Hazard

Disaster

Source: 2008. Disaster Risk Reduction Resource Manual. DepEd pdf

THE PHILIPPINE RISK PROFILE

SOURCE: United Nations University – Institute for Environment and Human Security, World Risk Report 2016
http://weltrisikobericht.de/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/WorldRiskReport2016.pdf
PACIFIC RING OF FIRE
Ground Shaking Effects

1995 Kobe, Japan Earthquake

EARTHQUAKE IN THE PHILIPPINES
WHAT IS AN EARTHQUAKE?

•AN EARTHQUAKE IS A WEAK TO STRONG

SHAKING OF THE GROUND DUE TO THE
SUDDEN MOVEMENT OR DISPLACEMENT
OF THE ROCKS UNDERNEATH.
 EARTHQUAKE
1. Volcanic 2. Tectonic
- earthquakes produced - earthquakes produced
by movement of magma by sudden movement of
beneath volcanoes or by rocks along faults and
eruptions plate boundaries
 Earthquake Activity in the Philippines
90 destructive earthquakes for past 400 years – 1 in 5 years;
40 tsunamis in the past 400 years – 1 in 10 years)

M7.8 1990 Luzon Earthquake

M6.9 2012 Negros Or Earthquake

INTENSITY
• THE INTENSITY OF AN EARTHQUAKE IS A MEASURE OF THE
SHAKING CREATED BY THE EARTHQUAKE, AND THIS VALUE DOES
VARY WITH LOCATION.
PHIVOLCS EARTHQUAKE INTENSITY SCALE
PHIVOLCS EARTHQUAKE INTENSITY SCALE
PHIVOLCS EARTHQUAKE INTENSITY SCALE
PHIVOLCS EARTHQUAKE INTENSITY SCALE
PHIVOLCS EARTHQUAKE INTENSITY SCALE
EARTHQUAKE-RELATED HAZARDS

Faulting (Ground)
Rupture Ground Shaking Liquefaction

Tsunami Fire Landslide

THE VALLEY FAULT SYSTEM
VALLEY FAULT SYSTEM • EAST VALLEY FAULT
• 10 KM (M6.2)
• RODRIGUEZ AND SAN MATEO, RIZAL
• WEST VALLEY FAULT
• 100 KM (M7.2)
• BULACAN ((DOÑA REMEDIOS TRINIDAD,
NORZAGARAY AND SAN JOSE DEL MONTE CITY)
• RIZAL (RODRIGUEZ)
• QUEZON CITY, MARIKINA CITY, MAKATI CITY, PASIG
CITY, TAGUIG CITY AND MUNTINLUPA CITY
• LAGUNA (SAN PEDRO CITY, BIÑAN CITY, STA. ROSA
CITY, CABUYAO CITY AND CALAMBA CITY)
• CAVITE (CARMONA, GENERAL MARIANO ALVAREZ
AND SILANG)
THE VALLEY FAULT SYSTEM
• WEST VALLEY FAULT (WVF) MOVEMENT
MAINLY HORIZONTAL

• WVF MOVED 4 TIMES IN PAST 1400 YEARS;

MOVEMENT INTERVAL ~ 400 YEARS
• LAST MAJOR EARTHQUAKE FROM VALLEY
FAULT IN 1658
GROUND SHAKING IN GREATER METRO MANILA
(WEST VALLEY FAULT EARTHQUAKE)
(Risk Analysis Project, 2013: PHIVOLCS, GA supported by AusAID)

M7.2 M6.5
 BUILDING AND CASUALTY ESTIMATES
FOR SAN MATEO, RIZAL FROM A WEST VALLEY FAULT EARTHQUAKE

M7.2 M6.5
Total Floor Area in 14.20 11.93
Complete Collapsed Damage (Km2)

Total Floor Area in 98.69 82.75

Complete Damage per (Km2)

Total Fatalities (Death) 828 666

Total Injuries
• Life-Threatening 369 285
• Serious 2,878 2,392
• Slight 9,760 8,346

Total Economic Losses (millions of PhP) 29,263.00 25,544.00

1. Geoscience Australia
2. Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology
3. METRO MANILA EARTHQUAKE IMPACT REDUCTION (MMEIRS) Study
© Republic of the Philippines and the Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia) 2014
BAGO ANG MALAKAS NA LINDOL
• ALAMIN KUNG ANG INYONG LUGAR
AY NASA DINADAANAN O MALAPIT
SA KINAROROONAN NG ISANG
“ACTIVE FAULT” O KUNG ITO AY
LUGAR NA MAY MALAMBOT NA LUPA
NA MAARING MAG-“LIQUEFY” KUNG
MAGKAROON NG LINDOL.
BAGO ANG MALAKAS NA LINDOL
• IHANDA ANG INYONG TAHANAN AT
LUGAR NA PINAGTATRABAHUHAN.
• ITALI ANG MGA MABIBIGAT NA
KAGAMITAN AT ILAGAY SA IBABANG
BAHAGI ANG MGA BABASAGIN,
NAKAKALASONG KEMIKAL AT MGA
MADALING MAGLIYAB.
BAGO ANG MALAKAS NA LINDOL

• ISARA PALAGI ANG TANGKE NG

GAS.
• SANAYIN ANG SARILI SA IBA’T-
IBANG LUGAR SA INYONG
TAHANAN AT OPISINA.
BAGO ANG MALAKAS NA LINDOL
• TIYAKIN ANG MATIBAY NA PAGKATALI
NG MGA NAKABITING BAGAY NA
MAAARING MAKALAG AT BUMAGSAK
KAPAG NAGKAROON NG LINDOL.
• MAGHANDA AT PAMALAGIIN ANG
ISANG “EARTHQUAKE SURVIVAL KIT”
BAGO ANG MALAKAS NA LINDOL
• MAKILAHOK SA MGA AKTIBIDAD
TULAD NG:
• EARTHQUAKE DRILLS
• DISASTER PREPAREDNESS
ORIENTATIONS
• FIRST AID AND BASIC LIFE SUPPORT
(BLS) TRAININGS
• AT MGA CAPACITY BUILDINGS
HABANG NAGAGANAP ANG LINDOL
• Kung nasa loob ng isang
matibay na gusali, manatili
sa loob.
• Gawin ang DROP, COVER at
HOLD-ON technique:
Yumuko, magtago sa ilalim
ng matibay na mesa
athumawak sa mga paa nito
HABANG NAGAGANAP ANG LINDOL
• Kung nasa labas, pumunta sa
isang ligtas at bukas na lugar.
• Lumayo sa mga poste ng
kuryente, pader at iba pang
istraktura na maaaring
bumagsak o matumba.
• Huwag manatili sa mga gusaling
may mga salaming mababasag.
HABANG NAGAGANAP ANG LINDOL
• Kung nagmamaneho,
itabi at ihinto ang
sasakyan.
• Huwag magtangkang
tumawid sa tulay o sa
overpass dahil
maaaring napinsala
na ito ng lindol.
HABANG NAGAGANAP ANG LINDOL
• Kung nasa gilid ng bundok,
lumayo muna sa mga lugar
na maaaring maapektuhan
ng pagguho ng lupa.
• Kung nasa tabing dagat,
magtungo agad sa mas
mataas na lugar papalayo
sa dagat dahil sa panganib
ng “TSUNAMI”.
MATAPOS ANG MALAKAS NA LINDOL
• Tulungan sa paglikas
ang mga Bata,
Matatanda, May
Kapansanan At Buntis.
• Pagkatapos ng lindol,
lumabas mula sa bahay
o gusali at mag punta
sa isang OPEN AREA
MATAPOS ANG MALAKAS NA LINDOL
• HUWAG MUNA BUMALIK SA
BAHAY O GUSALI DAHIL SA
PANGANIB NG “AFTERSHOCK”
• KUNG LIGTAS NANG BUMALIK
SA BAHAY, SURIIN MUNANG
MABUTI ANG LINYA NG TUBIG,
KURYENTE AT GAAS
QUESTION???