OPTIMIZED HYBRID SVPWM STRATEGY BASED ON

MULTIPLE DIVISION OF ACTIVE VECTOR TIME FOR A

TWO LEVEL VSI

Project Review-2
By
S.MADHAVI
M.Tech (AEPS), 17021D3408

Under the esteemed Guidance of

B.NARESH
Assistant Professor

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING(A),KAKINADA
JNTUK,KAKINADA
1
 PROJECT WORK STATUS
Module Module Name Objective Work Status
No.
1. Literature survey To know the present Completed
Existing and Proposed
strategies of pulse width
modulation techniques
2. Mathematical To know the Completed
approach implementation of
switching pattern of
existed strategies
3 Modelling of To know the switching Completed
proposed strategy pattern in order to obtain
better performance
results
4. Future Status Comparison and analysis In Progress
of results of existing and
proposed switching
patterns
 CONTENTS

 Abstract
 Introduction
 Types of PWM techniques
 Concept of SVPWM
 SVPWM implementation
 Hybrid SVPWM strategy
 Multiple Division of Active Vector Time

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 ABSTRACT

• Several pulse width modulation (PWM) techniques have been used

for the voltage source inverter (VSI) - fed applications.
• The line current distortion and switching loss are considered as the
principal performance indices for evaluating various PWM
techniques.
• Bus clamping PWM techniques were used to reduce the
instantaneous error voltage that causes the ripple in flux linkages
which leads to distortion in the waveform and switching losses.
• This proposed hybrid SVPWM technique introduces multiple
division of active vector time (MDAVT) in a sub cycle to reduce
ripple and unique solution is presented to obtain the optimal
subdivision of active vectors.

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 INTRODUCTION

 The process of switching the electronic devices in a power

electronic converter from one state to another is called
modulation.
 Several PWM techniques have been used for voltage source
inverter fed applications.
 The carrier based(sine) PWM and space vector PWM
(SVPWM) are the two most popular methods in the available
modulation techniques.

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 SINE PWM TECHNIQUE :
 The most popular PWM approach is the sinusoidal PWM.
 In this method a triangular (carrier) wave is compared to a
sinusoidal wave of the desired fundamental frequency and the
relative levels of the two signals are used to determine the
pulse widths and control the switching of devices in each
phase leg of the inverter.
 Therefore, the pulse width is a sinusoidal function of the
angular position of the reference signal.

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7
SVPWM :

 The SVPWM strategies are broadly classified based on the

division of null (zero) vector between two zero states in a sub
cycle. They are:
1.Conventional SVPWM (CSVPWM) strategy .
2.Bus clamping SVPWM(BCSVPWM) strategy.
 The CSVPWM strategy is known as continuous SVPWM
strategy.
 BCSVPWM strategy is known as discontinuous strategy.

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1. CONVENTIONAL SVPWM :
 CSVPWM employs conventional switching sequence, which
divides the zero vector time equally between the two zero
states in every sub cycle.

 SVPWM technique has eight switching states, six active

vectors and two zero vector states.

 SVPWM refers to a special switching scheme of the six

switches of a three phase power converter.

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OBJECTIVE OF SVPWM :
The objective of SVPWM is to approximate a reference
space vector Vref using a combination of the eight switching
vectors.
The switching space vectors divide the axes into 6
equally sized sectors. The two null vectors V7(000) and
V8(111) are located at the origin.

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 CONCEPT OF SVPWM :
Space vector involves a constant amplitude vector rotating at a
constant frequency obtained from the three phase sinusoidal
forms.
The rotating vector is rotated in a stationary d-q co-ordinate
frame plane and made to imitate its equivalent three phase
rotating vector via two phase vectors. This is know as co-ordinate
transformation.
For three phase system,
V ref = VRN + VYN + VBN
V RN = V m sin (wt)
V YN = V m sin (wt – (2*л/3))
V BN = V m sin (wt + (2*л/3))
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Contd..

Vref = Vα + Vβ

Vα = VRN + VYN cos (2*л/3) + VBN cos(4*л/3)

= VRN - (1/2)VYN – (1/2) VBN
= VRN + (1/2)VYN = (3/2) VRN
Vβ = VRN cos (3л/2) + VYN cos (л/6) + VBN cos(5л/6)
= 0 – (√3/2) VYN + (√3/2) VBN
= (√3/2) (VYN - VBN)

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STEPS TO IMPLEMENT SVPWM :

The steps involved in implementing SVPWM are

 Determination of Vα, Vβ ,Vref and angle(α).

 Determination of switching times of T1 ,T2 ,T0.
 Determination of sectors .

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STEP1

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STEP 2

STEP 3

Switching time for every sector is calculated and the

corresponding switches which define the state are triggered
for the calculated time. This is done for all the required
sectors.
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SECTOR IDENTIFICATION

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SIMULINK MODEL OF CSVPWM

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SWITCHING SEQUENCE (0127-7210) OF
CONVENTIONAL SVPWM OF SECTOR 1:

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 Modulating waves of CSVPWM Strategy
1
phase a 0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
0 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 0.025 0.03 0.035 0.04

1
0.8
phase b

0.6
0.4
0.2
0
0 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 0.025 0.03 0.035 0.04

1
0.8
phase c

0.6
0.4
0.2
0
0 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 0.025 0.03 0.035 0.04
Time (sec)
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 2.BUS CLAMPING SPACE VECTOR PWM :
• This technique is an advanced concept of PWM techniques.

• The advantages of this technique are that it reduces current

repulsions and reduces switching losses compared to
CSVPWM. This PWM technique is divided into more
techniques depending on the period of clamping.

• These are known as 30, 45 and 60 degree bus-clamping. 30

and 60 degree bus clamping techniques are widely used and
are well known.

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30 ͦ CLAMPING
The switching sequence of this technique are (012-210) in
sector 1.

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60 ͦ CLAMPING

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ADVANCED BUS CLAMPING TECHNIQUES :

 These bus-clamping PWM techniques employ a special type of

switching sequence in every sub cycle. As a result, while one phase
remains clamped, the second phase switches once, and the third
phase switches twice in a sub cycle.
 Here multiple application of an active vector within a sub cycle is
employed which leads to sequences 0121 and 7212.
 Sequence 7212 leads to clamping of -phase to the positive dc bus,
while sequence 0121 results in clamping of -phase to the negative dc
bus.

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DOUBLE SWITCHING SEQUENCES :

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SWITCHING SEQUENCE OF ALL BUS CLAMPING
TECHNIQUES

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SIMULINK MODEL

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MODULATING WAVES OF CONTINUAL CLAMPING STRATEGY
modulating waves of continual clamping
1

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6
votages Va Vb Vc

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0
0 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 0.025 0.03 0.035 0.04
Time 27
 MODULATING WAVES OF SPLIT CLAMPING STARTEGY
Modulating waves of split clamping
1

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6
voltages Va Vb Vc

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0
0 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 0.025 0.03 0.035 28 0.04
Time
THD in Continual Clamping strategy

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THD in Split Clamping strategy

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PROPOSED HYBRID SVPWM STRATEGY :

 The proposed strategy presents a new advanced bus-clamped

SVPWM technique to reduce line current harmonic distortion
as well as switching loss.
 The proposed sequence introduces multiple division of active
vector time (MDAVT) in a sub cycle.
 The design of a hybrid SVPWM technique involves two steps,
mainly
1) selection of a set of switching sequences.
2) determination of boundaries of the various subsectors .

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contd..

 The design of proposed hybrid SVPWM strategy depends on

the switching times of multiple division of active vector time.
 A unique solution is presented to obtain the optimal
subdivision of active vectors and the objective function is
chosen with respect to rms error.
 The optimal value corresponding to the minimum rms
ripple should satisfy the absolute minimum area criteria.
Therefore, minimum absolute area is taken for the
analysis of the proposed sequence.

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 Optimization methods :

There are two methods:

 Sine approximation method.

 Linear approximation method.

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SINE APPROXIMATION METHOD

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LINEAR APPROXIMATION METHOD

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SWITCHING SEQUENCE OF MDAVT

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 REFERENCES
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THANK YOU

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