different
contents of MK in micro-size has been investigated. Cement was partially
replaced with 70% GGBS, by weight, to produce HVS paste. Then, GGBS was
partially substituted with 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10% mMK, by weight. The
specimens were exposed to elevated temperatures of 400, 600, 800 and 1000 C
for 2 h.
 mMK particles are much finer than GGBS particles as well as mMK has higher
content of Al2O3, which led to much higher pozzolanic activity. Consequently,
the compressive strength increased.
 An experimental study on optimum usage of GGBS for the compressive
strength of concrete(A. Oner a,*, S. Akyuz b a), Department of Civil Engineering,
Faculty of Engineering, Kocaeli University, 41010 Kocaeli, Turkey b Department
of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Istanbul Technical University,
Maslak, Istanbul 80626, Turkey Received 24 March 2006; received in revised form
27 December 2006; accepted 11 January 2007)

 This paper presents a laboratory investigation on optimum level of ground

granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS) on the compressive strength of concrete.
GGBS was added according to the partial replacement method in all mixtures. A
total of 32 mixtures were prepared in four groups according to their binder
content. Eight mixes were prepared as control mixtures with 175, 210, 245 and
280 kg/m3 cement content in order to calculate the Bolomey and Fe´ret
coefficients (KB, KF). For each group 175, 210, 245 and 280 kg/m3 . Test
concretes were obtained by adding GGBS to concretes in an amount equivalent
to approximately 0%, 15%, 30%, 50%, 70%, 90% and 110% of cement
contents of control concretes with 250, 300, 350 and 400 kg/m3 dosages. All
specimens were moist cured for 7, 14, 28, 63, 119, 180 and 365 days before
compressive strength testing. The test results proved that the compressive
strength of concrete mixtures containing GGBS increases as the amount of
GGBS increase.
 The following conclusions can be drawn from this experimental study:

 The compressive strength of GGBS concrete increases as the GGBS content is

increased up to an optimum point, after which the compressive strength
decreases. There is an optimum level for the efficient use of GGBS content,
which yields the highest strength.
 The optimum level of GGBS content for maximizing strength is at about 55–
59% of the total binder content.
 Research objective
 Effect of metakaolin(Mk) and GGBS on the strength of
concrete and durability.
 Carbonation Depth.
 Chloride Penetration Depth.
 Tests For This Project
 SEM Analysis
 Chloride Penetration Test
 Carbonation Test
 Freeze Thaw Test
 References
 Frias M, Cabrera J. Pore size distribution and degree of hydration of
metakaolin-cement pastes. Cem Concr Res. 2000;30:561-9.
 [2] Khatib JM, Wild S. Pore size distribution of metakaolin paste.Cem
Concr Res. 1996;26:1545-53.
 ASTM C1202-12. Standard test method for electrical indication of
concrete’s ability to resist chloride ion penetration.Philadelphia:
American Society for Testing and Materials.
 Chan WWJ, Wu CML. Durability of concrete with high cement
replacement. Cement Concrete Res 2000;30(6):865–79. [5] Mehta PK.
Pozzolanic and cementitious by-products as min.
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