Personal

Protective
Equipment
Prepared by:
Kelly Dionisio
 What is PPE?
It refers to protective clothing, helmets, goggles, or other
garments or equipment designed to protect the wearer's
body from injury or infection.

PROTECTIVE PROTECTIVE
CLOTHING GEAR

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The use of appropriate PPE has been proven to

dramatically reduce the risk of accidents,
injuries, and/or contamination of employees.

The hazards addressed by protective

equipment include:
THE
IMPORTANCE ▫ physical ▫ chemicals

OF PPE ▫ electrical ▫ biohazards

▫ heat ▫ airborne particulate
matter
 WHO SHOULD
PROVIDE PPE?
Labor Code of the Philippines Rule No. 1080.
Under this legislation:

The cost of providing

Employers have duties
PPE must be covered by Employees must take
concerning the
the employer and reasonable steps to
selection, provision,
employees should not ensure that PPE
maintenance, storage
be expected to provided is used
and correct use of
contribute in any way, properly and
personal protective
towards the provision or responsibly.
equipment.
maintenance of PPE.

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 WHAT ARE THE BUSINESS BENEFITS OF
INVESTING IN PPE?

1) Avoid and reduce injury and sickness – PPE reduces the effects of injury and can
prevent accidents and injury from happening at all. By lowering these risks, sickness
absence is reduced and the headache of paperwork and time involved in near miss and
RIDDOR reporting is avoided.

2) Fulfil legal health and safety obligations – avoiding accidents, investigations and
prosecutions.

3) Looking after workers – Healthy and safe workers are also happy and productive ones.
Keeping your staff happy results in increased productivity, higher staff morale, lower
staff turnover and reduced sickness absence.

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 WHAT ARE THE BUSINESS BENEFITS OF
INVESTING IN PPE?

5) Avoid HSE investigations – by staying compliant, you avoid prosecutions (for the
company and its Directors), fines and legal fees, compensation payouts and costs to
the business of the associated bad press.

6) Cost savings – the money invested in PPE is covered by savings gained from other
benefits such as lower staff turnover, a reduction in sickness absence and avoiding
costs relating to prosecutions.

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• When it is necessary

Training on PPE
• What kind is necessary

Employers are also

required to train each • How to properly put it on, adjust, wear
worker required to use and take it off
personal protective
equipment to know:
• The limitations of the equipment

• Proper care, maintenance, useful life, and

disposal of the equipment
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using the right keeping replacement PPE

Maintenance replacement parts which available
match the original, eg
respirator filter
PPE must be properly
looked after and stored
when not in use. If it is
reusable it must be
who is responsible for having a supply of
cleaned and kept in good
condition. maintenance and how it is appropriate disposable
to be done suits which are useful for
Think about:
dirty jobs where laundry
costs are high, eg for
visitors who need
protective clothing
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Monitor and Review

▫ Check regularly that PPE is

used. If it isn’t, find out why
not.
▫ Safety signs can be a useful
reminder that PPE should
be worn.
▫ Take note of any changes in
equipment, materials and
methods – you may need to
update what you provide.
 “
All personal protective equipment has
limitations. That is why PPE is reffered to as
the last line of defense and why
administrative and engineering controls are
utilized before determining PPE use .
Specified hazards require specific PPE
selection. No one material protects against
every hazard.

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Misunderstood or misused PPE may

provide a false sense of security

LIMITATIONS May restrict movement, dexterity,

Of PPE field of vision, communication, or
comfort

Must be maintained properly to be

effective. When contaminated, PPE
must be changed.
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Other advice on PPE

 Never allow exemptions from

wearing PPE for those jobs
that ‘only take a few minutes‘.

 Check with your supplier on

what PPE is appropriate –
explain the job to them.

 If in doubt, seek further

advice from a specialist
adviser.
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Head and Hair

Protection
 1084.01: HEAD PROTECTION

(1) Hard hats for the protection of workers from impact penetration from falling and flying objects, blows,
and from limited electric shock and burns shall be provided where there is reasonable probability of
exposure to such hazards.
(2) Hard hats shall be made of non-combustible or slow-burning materials and when used in electrical
environment shall be non-conductor of electricity.
(3) The total weight of complete hard hat should not be more than 0.45 kgs. (16 ounces).
(4) Hard hats shall have a brim all around to provide protection for the head, face and back of the neck.
(5) Hard hats without brims and low crowns may be allowed only in confined spaces.
(6) The cradle and sweatband of hard hats shall be detachable and replaceable.
(7) For work in excessive moisture, hard hats shall be water-proof-material.
(8) For the purpose of proper selection, design, construction, testing and use of head protectors the
American National Standards Safety Requirement for Industrial Head Protection (ANSI z59-1-1969) is
adopted.

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Both standards require workers to wear hard hats

when there is a potential for head injury from
impacts, falling or flying objects, or electric shocks.

The most common head 29 CR 1910.135 29 CR 1926.100

protection especially for governs hard hat head protection
those who work in the requirements for requirements for
general industry construction,
field is hard hat. OSHA demolition, and
workers
has two standards that renovation workers
govern hard hat
requirements:
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Resist penetration by Absorb the shock of a

In general, objects. blow.
protective helmets
or hard hats
should do the Have clear instructions
following: Be water-resistant explaining proper
adjustment and
and slow burning. replacement of the
suspension and headband.
TYPE USES

Reduces impact from a

Type I
blow to the top of the head.

Protects from blows to

Type II the top of the head and the
sides of the head.

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 Class A helmets provide
Classes electrical protection from
low-voltage conductors (less
than 2,200 volts).
Class C helmets provide only
impact and penetration
protection and since they
are usually made of
aluminum, which conducts
electricity, that should not be
used around electrical
hazards.
Class B helmets provide
electrical protection from
high voltage conductors (less
than 20,000 volts).
Another class of protective
headgear on the market is
called a “bump hat,” designed
for use in areas with low head
clearance
 Head protection that is either too large or
too small is inappropriate for use, even if
it meets all other requirements.

SIZE AND CARE

CONSIDERATIONS

Periodic cleaning and Some protective headgear allows

inspection will extend the for the use of various accessories
useful life of protective to help employees deal with
headgear. changing environmental conditions,
such as slots for earmuffs, safety
glasses, face shields and mounted
lights.

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 1084.02: HAIR PROTECTION

(1) All persons with long hair employed around machinery shall completely cover their
hair with well-fitting caps or other equivalent protection.

(2) Caps shall be of materials not easily flammable and sufficiently durable to withstand
regular laundering, disinfecting and cleaning.

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Respiratory
Protection
1083.01: The primary corrective measure in the control of occupational diseases caused by harmful dusts, fogs,
fumes, mists, gases, smokes, sprays or vapors shall be to prevent atmospheric contamination.
1083.02: Appropriate respirators shall be furnished by the employer when such equipment are necessary to protect
the health of the employees.
1083.03: The employee shall use the respiratory protection in accordance with instruments.
1083.04: RESPIRATORY PROTECTIVE PROGRAM:
In order to effectively implement the provisions of Rule 1083, the employer shall institute a respiratory protective
program
1083.05: SELECTING OF RESPIRATORS:
For purposes of proper selection, design, construction, testing and use of respirators, the American National Standards
Practices for Respiratory Protection (ANSI z88.-21059) is adopted.
1083.06: USE OF RESPIRATORS:
1. Standard procedures shall be developed for the use of respirators.
2. Written procedures shall be prepared covering safe use of respirators in dangerous atmospheres that might be
encountered in normal operations or in emergencies.
3. For the safe use of any respirator, the user shall be properly instructed in its selection, use and maintenance.
1083.07: MAINTENANCE AND CARE OF RESPIRATORS:
inspection for defects (including leak check), cleaning and disinfecting, and repair and storage.

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MONITORS

Types of FILTER
RESPIRATORS
RESPIRATORY
PROTECTION POWERED RESPIRATORS

LIGHTWEIGHT
RESPIRATORS

DETECTORS
 Types of Respiratory Protection:

FULL – FACED
FILTER RESPIRATOR N – 95 RESPIRATORS
RESPIRATOR

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Eye & Face

Protection
1082.01: Eyes and face protective equipment shall be required where there is
reasonable probability of exposure to such hazards.

Eye protection shall be provided where the processes or operations present

hazards of flying objects, liquids, injurious radiation, glare or a combination of
these hazards.

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Examples of potential eye or face injuries include:
Dust, dirt, metal or wood
chips entering the eye from
activities such as chipping,
grinding, sawing, hammering,
the use of power tools or
even strong wind forces
Objects swinging into the eye
or face, such as tree limbs,
chains, tools or ropes.
Radiant energy from welding,
harmful rays from the use of
lasers or other radiant light
(as well as heat, glare, sparks,
splash and flying particles).
Chemical splashes from
corrosive substances, hot
liquids, solvents or other
hazardous solutions.
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SAFETY SPECTACLES. These protective eyeglasses have

Types of Safety safety frames constructed of metal or plastic and impact-
resistant lenses. Side shields are available on some models.
Eye Protection

GOGGLES. These are tight-fitting eye protection that

completely cover the eyes, eye sockets and the facial area
immediately surrounding the eyes and provide protection
from impact, dust and splashes.

WELDING SHIELDS. Constructed of vulcanized fiber or

fiberglass and fitted with a filtered lens, welding shields
protect eyes from burns caused by infrared or intense
radiant light; they also protect both the eyes and face from
flying sparks, metal spatter and slag chips produced during
welding, brazing, soldering and cutting operations.
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LASER SAFETY GOGGLES. These specialty goggles protect

against intense concentrations of light produced by lasers.
Types of Safety The type of laser safety goggles an employer chooses will
Eye Protection depend upon the equipment and operating conditions in
the workplace.

FACE SHIELDS. These transparent sheets of plastic extend

from the eyebrows to below the chin and across the entire
width of the employee’s head. Some are polarized for glare
protection. Face shields protect against nuisance dusts and
potential splashes or sprays of hazardous liquids but will
not provide adequate protection against impact hazards.
Face shields used in combination with goggles or safety
spectacles will provide additional protection against
impact hazards.
 Types of Eye Protection SAFETY SPECTACLES

WELDING SHIELDS

GOGGLES

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 Types of Eye Protection
LASER SAFETY GOGGLES FACE SHIELDS

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Welding Operations
The intensity of light or
radiant energy produced by
welding, cutting or brazing
operations varies according
to a number of factors
including the task producing
the light, the electrode size
and the arc current.
Laser Operations
Laser retinal burns can be
painless, so it is essential
that all personnel in or
around laser operations
wear appropriate eye
protection. Laser safety
goggles should protect for
the specific wavelength of
the laser and must be of
sufficient optical density for
the energy involved.
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Hearing
Protection
 “
Industrial noise is often discounted as an occupational
hazard since it isn’t visible to the eye. However, 22
million workers in the United States are exposed to
potentially harmful noise levels annually. According to
the National Institute for Occupational Safety and
Health, about 82% of occupational hearing loss cases
occurred to workers in the manufacturing sector.

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 The loudness of the noise as measured in

decibels (dB).

 The duration of each employee’s exposure

Employee exposure to to the noise.
excessive noise
depends upon a
number of factors:  Whether employees move between work
areas with different noise levels.

 Whether noise is generated from one or

multiple sources.
PERMISIBLE NOISE EXPOSURES

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 “
ATTENUATION
Hearing protectors reduce only the amount of noise that
gets through to the ears. It differs according to the type
of hearing protection used and how well it fits.

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 Special Purpose Shoes

PRE-FORMED OR
SINGLE-USE EARPLUGS EARMUFFS
MOLDED EARPLUGS

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Hand and Arm

Protection
AS PER RULE 1080 TAKEN FROM OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS AS
AMENDED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR AND EMPLOYMENT

1085.01: When selecting gloves, consideration should be given to the hazards to which the wearer may be exposed
to and the ease and free movement of the fingers.
1085.02: Gloves shall not be worn by workers operating drills, punch presses or other machinery in which the hand
may be caught by moving parts.
1085.03: Gloves, mittens, and leathers or pads for workers handling sharp edged or abrasive objects shall be made
of tough materials and where necessary provided with special reinforcement.
1085.04 : Gloves, mittens and sleeves for workers handling hot metals shall be made of suitable heat resisting
material.
1085.05: Gloves and sleeves for electrical workers shall be made of rubber or other suitable materials conforming
with the test requirements on dielectric strength.
1085.06: Gauntlets for workers handling corrosive substances, such as acids and caustics, shall be made of natural
rubber, synthetic rubber or pliable plastic material resistant to corrosion.
1085.07: Gauntlets for protecting workers against the action of toxic, irritating or infectious substances shall: (1)
cover the forearm as much as possible, (2) have a close fit at the upper end and (3) not have the slightest break.

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Area requiring
Type of chemicals
protection (hand
handled.
only, forearm, arm).

Nature of contact
The following are (total immersion, Thermal protection.
examples of some splash, etc.).
factors that may
influence the
selection of Duration of contact. Size and comfort.
protective gloves
for a workplace;

Grip requirements Abrasion/resistance

(dry, wet, oily). requirements.
 Leather, Canvas or Metal Mesh Gloves provide protection against
cuts and burns. Leather or canvass gloves also protect against
sustained heat.
Leather gloves protect against sparks,
moderate heat, blows, chips and rough
objects.

Synthetic gloves of various materials offer

protection against heat and cold, are cut- and
abrasive-resistant and may withstand some
diluted acids. These materials do not stand up
against alkalis and solvents.

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 Leather, Canvas or Metal Mesh Gloves provide protection against
cuts and burns. Leather or canvass gloves also protect against
sustained heat.

Aramid fiber gloves protect against heat

and cold, are cut- and abrasive-resistant
and wear well.

Aluminized gloves provide reflective and

insulating protection against heat and
require an insert made of synthetic
materials to protect against heat and
cold.

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Fabric gloves protect

against dirt, slivers,
chafing and abrasions.
They do not provide
sufficient protection for  Fabric and Coated
use with rough, sharp or
heavy materials. Adding Fabric Gloves are
a plastic coating will made of cotton or
strengthen some fabric
gloves. other fabric to
provide varying
Coated fabric gloves are
degrees of
normally made from protection.
cotton flannel with
napping on one side.
These gloves are used for
tasks ranging from
handling bricks and wire
to chemical laboratory
containers.
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 Chemical- and Liquid- Butyl gloves are made

Resistant Gloves are of a synthetic rubber and
made with different protect against a wide
kinds of rubber. As a variety of chemicals.
general rule, the Butyl gloves also resist
thicker the glove oxidation, ozone
corrosion and abrasion,
material, the greater
and remain flexible at
the chemical low temperatures. Butyl
resistance but thick rubber does not perform
gloves may impair well with aliphatic and
grip and dexterity, aromatic hydrocarbons
having a negative and halogenated
impact on safety. solvents.
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Natural (latex) rubber

gloves are comfortable to
wear, which makes them a
 Chemical- and Liquid- popular general-purpose
Resistant Gloves are glove. They feature
outstanding tensile strength,
made with different elasticity and
kinds of rubber. As a temperature resistance. In
general rule, the addition to resisting abrasions
caused by grinding and
thicker the glove polishing, these gloves protect
material, the greater employees’ hands from most
the chemical water solutions of acids,
alkalis, salts and ketones.
resistance but thick Latex gloves have caused
gloves may impair allergic reactions in some
individuals and may not be
grip and dexterity, appropriate for all employees.
having a negative Hypoallergenic gloves, glove
impact on safety. liners and powderless gloves
are possible alternatives for
employees who are allergic to
latex gloves.
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 Chemical- and Liquid- Neoprene gloves are

Resistant Gloves are made of synthetic
made with different rubber and offer good
kinds of rubber. As a pliability, finger dexterity,
general rule, the high density and tear
thicker the glove resistance. They protect
against hydraulic fluids,
material, the greater
gasoline, alcohols,
the chemical organic acids and alkalis.
resistance but thick They generally have
gloves may impair chemical and wear
grip and dexterity, resistance properties
having a negative superior to those made
impact on safety. of natural rubber.
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Nitrile gloves are made of

a copolymer and provide
 Chemical- and Liquid- protection from
Resistant Gloves are chlorinated solvents.
Although intended for jobs
made with different requiring dexterity and
kinds of rubber. As a sensitivity, nitrile gloves
general rule, the stand up to heavy use
thicker the glove even after prolonged
exposure to substances
material, the greater
that cause other gloves to
the chemical deteriorate. They offer
resistance but thick protection when working
gloves may impair with oils, greases, acids,
grip and dexterity, caustics and alcohols but
are generally not
having a negative recommended for use with
impact on safety. strong oxidizing agents,
aromatic solvents, ketones
and acetates.
Protective gloves should be inspected before each use
to ensure that they are not torn, punctured or made
ineffective in any way. A visual inspection will help
detect cuts or tears but a more thorough inspection by
filling the gloves with water and tightly rolling the cuff Any gloves with impaired protective
towards the fingers will help reveal any pinhole leaks. ability should be discarded and
replaced.

CARE OF
Reuse of chemical-resistant gloves
PROTECTIVE should be evaluated
GLOVES carefully, taking into consideration
the absorptive
qualities of the gloves. A decision
to reuse
Gloves that are discolored or stiff
chemically-exposed gloves should
may also indicate deficiencies
take into
caused by excessive use or
consideration the toxicity of the
degradation from chemical
chemicals involved and
exposure.
factors such as duration of
exposure, storage and
temperature.
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Body
Protection
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Potential impacts
Temperature
from tools, machinery
The following are extremes
and materials
examples of
workplace hazards
that could cause Hot splashes from
bodily injury: molten metals and Hazardous chemicals.
other hot liquids
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Employees who face possible bodily

injury of any kind that cannot be
eliminated through engineering, work
practice or administrative controls,
must wear appropriate body
protection while performing their
jobs.
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Employers are required to ensure that their

employees wear personal protective
equipment only for the parts of the body
exposed to possible injury. Examples of
body protection include laboratory coats,
coveralls, vests, jackets, aprons, surgical
gowns and full body suits. If a hazard
assessment indicates a need for full body
protection against toxic substances or
harmful physical agents, the clothing
should be carefully inspected before each
use, it must fit each employee properly and
it must function properly and for the
purpose for which it is intended.
 TYPES OF PROTECTIVE CLOTHING

Leather is often used to protect against

dry heat and flames.

Treated wool and cotton

adapts well to changing
temperatures, is
comfortable, and fire-
resistant and protects
against dust, abrasions and
rough and irritating
surfaces.

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TYPES OF PROTECTIVE CLOTHING

Duck is a
closely woven
Paper-like
cotton fabric
fiber used for
that protects
disposable
against cuts
suits provide
and bruises
protection
when handling
against dust
heavy, sharp
and splashes.
or rough
materials.

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 TYPES OF PROTECTIVE CLOTHING
Rubber, rubberized
fabrics, neoprene
and plastics protect
against certain
chemicals and
physical hazards.
When chemical or
physical hazards are
present, check with
the clothing
manufacturer to
ensure that the
material selected will
provide protection
against the specific
hazard.

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Foot and Leg

Protection
 “
ANSI Z41-1991 (American
National Standard for Personal
Protection-Protective Footwear)

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who face possible foot or leg injuries

WHY ? 
from falling or rolling objects or from
crushing or penetrating materials.
To protect
those:  whose work involves exposure to hot
substances or corrosive or poisonous
materials

 whose feet may be exposed to

electrical hazards, non-conductive
footwear
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 When heavy objects such as barrels or tools
might roll onto or fall on the employee’s feet.

WHEN ?  When working with sharp objects such as

nails or spikes that could pierce the soles or
uppers of ordinary shoes.

 When expose to molten metal that might

splash on feet or legs.

 When working on or around hot, wet or

slippery surfaces.

When working when electrical hazards are
present.
 Foot and leg protection choices include the following:

LEGGINGS protect the lower legs

and feet from heat hazards such as
molten metal or welding sparks.
Safety snaps allow leggings to be
removed quickly.

METATARSAL GUARDS protect the

instep area from impact and
compression. Made of aluminum, steel,
fiber or plastic, these guards may be
strapped to the outside of shoes.

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 Foot and leg protection choices include the following:

COMBINATION FOOT AND SHIN guards TOE GUARDS fit over the toes of regular
protect the lower legs and feet, and may be shoes to protect the toes from impact and
used in combination with toe guards when compression hazards. They may be made of
greater protection is needed. steel, aluminum or plastic.

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 Foot and leg protection choices include the following:

SAFETY SHOES have

impact-resistant toes and
heat-resistant soles that
protect the feet against hot
work surfaces common in
roofing, paving and hot
metal industries

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 Special Purpose Shoes

ELECTRICALLY ELECTRICAL HAZARD,

FOUNDRY SHOES
CONDUCTIVE SHOES SAFETY - TOE SHOE

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 Employees should follow the
manufacturers’ recommendations
for cleaning and maintenance of
protective footwear. Looking for cracks or holes,
separation of materials, broken
buckles or laces.

CARE OF
Safety footwear should be
inspected prior to each use. PROTECTIVE
FOOT WEAR
The soles of shoes should be
checked for pieces of metal or
other embedded items that could
Shoes and leggings should be present electrical or tripping
checked for wear and tear at hazards.
reasonable intervals.

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Safety Belts, Life

lines, and Safety
Nets
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 Workmen working in unguarded surface

above open pits or tanks, steep slopes,
WHEN ? moving machinery and similar locations, or
working from unguarded surfaces six (6)
meters (20 ft.) or more above water or
ground, temporary or permanent floor
platform, scaffold construction or where
otherwise exposed to the possibility of falls
hazardous to life or limb, shall be secured by
safety belts and life lines. In situations where
safety belts and life lines in guarded
platforms and scaffolds or temporary floors
are not feasible, safety nets shall be provided
and installed.
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 Window washers or cleaners working outside

buildings six (6) meters (20 ft.) or more
WHEN ? above the ground.

 Workmen entering a sewer, flue, duct, or

other similarly confined places shall be
provided and required to wear safety belts
with life lines attached and held by another
person stationed at the opening ready to
respond to agreed signals.

 Workers who are required to climb and work

on top of poles six (6) meters or more shall
use safety belts.
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 Safety belts shall be made of chromed tanned

leather, linen or cotton webbing, or other suitable
REQUIREMENTS materials at least 11.5 cm. (4 1/2 in.) wide and 0.65
cm. (1/4 in.) thick and of sufficient strength to
support a weight of 114 kgs. (250 lbs.) without
breaking.

 Belt anchors shall be made of metal machined from

bar stock, forged or heat treated, capable of
supporting a pull of 2730 kgs. (6,000 lbs.) without
fracture applied in the direction which the anchor
must withstand should a man fall. Metals
recommended for belt anchors are nickel copper
alloy and stainless steel.
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 Life lines shall be made of good quality manila rope of

REQUIREMENTS at least 1.9 cm. (3/4 in.) diameter or equivalent
material such as nylon rope of at least 1.27 cm. (1/2 in.)
diameter and shall be of sufficient strength to support
a weight of 1140 kgs. (2,500 lbs.) without breaking.

 Safety nets shall not be less than 0.94 cm. (3/8 in.)
diameter mesh ropes and not less than 1.90 cm. (3/4
in.) diameter border ropes (perimeter) made of manila
rope or other materials that can absorb the impact of a
falling body equally as nets fabricated from manila
rope of the dimensions specified. The mesh shall be
arranged not to exceed 15.25 cm. (6 in.) on canters
positively and securely attached to avoid wear at each
crossing point and at points of contact with the border.
 Other types of fall management protection:

SAFETY BELTS LIFE LINES SAFETY BELTS

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 Other types of fall management protection:

FALL ARRESTERS BACK SUPPORTS

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 CARE OF
Safety belts, life lines and
safety nets shall be
SAFETY BELTS Defective belts, lines or
nets shall be immediately
inspected before use and at LIFE LINES discarded and replaced or
least once each week
thereafter.
AND SAFETY repaired before reuse.

NETS

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Thank you for listening!
Good luck! 😸

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