Avogadro’s law

3.1. apply Avogadro’s law;

- perform calculations involving molar
volumes.
• Avogadro’s law states that equal volumes
of all gases at the same temperature and
pressure have equal numbers of
molecules.
• At r.t.p. 1 mol of gas occupies 24.0 dm3.
• At s.t.p. it occupies 22.4 dm3.
• The stoichiometry of a reaction can be
deduced by applying Avogadro’s law.
1. Calculate the mass of ethane in 240cm3 of ethane gas
a r.t.p.
2. Calculate the volume of carbon dioxide formed at
r.t.p. when 7.50g of ethane is completely burnt in
excess oxygen.
3. A mixture of 40cm3 of hydrogen and 20cm3 of
oxygen is reacted together. At the end of the reaction
there is only water present. Use Avogadro’s law to
deduce the stoichiometry of the reaction.
4. Propane contains carbon and hydrogen only. When
25cm3 of propane reacts with exactly 125cm3 oxygen,
75cm3 of carbon dioxide is formed. Deduce the
molecular formula of propane and write a balance
equation for the reaction.
• The molecular formula of a simple
molecular compound can be deduced
from combustion data by applying
Avogadro’s law.

CxHy + (x + y/4) O2 → x CO2 + y/2 H2O

10cm3 of a gaseous hydrocarbon required 20 cm3 of

oxygen for complete combustion. 10 cm3 of carbon
dioxide was produced. Calculate the molecular
formula of the hydrocarbon.
 HOMEWORK #1
10 cm3 of a gaseous hydrocarbon were mixed
with 45 cm3 of oxygen and exploded in a reaction
chamber. After cooling to room temperature, the
residual gases occupied 30 cm3. by absorption
with NaOH solution, a decrease in volume of
20cm3 was produced. The remaining gas was
shown to be oxygen. Determine the molecular
formula of the hydrocarbon. (Pressure remained
constant at 1 atm.)
 Homework
 Chemistry for Cape. Page 79. Question 7.