2PROFED03
Theories of Learning
Prepared by: JIMUEL C. SAGARIO
BEHAVIORAL
LEARNING THEORY
• IVAN PETROVICH PAVLOV
• BURRHUS FREDERIC SKINNER
• EDWARD LEE THORNDIKE
IVAN PETROVICH PAVLOV
Classical Conditioning
which adheres on Adhesive Principle.
US: meat powder
UR: salivation
NS: bell
CS: meat powder bell
CR: salivation
BEHAVIORAL
LEARNING THEORY
• IVAN PETROVICH PAVLOV
• BURRHUS FREDERIC SKINNER
• EDWARD LEE THORNDIKE
BURRHUS FREDERIC SKINNER
Operant Conditioning
which adheres on Feedback Principle.
• Reinforcement
• Punishment
BEHAVIORAL
LEARNING THEORY
• IVAN PETROVICH PAVLOV
• BURRHUS FREDERIC SKINNER
• EDWARD LEE THORNDIKE
EDWARD LEE THORNDIKE
• Law of Readiness
• Law of Effect
• Law of Exercise
BEHAVIORAL
LEARNING THEORY
• IVAN PETROVICH PAVLOV
• BURRHUS FREDERIC SKINNER
• EDWARD LEE THORNDIKE
• JOHN WATSON
JOHN WATSON
• (1878-1958)
• He was a pioneering psychologist who played an
important role in developing behaviorism.
• He is considered as the Father of Behaviorism.
• His work based on Pavlov’s experiment on
Classical Conditioning .
BEHAVIORISM
• was formally established with Watson’s classic
paper “Psychology as the Behaviorist Views It”
• “Give me a dozen healthy infants, well-formed and my own
specified world to bring them up in and I’ll guarantee to take any
one at random and train him to become any type of specialist I
might select-doctor, lawyer, artist, merchant-chief and yes, even
beggar-man and thief, regardless of his talents, penchants,
tendencies, abilities, vocations and race of his ancestor.”
Behaviorists believe that our responses to
environmental stimuli shape our actions.
• Lincoln was motivated by Richmond’s
outstanding academic performance in their
class. The following day, Lincoln made an
attempt to excel in his studies.
BEHAVIORISM
• A theory of learning based on the idea that all
behaviors are acquired through conditioning.
CONDITIONING
occurs through interaction with the environment.
Nature vs. Nurture
THE “LITTLE ALBERT”
EXPERIMENT
• 9 month baby
• Watson exposed the child to series of stimuli
including a white rat, a rabbit, a monkey, masks,
and burning newspapers then observed the
baby’s reactions.
STAGE 1: BEFORE CONDITIONING
• The boy initially showed no fear of any of the
objects he was shown.
STAGE 2: DURING CONDITIONING
• The next time Albert
was exposed to the
rat, Watson made a
loud noise by hitting
a metal pipe with a
hammer.
STAGE 3 AFTER CONDITIONING
• Naturally, the child began to cry after hearing
the loud noise. After repeatedly pairing the white
rat with the loud noise, Albert began to cry
simply after seeing the rat.
Elements of Classical Conditioning
• NS: The white rat
• US: The loud noise
• UR: Fear
• CS: The loud noise The white rat
• CR: Fear
US: meat powder US: Loud noise
UR: salivation UR: Fear
Ns: bell NS: The white rat
CS: meat powder bell CS: Loud noise White rat
CR: salivation CR: Fear
IMPLICATION TO TEACHING
• Repetitively, Lea comes to class late and she got
reprimanded by her professors. What would be
Lea’s possible response?
• Mr. Acacio is fond of giving scores to recitation.
What would likely be the response of his
learners?
References:
• Cherry, K. (2019, March 09). Biography of Psychologist John B. Watson. Retrieved from
https://www.verywellmind.com/john-b-watson-biography-1878-1958-2795550
• Social Science Club YouTube video (John B Watson- The Father of Behaviourism)
