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Chapter 8 Jointing
Chapter 8 Jointing
Chapter 8
Chapter Topics
• Isolation joints
• Contraction joints
• Construction joints
• Joint filling
Joints
• Cracking caused by drying shrinkage occurs on every concrete slab
project.
• Types of Joints
– Isolation joints
– Contraction joints
– Construction joints
Isolation Joints
• Permit horizontal and vertical movement between the slab and any walls, columns, or
footings that the slab abuts.
• Internal concrete slabs shrink away from these fixed objects. If the slab is rigidly
joined to a fixed object, the slab is likely to crack because the slab drying shrinkage is
restrained and that causes tension in the concrete.
• Can be circular or square around columns . Note that the square pattern has been
rotated 45 degrees so the corners meet the contraction joints in the slab.
• If no isolation joint is used around a square column, the slab is likely to crack.
• If the square pattern of the isolation joint is not rotated, the slab is likely to crack.
Installing Isolation Joint material
• Joint material must be compressible and thick
enough (about ½ inch) to permit movement.
• When slabs are formed with very sharp corners, designers sometimes
locate contraction joints at locations where concrete is most likely to
crack.
When to Saw Contraction Joints
– As soon as the concrete is hard enough not to be torn
or damaged by the blade, but before random cracks
can form in the concrete slab.
• If cracks form in front of the sawed joint before the saw gets
to the other edge of the slab, skip ahead one or two joints
to begin sawing. This skipping ahead minimizes the number
of joints at which cracks may form in front of the sawed
joint.
• Keyed joints
– 6 in or thicker
– Beveled 1 x 2 adequate key for 5 to 8 in thick
– Act as contraction joints
– Not recommended for hard-wheeled traffic loads
Doweled Construction Joints
• Used in pavements and industrial floors that carry heavy wheeled traffic.
• Dowels help hold the two sides at the same elevation when a wheel
passes over the joint.
• The dowels should be inserted into the dowel alignment device just prior
to concreting operations to minimize disturbance during construction.
• When using air to clean out a joint, it is best to have the air
compressor fitted with an oil and water separator.