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G1:
Growth of daughter cell
Duplication of organelles
other than nucleus
Onion root tip (on left side), whitefish (on right side)
1. The chromosomes condense.
The proteins attached to the
DNA cause the chromosomes to
go from long thin structures to
short fat one, which makes them
easier to pull apart.
2. The nuclear envelope
disappears. The double
membrane that surround the
nucleus dissolves into a
collection of small vesicles,
freeing the chromosomes to use
the whole cell for division
3. The centrosomes move to
opposite poles. During
interphase, the pair of
centrosomes were together
just outside the nucleus. In
prophase they separate and
move to opposite ends of the
cell.
4. The spindle starts to form,
growing out of the
centrosomes towards the
chromosomes.
Metaphase
Chromosomes lined up on equator of spindle
centrosomes at opposite ends of cell
Anaphase
Centromeres divide: each 2-chromatid chromosome
becomes two 1-chromatid chromosomes
Chromosomes pulled to opposite poles by the spindle
Telophase
Chromosomes de-condense
Nuclear envelope reappears
Cytokinesis: the cytoplasm is divided into 2 cells
Genetic stability: Since the daughter chromosomes are
derived from the parental chromosome by exact
replication of their DNA. This results in genetic stability
within populations.
Growth: The number of cells within an organism increases
Cell replacement: Mitosis also involves the replacement of
worn out cells.
Asexual reproduction: Mitosis is the basis of asexual
reproduction, that is the production of new individuals of a
species by one parent organism for example, vegetative
propagation in plants.
Regeneration: Some animals are able to regenerate whole
parts of the body, such as arms in starfish so the
production of new cells involves Mitosis.