Sentences can be active or passive.

Therefore,
tenses also have "active forms" and "passive forms."
You must learn to recognize the difference to
successfully speak English

1. Active Form
 In active sentences, the thing doing the
action is the subject of the sentence and
the thing receiving the action is the
object. Most sentences are active.
[Thing doing action] + [verb] + [thing
receiving action]
2. Passive Form
In passive sentences, the thing receiving the
action is the subject of the sentence and the thing
doing the action is optionally included near the end of
the sentence. You can use the passive form if you think
that the thing receiving the action is more important or
should be emphasized. You can also use the passive
form if you do not know who is doing the action or if you
do not want to mention who is doing the action.

[Thing receiving action] + [be] + [past participle of

verb] + [by] + [thing doing action]
 Active form
thing doing action] + [verb] + [thing receiving action

1. Polisi Menangkap Dia

Police Arrestes Him
Subject Doing Action Verb Object Receieving Action
PASSIVE FORM
Thing receiving action] + [be] + [past participle of
verb] + [by] + [thing doing action]

Dia ditangkap Oleh Polisi

He is Arested by The Police

S + Is/Am/Are + V3 =
Present Tense
S + WAS/WERE + V3
Past Tense
1. Hakim telah mengambil Keputusan
The Judge Took a Decision
Keputusan diambil oleh hakim
(The decision was taken over by judge)

2. Polisi telah Menangkap Teroris

The Police Caught Teroris
Teroris ditangkap oleh polisi
(Terroris was caught by police)
B. S + Is/Am/Are + Being + V3
Present Continous
1. Hakim Sedang mentup Kasus Ini
Judge is Closing This Case
Kasus ini sedang ditutup oleh hakim
(This case is being closed by judge)
2. Jaksa Sedang Menghadirkan saya sebagai saksi
The Procelitor is Presenting me as witness
Saya sedang dihadirkan sebagai saksi oleh jaksa
(I am being presented as witness by proceitor)
3. Masalah-masalah hukum sedang
dikonsultasikan oleh ahlinya
(Problems of law are being consulted by their expert)
C. S + Shall/Will/Can/May/Must + Be + V3 )
Future Tense

1. Keputusan pengadilan akan dikonsultasikan oleh

penasehat hukum

The court decision shall be consulted by

lawyer

2. Pembuat onar akan ditangkap oleh polisi

(The trouble maker will be arrested by police )

 Exercise
 Agus Painted The Car Amazingly
 I Read a Law Books Every Morning
 Ardy Is Buying New Car In This Week
 Susi is Writing The Letter For
President
 The President will Take a Freeport
Contract Decision Next Week
 The Minister Of Foreign Affair Will
Open Youth Asean Forum Next Month
D. S + Have/Has/Had + Been + V3

1. Dia telah diputuskan masuk penjara oleh hakim

selama dua bulan

(She has been decided come in the jail for two

month)

2. Mereka telah diarahkan untuk mencari keadilan

dipengadilan oleh mahasiswa

(They have been directed to look for justice in the

court by the student)
 3. Pemilihan Umum anggota Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat

telah diselenggarakan oleh Komisi Pemilihan

Umum

(General Election for House of Representative had

been carried out by Comission for General Election )

 PASSIVE VOICE
This text consist of 50 words about the passive voice. Give underlined !

Every year about seventeen million animals are used

in laboratory experiments. but in many countries today, a
difficult question is being asked: do we have the right to use
animals in this way? The fact that humans benefit cannot be
used to justify using animals in research anymore than it can
be used to justify experimenting on other humans. Animals
suffer a lot during these experiments. They are forced to live
in small cages, and they may be unable to move.
 Much of the research that is carried out is
unnecessary anyway. Those who agree with the cloning at
animals usually argue that the seed produced from them
can be used to everlasting rare species. Not everyone is
excited about cloning at animals, however . some people
feel that it could have a terrible consequence
 The time we live in has been called the age of
information. variety programs can be selected and
certainty censored. Many damages to the crop are
caused by volcanic eruption. The test must be
done by the students well. Some flowers are being
bought by Paul for his party. The volcanic eruption
was being watched by many tourist while it erupted
.My wallet was stolen by someone in the crowded
street.
 Some books have been borrowed by Patrick for her

research in the library. Volcanic soil should be used by

farmers to make their plant grow well. Natural scenery is

being painted by the painter on the hill. The volcanic

eruptions were observed by many experts using binoculars.

The students are asked by the teacher to discuss about

volcanic explosion

The trouble maker must be arrested by police to

stabilize the situation. The meeting was postponed by the

committee because of rain. The destruction of the village has

been caused by the flood.

 Fifteen year later the US dollars could be exchanged for
about $ 1,20 in Canadian money. A model is coated with wax. The
solidified wax is encased in a two-layer meld of plaster or clay.
Then it is melted or otherwise removed from the meld, and metal
is poured into the space where the wax had been made. After
cooling, the meld is broken to free the metal object This ancient
method is used to produce sculpture, jewelery, and utilitarian
products such as dentures. An X-ray is radiated through one’s
body , it can be used for detecting his/her internal body organs.
The X-ray was invented by a German scientist,
 Solar Energy can be exploited in bright light. solar
cells are needed to convert the sunlight directly into
electricity. The first three are situated in Great Britain.
The island is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean. All this
has been done to raise the quality of the environment
and to produce a balance of nature. Many rare species
are threatened with extinction. Oranghutan are found in
the natural habitat in the forest.
 If things are allowed to continue in this way, it is feared
that very soon all will disappear from our forest. Some areas
are designated wildlife reserves where hunters cannot enter.
Anelephants are protected by law, the people can kill any of
them. Many love the place where they were born very much.

The animal felt their domain was being narrowed by

man. They felt quiet life had been disturbed by the lumber
felling projects. A doubled population means that more land will
be needed to grow food. More land will be used for building
roads for the increased number of vehicles