Jainism

Jainism
GROUP 4
8-KAMIA
Jainism
OVERVIEW
 Jain
Symbol
Siddhas
Right Faith, Knowledge,
and Conduct
 Manushya
Human Being
 Dev
Heavenly Being
 Tiryancha
Animals, Plants, Etc.
 Narki
Hellish Being
Ahimsa Hand
Teachings of the 24
Tirthankars
Mutual Support and
Interdependence
OVERVIEW
INTRODUCTION
FIRST AND
FOREMOST,
JAINISM
IS A
RELIGION
OF THE
HEART
 Jainism was born in
India about the same
period as Buddhism
Introduction (500 B. C.).
It was established by
Mahavira (c. 599 -
527 BC)
 In many senses
Jainism is similar to
Buddhism. Both
developed as a
Introduction dissension to the
Brahmanic philosophy
that was dominant
during that period in
north-east India.
 Jainism begins with a
serious concern for
the human soul in its
relationship with the
laws governing
Introduction
existence in the
universe, with other
living beings, and to
its own future state
in eternity.
 The golden rule is
Ahimsa or nonviolence
in all parts of a
person - mental,
Introduction
verbal, and physical.
Jains have deep
compassion for all
forms of life
 Jainism offers a
quiet, overwhelmingly
serious way of life,
a cultural insistence
on compassion, a
Introduction
society of ethics
that has dramatically
changed the world and
will continue to
effect change.
 Jainism is an
ecologically
responsible way of
Introduction life which is
nonviolent in
thought, action, and
deed.
OVERVIEW
HISTORY
 Originating on the Indian
subcontinent, Jainism --
or, more properly, the
HISTORY Jain Dharma -- is one of
the oldest religions of
its homeland and indeed
of the world.
 Jainism has prehistoric
origins dating before
HISTORY 3000 BC, and before the
beginning of Indo-Aryan
culture.
 Jain religion is unique
in that, during its
existence of over 5000
years, it has never
HISTORY
compromised on the
concept of nonviolence
either in principle or
practice.
 It upholds nonviolence as
the supreme religion
(Ahimsa Paramo Dharmah)
and has insisted upon its
HISTORY
observance in thought,
word, and deed at the
individual as well as
social levels.
 The holy text Tattvartha
Sutra sums it up in the
HISTORY phrase "Parasparopagraho
Jivanam" (all life is
mutually supportive).
 Jain religion presents a
truly enlightened
perspective of equality
of souls, irrespective of
HISTORY differing physical forms,
ranging from human beings
to animals and
microscopic living
organisms.
 Humans, alone among
living beings, are
endowed with all the six
senses of seeing,
HISTORY hearing, tasting
smelling, touching, and
thinking;
...
 ...
thus humans are expected
to act responsibly
HISTORY towards all life by being
compassionate, egoless,
fearless, forgiving, and
rational.
OVERVIEW
IMPORTANT
FIGURES
OF JAIN
LEGEND
 The Jains developed
their own legendary
history, the Deeds
of the 63
Illustrious Men,
which Western
IMPORTANT
scholars call the
FIGURES
Universal History.
OF JAIN
LEGEND
 The most important
figures in this
history are the 24
Tirthankaras,
perfected human
beings who appear
IMPORTANT from time to time to
FIGURES preach and embody
OF JAIN the faith.
LEGEND
IMPORTANT
FIGURES OF JAIN
LEGEND
Other important figures
in the history are from
the Hindu tradition,
most notably Krishna—
regarded by the Jains as
a cousin of the 22nd
Tirthankara,
Arishtanemi—and the hero
Rama, who is treated as
a pious, nonviolent
Jain.
 By incorporating yet
redefining such
important Hindu
figures, the Jains
were able to both
remain part of and
IMPORTANT separate from the
FIGURES surrounding Hindu
OF JAIN world.
LEGEND
OVERVIEW
 ABOUT
MAHARIVA
ABOUT MAHARIVA

Mahariva was born near Patna in

what is now Bihar state. He like
Buddha belonged to the warrior
caste. Mahavira was called ‘Jina’
meaning the big winner and from
this name was derived the name of
the religion.
ABOUT MAHARIVA

MAHAVIRA JUST
LIKE BUDDHA
ISN’T THE FIRST
PROPHET OF HIS
RELIGION.
ABOUT MAHARIVA

Mahavira who believed that every

thing has life practically didn’t
eat anything because he believed in
non-violence causing his self-
starvation to death.
ABOUT MAHARIVA

Mahavira was also extremely ascetic

and walked around completely naked
because of his renouncement of
life.
ABOUT MAHARIVA

After years of hardship and

meditation he attained
enlightenment; thereafter he
preached Jainism for about 30 years
and died at Pava (also in Bihar) in
527 BC.
OVERVIEW
THE TWO
PHILOSOPHIES
OF JAINISM
SVHETEMBER AND DIGAMBER
There are two Jain philosophies.
Shvetember and Digamber. Digamber
monks like Mahavira don’t wear any
clothes, but normally they don’t
walk like that outside their
temples.
SVHETEMBER AND DIGAMBER
They only include men among them.
The Shvetembers monks wear white
clothes and they include women.
OVERVIEW
JAINISM’S
BELIEFS
BELIEFS:
INTRODUCTION
Jains believe that
every thing has life
and this also
includes stones,
sand, trees and every
other thing.
BELIEFS:
INTRODUCTION
The fact that trees
breath came to be
known to the science
world only from the
20th century.
Jainism is different
to Buddhism in its
ascetic beliefs.

But both share a BELIEFS: IN

belief in
reincarnation which COMPARISON
eventually leads to TO BUDDHISM
liberation.

And neither of these

religions their
religious philosophy
around worship.
BELIEFS: IN COMPARISON
TO BUDDHISM
Jainism is
different to
Buddhism in
its ascetic
beliefs.
BELIEFS: IN COMPARISON
TO BUDDHISM

But both share a

belief in
reincarnation which
eventually leads to
liberation.
BELIEFS: IN COMPARISON
TO BUDDHISM

And neither of
these religions
their religious
philosophy around
worship.
 Vegetarianism is a
way of life for a
Jain, taking its
origin in the concept
of compassion for
living beings.
BELIEFS:
VEGETARIANISM The practice of
vegetarianism is seen
as an instrument for
the practice of
nonviolence and
peaceful, cooperative
coexistence.
 Jains are strict
vegetarians, consuming
only one-sensed beings,
primarily from the plant
kingdom.

BELIEFS:
VEGETARIANISM While the Jain diet
does, of course, involve
harm to plants, it is
regarded as a means of
survival which involves
the bare minimum amount
of violence towards
living beings.
BELIEFS:
ADDITIONAL
INPUT
The religious Jains
will do everything
possible to prevent
hurting any being.
BELIEFS:
ADDITIONAL
INPUT
They won’t walk in
fields where there are
insects to prevent the
possibility of stepping
on them.
BELIEFS:
ADDITIONAL
INPUT
They also cover their
mouth to prevent the
possibility of
swallowing small
invisible microbes.
BELIEFS:
ADDITIONAL
INPUT
They mostly do not work
in professions where
there is a possibility
of killing any living
being like in
agriculture instead
professions like
banking and business.
BELIEFS:
ADDITIONAL
INPUT
But it is not clear
what came first,
businessmen who adopted
Jain philosophy because
it was easy for them to
follow or Jainish
philosophy which
convinced the Jains to
adopt non violent
professions.
RECAP
STATISTICS
AND
INFORMATION
FOUNDER OF JAINISM
Parshva Mahavira
Full Name Parshvana Mahavira
Date of
≈ 877 BC ≈ 600 BC
Birth
Varanasi,
Place of Uttar,
Bihar India
Birth Pradesh,
India
Date of
771 AD ≈ 527 BC
Death
Place of
India
Death
FOUNDER Parshavanatha founded
OF Jainism
JAINISM Mahavira was revived and
reorganized/established
Jainism
 CORE PRINCIPLES OF
JAINISM
Jainism is a religion and a
way of life. Jains have five
core practices that derive
from the Anuvrata (lesser
vows) that laypeople take and
the Mahavrata (great vows)
that monks and nuns take:
CORE PRINCIPLES OF
JAINISM

Ahimsa (non- Aparigraha Astaya (non- Satya Bhramacharya

violence) is (non- stealing) is (truth) is (celibacy)
compassion possessivene the to speak the is the
and ss) is the avoidance of truth, practice of
forgiveness balancing of taking that however when reducing
in thoughts, needs and which does speaking the indulgence
words, and desires, not belong truth would in order to
deeds while to us or lead to reduce
towards all staying that we have violence it attachments
living detached not earned. is in our
beings. For from our preferable lives.
this reason, possessions. to remain
jains are silent.
vegetarians.
CORE PRINCIPLES OF
JAINISM
Ahimsa (non-violence) is
compassion and
forgiveness in thoughts,
words, and deeds towards
all living beings. For
this reason, jains are
vegetarians.
CORE PRINCIPLES OF
JAINISM
Aparigraha (non-
possessiveness) is the
balancing of needs and
desires, while staying
detached from our
possessions.
CORE PRINCIPLES OF
JAINISM
Astaya (non-stealing) is
the avoidance of taking
that which does not
belong to us or that we
have not earned.
CORE PRINCIPLES OF
JAINISM
Satya (truth) is to speak
the truth, however when
speaking the truth would
lead to violence it is
preferable to remain
silent.
CORE PRINCIPLES OF
JAINISM
Bhramacharya (celibacy)
is the practice of
reducing indulgence in
order to reduce
attachments in our lives.
*gasp* you made it to the end!!
THANK YOU!

MEMBERS: KYLE JOSHUA FRANCIS

GAWAT AUXILIO MORALES

NIKKOLAS KARYLLE
CALIBO CABAHUG
QUESTION
AND
ANSWER
QUESTION ONE
What is Jainism?
QUESTION TWO
Where was Jainism
born and when?
QUESTION THREE
Who established
Jainism and when?
QUESTION FOUR
What is the proper
name of Jainism?
QUESTION FIVE
Jainism upholds ______ as
the supreme religion?
QUESTION SIX
Where was Mahariva born? What
caste did he belong in?
QUESTION SEVEN
How did Mahariva die?
QUESTION EIGHT
What are the two philosophies of
Jainism? What are their differences?
QUESTION NINE
What practice is seen as an instrument
for the practice of nonviolence and
peaceful, cooperative coexistence?
QUESTION TEN
Jains are strict vegetarians, consuming
only ______ beings, primarily from the
plant kingdom?
 Romano, Donnamarie.
“Philosophy of
Religion.” Jainism, 2001,
REFERENCES: http://www.qcc.cuny.edu/social
sciences/ppecorino/phil_of_rel
igion_text/CHAPTER_2_RELIGIONS
/Jainism.html
 Dundas, Paul, and Ralph Stroll
G. “Jainism.” Encyclopedia
Britannica,
REFERENCES:
https://www.britannica.com/top
ic/Jainism. Accessed 15 Jan.
2020.