Quản trị nguồn SECTION 3

Training and
nhân lực Developing
Human
Resources
TENTH EDITON

Robert L. Mathis  John H. Jackson

Đào tạo nguồn nhân lực

PowerPoint Presentation
© 2003 Southwestern College Publishing. All rights reserved.
by Charlie Cook
 Baín cháút cuía âaìo taûo
 Âaìo taûo
– Tiãún trçnh maì nhåì âoï nhán viãn coï âæåüc khaí
nàng giuïp âåî trong viãc âaût âæåüc caïc muûc
tiãu täø chæïc.
– Ngæåìi sæí duûng lao âäüng tiãu täún 60 tyí USD
cho âaìo taûo haìng nàm.
 Tçnh huäúng(phaûm vi) âaìo taûo
– Tênh caûnh tranh cuía täø chæïc vaì âaìo taûo
• Âaìo taûo laìm cho täø chæïc coï khaí nàng caûnh tranh
hån
• Âaìo taûo giuïp quy trç nhæîng nhán viãn gioíi
• Âaìo taûo khäng coìn laì khoaín càõt giaím âáöu tiãn
trong thåìi kyì kinh doanh sa suït.
© 2002 Southwestern College Publishing. All rights reserved. 9–2
 Phaûm vi cuía âaìo taûo

 Âaìo taûo nhæ laì nguäön doanh thu

– Viãûc âaìo taûo âënh hæåïng marketing våïi saín
pháøm coï thãø âoïng goïp pháön quan troüng vaìo
doanh thu cuía täø chæïc.
 Têch håüp thaình têch cäng viãûc, âaìo taûo
vaì viãûc hoüc
– Âaìo taûo dëch chuyãøn tæì “ saït cäng viãûc” âãún
âaût âæåüc viãûc hoüc thæûc sæû.
– Âaìo taûo sæí duûng nhæîng váún âãö cuía cuäüc
säúng thæûc nhàòm gia tàng viãûc hoüc cuía nhán
viãn

© 2002 Southwestern College Publishing. All rights reserved. 9–3

 Tæ váún thaình têch

© 2002 Southwestern College Publishing. All rights reserved. 9–4

 Traïch nhiãûm cuía caïc bäü pháûn âäúi våïi
hoaût âäüng âaìo taûo
 Bäü pháûn nguäön nhán  Nhaì quaín trë
læûc – Cung cáúp caïc thäng tin
– Chuáøn bë trang thiãút bë kyî thuáût
vaì taìi liãûu cho âaìo taûo – Kiãøm tra, giaïm saït nhu
kyî nàng cáöu âaìo taûo
– Âiãöu phäúi caïc näù læûc – Thæûc hiãûn vaì giaïm
âaìo taûo saït âaìo taûo taûi nåi laìm
– Thæûc hiãûn vaì quaín lyï viãûc
caïc hoaût âäüng ngoaìi – Tham gia trong caïc näù
nåi laìm viãûc læûc thay âäøi täø chæïc
– Phäúi håüp kãú hoaûch
nghãö nghiãûp vaì nhæîng
näù læûc phaït triãøn
– Cung cáúp âáöu vaìo vaì
âiãöu kiãûn cho phaït
triãøn täø chæïc
© 2002 Southwestern College Publishing. All rights reserved. 9–5
Kãút näúi chiãún læåüc kinh doanh vaì chiãún læåüc
âaìo taûo

Chiãún læåüc âaìo

taûo Chiãún
Chiãún Phaït triãøn khaí nàng læåüc
læåüc cuía nhán viãn vaì
kinh Khuyãún khêch sæû hoaût
doanh thay âäøi âäüng
âaìo
Âäüng viãn viãûc hoüc taûo
liãn tuûc
Taûo ra/chia seí kiãún
thæïc

Source: Based on ideas from Lisa A. Burke and Joseph V. Wilson III.
© 2002 Southwestern College Publishing. All rights reserved. 9–6
 Nhæîng khaïi niãûm vãö chiãún læåüc
kinh doanh cå baín
 Dáùn âaûo chi phê
– Cäú gàõng gia tàng thë pháön bàòng caïch táûp
trung vaìo chi phê tháúp cuía saín pháøm hoàûc
dëch vuû cuía cäng ty, so saïnh våïi âäúi thuí caûnh
tranh.
 Dë biãût hoaï
– Cäú gàõng laìm cho saín pháøm hoàûc dëch vuû
khaïc biãût caûnh tranh våïi âäúi thuí trong ngaình
vãö cháút læåüng, dëch vuû, cäng nghãû hoàûc
nháûn thæïc phán biãût.

© 2002 Southwestern College Publishing. All rights reserved. 9–7

 Tiãún trçnh âaìo taûo

© 2002 Southwestern College Publishing. All rights reserved. 9–8

 Nguäön âaìo
taûo âaïnh giaï
nhu cáöu

© 2002 Southwestern College Publishing. All rights reserved. 9–9

 Thiãút láûp muûc tiãu âaìo taûo

 Phán têch khoaíng caïch, thiãúu huût

– Khoaíng caïch giæîa mäüt bãn laì thæûc traûng
cuía täø chæïc vaì nàng læûc cuía nhán viãn våïi
mäüt bãn laì noï cáön.
 Caïc loaûi muûc tiãu âaìo taûo
– Kiãún thæïc: phäø biãún thäng tin nháûn thæïc vaì
caïc chi tiãút cho ngæåìi âaìo taûo.
– Kyî nàng: thiãút láûp, taûo ra sæû thay âäøi haình
vi maì cäng viãûc âæåüc thæûc hiãûn.
– Thaïi âäü: taûo ra såí thêch vaì nháûn thæïc vãö
táöm quan troüng cuía âaìo taûo.

© 2002 Southwestern College Publishing. All rights reserved. 9–10

 Caïc yãúu täú cáúu thaình âaìo taûo

© 2002 Southwestern College Publishing. All rights reserved. 9–11

 Kiãún thæïc: táûp trung âaìo taûo

 Sæû sàôn saìng cuía ngæåìi hoüc

– Khaí nàng hoüc
• Ngæåìi hoüc phaíi coï nhæîng kyî nàng cå baín
• Sæû sàôn sang cuía ngæåìi âæåüc âaìo taûo
– Âäüng viãn hoüc
• Ngæåìi hoüc phaíi mong muäún vaì quyï troüng
âaìo taûo
– Tæû tin
• Ngæåìi hoüc phaíi tin ràòng hoüc
coï thãø hoüc mäüt caïch hiãûu quaí
näüi dung cuía âaìo taûo

© 2002 Southwestern College Publishing. All rights reserved. 9–12

 Caïc caïch thæïc hoüc

Caïc nguyãn tàõc hoüc cuía ngæåìi træåíng thaìn

Cáön phaíi biãút taûi sao hoü hoüc.

Cáön phaíi tæû âënh hæåïng.

Mang laûi kinh nghiãûm liãn quan âãún cäng viãûc vaìo tiãún trç

Aïp duûng caïch tiãúp cáûn giaíi quyãút váún âãö.

Âæåüc âäüng viãn båíi caïc nhán täú cäú hæîu vaì bãn ngoaìi

© 2002 Southwestern College Publishing. All rights reserved. 9–13

 Kiãún thæc( viãûc hoüc): haình vi

 Mä hçnh haình vi
– Sao cheïp haình vi cuía mäüt ngæåìi khaïc bàòng
caïch quan saït caïch thæïc ngæåìi khaïc giaíi
quyãút váún âãö.
 Cuíng cäú
– Moüi ngæåìi coï khuynh hæåïng làûp laûi nhæîng
haình vi âæåüc tæåíng thæåíng vaì traïnh nhæîng
haình vi bë træìng phaût.
 Sæû cäng nháûn tæïc thåìi
– Cuíng cäú vaì phaín häöi laì hiãûu quaï nháút khi
noï âæåüc thæûc hiãûn ngay tæïc thåìi sau khi âaìo
taûo
© 2002 Southwestern College Publishing. All rights reserved. 9–14
 Hoüc : caïc loaûi âaìo taûo

Âaìo taûo bàõt buäüc vaì Âaìo taûo cäng viãûc

âaìo taûo thæåìng xuyãn /kyî thuáût

Caïc loaûi
âaìo taûo

Âaìo taûo phat triãøn Âaìo taûo giaíi quyãút

vaì âäøi måïi váún âãö

© 2002 Southwestern College Publishing. All rights reserved. 9–15

 Âënh hæåïng: âaìo taûo cho nhán viãn måïi

Kãút quaí cuía âiûnh hæåïng täút

Cung cáúp Sæû cháúp nháûn Xaî häüi hoaï Thaình têch
Áún tæåüng täút
thäng tin cuía âäöng nghiãûpvaì häüi nháûp vaì hiãûu suáút

© 2002 Southwestern College Publishing. All rights reserved. 9–16

 Häüi nháûp nhán viãn måïi hiãûu quaí

Chuáøn bë nhán viãn måïi

Cán nhàõc âãún ngæåìi cäú váún

Sæí duûng baín liãût kã âënh hæåïng

Cover needed information

Present information effectively

Avoid information overload

Evaluation and follow-up

© 2002 Southwestern College Publishing. All rights reserved. 9–17

 Cán nhàõc vãö âaìo taûo

 Baín cháút quaí âaìo taûo

 Váún âãö chênh
 Säú læåüng hoüc viãn
 Caï nhán hay nhoïm
 Tæû hoüc hay hæåïng dáùn
 Nguäön âaìo taûo
 Chi phê
 Vë trê âëa lyï
 Thåìi gian

© 2002 Southwestern College Publishing. All rights reserved. 9–18

 Âaìo taûo bãn trong

 Âaìo taûo phi chênh thäúng

– Âaìo taûo xaíy ra thäng qua sæû tæång taïc giæîa
caïc nhán viãn.
 Âaìo taûo taûi nåi laìm viãûc (OJT)
– Nhæîng váún âãö våïi OJT
• Ngæåìi âaìo taûo keïm khaí nàng
• Sæû phaï våî cäng viãûc thæåìng xuyãn
• Nhæîng thoïi quen xáúu hoàûc khäng chênh xaïc seî
âæåüc hoüc

© 2002 Southwestern College Publishing. All rights reserved. 9–19

 Caïc giai âoaûn âaìo taûo taûi nåi laìm viãûc

Figure 9–8
© 2002 Southwestern College Publishing. All rights reserved. 9–20
 Âaìo taûo bãn ngoaìi
 Lyï do cho âaìo taûo bãn ngoaìi
– Êt täún keïm hån outsource training
– Insufficient time to develop training
– Lack of expertise
– Advantages of interacting with outsiders
 E-Learning: Training Online

© 2002 Southwestern College Publishing. All rights reserved. 9–21

 Caïc phæång phaïp âaìo taûo

Âaìo taûo håüp

taïc

Phæång Ngæåìi hæåïng

Âaìo taûo tæì xa phaïp âaìo dáùn
taûo Phoìng hoüc

Cäng nghãû vaì

âaìo taûo

© 2002 Southwestern College Publishing. All rights reserved. 9–22

 Cáúp âäü âaïnh giaï âaìo taûo

Figure 9–11
© 2002 Southwestern College Publishing. All rights reserved. 9–23
 giai âoaûn âaïnh giaï
Bäún cáúp âäü cuía âaïnh giaï âaìo taûo

LEVEL 1
Evaluate Reactions

- Did the trainees like the program, the Distribute and analyze questionnaires
trainers, the facilities?
- Did they think the course was useful?
- What improvements can they suggest?

© 2002 Southwestern College Publishing. All rights reserved. 9–24

 The Evaluation Phase

Fig 9.8 Four Levels of Training Evaluation

LEVEL 1
Evaluate Reactions

- Did the trainees like the program, the Distribute and analyze questionnaires
trainers, the facilities?
- Did they think the course was useful?
- What improvements can they suggest?

LEVEL 2
Evaluate Learning Administer
- Written tests
- To What extent do trainees have greater - Performance Tests
knowledge or skills after the training - Graded simulations
program than they did before?

© 2002 Southwestern College Publishing. All rights reserved. 9–25

 The Evaluation Phase

Fig 9.8 Four Levels of Training Evaluation (Continued)

LEVEL 3
Evaluate Behavior Collect performance data from
- Superior
- Are trainees behaving differently - Peer
on the job after training? - Client
- Are they using skills and knowledge - Subordinate
they learned in training?

© 2002 Southwestern College Publishing. All rights reserved. 9–26

 The Evaluation Phase

Fig 9.8 Four Levels of Training Evaluation (Continued)

LEVEL 3
Evaluate Behavior Collect performance data from
- Superior
- Are trainees behaving differently - Peer
on the job after training? - Client
- Are they using skills and knowledge - Subordinate
they learned in training?

Measure
- Accidents
LEVEL 4
- Quality
Evaluate Results
- Productivity
- Turnover
- Is the organization or unit better
- Morale
because of training?
- Costs
- Profits

© 2002 Southwestern College Publishing. All rights reserved. 9–27

 Cán bàòng giæîa låüi êch vaì chi phê cuía âaìo taûo

Figure 9–12
© 2002 Southwestern College Publishing. All rights reserved. 9–28