Collected questions on Crop

Protection
 ENTOMOLOGY PHASE
The author of the milestones of Philippine
Entomology is

a. Antonio S. Sedeno
b. Julio C. Martinez
c. Emiliana N. Bernardo
d. Bernardo P. Gabriel
This starting was successfully
introduced in 1849 from Southern
China to control

a. Martinez
b. Aetheopsar cristatellus
c. Neither a or b
d. Both a and b
He was the first Filipino to obtain a
doctoral degree in entomology in
1966

a. L.B. Uichanco
b. L.B. Sanchez
The first monographic treatment of
Philippine mosquitoes by Delfinado
in 1966 included all genera except

a. Anopheles
b. Aedes
c. Cullex
d. Malaria
He was the first Filipino Acarologist
who spearheaded the research on
mites in the Philippines in 1961

a. F.F. Sanchez
b. L.C. Rimando
c. C.R. Baltazar
d. V.P. Gapad
The earliest insect found during the
Middle Devonian period, Raniella
praecursor, belong to the order

a. Thysanura
b. Protura
c. Collembola
d. Diplura
Insects become pest because of

a. Man
b. Its voraciousness
c. Mouthparts
d. Sting
Term used for non-resident pest

a. Key
b. Occasional
c. Potential
d. Migrant
Part time pests

a. Key
b. Occasional
c. Potential
d. Migrant
From which character was the
name “Arthropoda” derived

a. Segmentation
b. Wings
c. Antennae
d. Jointed legs
The hardened plates of insects
integument

a. Sclerites
b. Sclerotin
c. Exoskeleton
d. Sclerotization
All of the following are external
process of the body wall except

a. Quinones
b. Setae
c. Spurs
d. Trichogen
This sensory organ is not found among
insects

a. Mouthpart
b. Antennae
c. Chelicera
d. Eye
The sensory organ of insect

a. Gena
b. Head
c. Antennae
d. Mandible
The first segment of insect
antennae

a. Scape
b. Pedicel
c. Flagellum
d. Clavola
This type of antennae is found
among scarabial beetle

a. Bipectinate
b. Clavate
c. Filiform
d. Lamellate
The setaceous type of antennae is
found among

a. Butterflies
b. Grasshoppers
c. Dragonflies
d. Houseflies
The elbow like type antennae
found among ants

a. Geniculate
b. Clavate
c. Lamellate
d. Plumose
Human louse’s life cycle is

a. Paurometabola
b. Hemimetabola
c. Ametabola
d. Holometabola
The simple eyes of insects

a. Ocelli
b. Facets
c. Ommatidium
d. Tymphanum
This type of pheromone ants have

a. Alarm pheromones
b. Aggregation pheromones
c. Dispersal pheromones
d. Trial pheromones
A control methods whereby synthetic
toxic substance are used to combat
pest

a. Use of resistant varieties

b. Cultural control
c. chemical control
d. Biological control
An insects that feeds on a number
of unrelated species of plants

a. Polyphagous insects
b. Phytophagous insects
c. Monophagous insects
d. Entomophagous insects
A serious pests of corn that attacks all
parts of the plant except the roots

a. Cutworm
b. Cornstalk borer
c. Corn semi lopper
d. Corn borer
The hindlegs of the grasshoppers
adapted for jumping purposes is
equipped with

a. Enlarged femur
b. Opposing spurs and spines
c. Hook-like structure
d. None of the above
Answer: A
 The stages of insects that undergo a
holometabolous type of metamorphosis
include the

a. Egg, larva, pupa, adult

b. Egg, nymph, adult
c. Egg, naiad, adult
d. Egg, young, adult
Answer: A
Insects are important to man and
agriculture because they:

a. Serve as vectors of plant pathogens

causing plant diseases
b. Are source of important products such
as honey
c. Serve as biological control agents
d. All of the above
Answer: D
 A specialized field in entomology
dealing with species that are important in
beneficial or injurious manner

a. Economic Entomology
b. Insect Morphology
c. Insect Ecology
d. insect Physiology
Answer: A
The insects can be distinguished
from other arthropods by their:

a. One or two pairs of wings,

if any
b. Three distinct body regions
c. Three pairs of legs
d. All of the above
Answer: D
 A type of insect antennae whose
segments particularly the distal half are
more or less triangular in shape

a. Serrate
b. Monoliform
c. Clavate
d. Filiform
answer: a
Refers to the monetary value lost to the
commodity such as reduction in yield
due to insect pest

a. Injury
b. Damage
c. Both a and b
d. None of the above
answer: b
The three main body regions of an
insect include the

a. Head, thorax and abdomen

b. Head, thorax and epiproct
c. Head, thorax and cerci
d. Head, cephalothorax and
abdomen
answer: a
Serve as excretory organs in insects

a. Malpighian tubules
b. Rectum
c. Rectal pads
d. Colon
answer: a
The thrips possess this particular
type of mouthparts

a. Rasping-sucking
b. Piercing-sucking
c. Chewing-lapping
d. Sponging
answer: a
 The first pair of wings among the
beetles characterized as hard/sclerotized
and used to protect the hindwings

a. Tegmina
b. Elytra
c. Hemelytra
d. Fringed
answer: b
The segment of the insects antennae
that nearly always contain a sensory
organ is known as the

a. Clavola
b. Scape
c. Pedicel
d. flagellum
answer: c
The ants, bees and wasps belong to the
order

a. Diptera
b. Hymenoptera
c. Coleoptera
d. Lepidoptera
answer: b
The insect pest commonly known as
corn earworm, tomato
fruitworm,tobacco budworm, cotton
bollworm and sorghum headworm is
scientifically known as

a. Ostrinia furnacalis
b. Leucinodes orbonalis
c. Helicoverpa armigera
d. Spodoptera litura
answer: c
Any insect which annoys, injures or
damages man directly and indirectly
is called

a. Insect pest
b. Entomophagous insect
c. Both a and b
d. None of the above
answer: a
Known as insect vectors of viruses
causing tungro disease

a. Nephotettix virescens
b. Nilaparvata lugens
c. Hydrellia philippina
d. Leptocorisa oratorius
answer: a
 The level of pest population at
which control measures are
employed to prevent the population
from exceeding the density that will
cause economic damage

a. Economic threshold level

b. Economic injury level
c. Equilibrium potential
d. None of the above
answer: a
 These are relatively minor pests
whose populations rise to
economically damaging levels only at
certain times or in certain places

a. Key pests
b. Migrant pests
c. Potential pests
d. Occasional pests
answer: d
 insecticides resulting from a
combination of suppression of the
original target pest and effects of
development of insecticide
resistance as well as destruction of
natural enemies is known as

a. Pest resurgence
b. Secondary pest outbreak
c. Host switching
d. Population explosion
answer: b
Chemical found in rice plants that
provides resistance against
stemborers

a. Oryzanone
b. DIMBOA
c. Gossypol
d. Cucurbitacin
answer: a
 The mouthparts in insects where
the galea of the maxillae are greatly
elongated and joined to form a
slender hallow tube is known as the

a. Sponging mouthparts
b. Siphoning mouthparts
c. Chewing-lapping mouthparts
d. Piercing-sucking
mouthparts
answer: b
The system in insects which consists
of hardened sclerotized plates joined
together by thin unsclerotized strips
and provides rigidity with flexibility

a. Digestive system
b. Integumentary system
c. Excretory system
d. Muscular system
answer: b
Beetles and weevils belong to the
order

a. Coleoptera
b. Lepidoptera
c. Orthoptera
d. Dermaptera
answer: a
Paired structures located dorsally on
the abdomen of aphids that secrete
substances to repel predators

a. Cornicles
b. Vasiform orifice
c. Pincers
d. Furcula
answer: a
The shedding of the insects old
cuticle in order for it to grow is
called

a. Ecdysis
b. Apolysis
c. Mitosis
d. Secretion
answer: a
 The damage inflicted on the rice
plant by the brown planthoppers
characterized as drying and
browning of tillers due to removal of
plant sap

a. Tugro
b. Grassy stunt
c. Hopperburn
d. Rice blast
answer: c
 Broken stalks and tassels as well as
borings on base of the ear shanks on
corn plant is an indication of attack
by

a. Corn borer
b. Corn earworm
c. Corn semi-looper
d. Corn aphids
answer: a
 A mechanism of HPR where the
morphological characteristics of the
plant influence the choice of the
insect pest with regards to source of
food, shelter or ovipositional sites

a. Antixenosis
b. Antibodies
c. Tolerance
d. Avoidance
answer: a
 A mango insect pest that is present
only in Palawan where the presence
of dark-brown, soil-like frass and
moving larvae inside the fruit make
these unfit for human consumption

a. Mango seed borer

b. Mango fruitfly
c. Mango pulp weevil
d. Mango twig borer
answer: c
 The predatory insect responsible in
the suppression of the population of
the cottony cushion scale, Icerya
purchasi

a. Rodolia cardinalis
b. Menochilus sexmaculatas
c. Trichogramma evanescens
d. None of the above
answer: a
The spread of viruses in crops in the
field is mostly due to aphid vectors.
Which of the following is a vector?

a. Pentalonia nigronervosa
b. Menochilus sexmaculatus
c. Idioscopus clypealis
d. Leptocorisa oratorius
answer: a
 The damage caused by larvae of
stemborers when they feed on the
rice plants before the flowering stage
is known as

a. Deadheart
b. Whiteheads
c. Hopperburn
d. Damping-off
answer: a
This is an example of an
entomopathogen

a. Beauvaria bassiana
b. Sclerotium rolfsi
c. Cercospara nicotianae
d. Bipolaris maydis
answer: a
 The newly hatched larvae of this
insect pest penetrate the epidermis
and feed on the leaf tissue of the
cabbage plant

a. Plutella xylostella
b. Phylloterta striolata
c. Crocidolomia binotalis
d. Hellula undalis
answer: a
Refers to the orientation of the
insects head where the jaws are
directed forward

a. Prognathous
b. Hypognathous
c. Opisthognathous
d. None of the above
answer: a
The mother of Philippine
Entomology

a. Clare R. Baluran
b. Clare R. Barreto
c. Clare R. Briones
d. Clare R. Baltazar
answer: d
 The first written record on
Philippine insects was recorded in
the year

a. 1565
b. 1540
c. 1521
d. 1587
answer: c
 The genus of the starling locally
known as “Martinez” which was
imported from Southern China to
control locust

a. Aetheopsar
b. Microhierax
c. Halcyon
d. Brahminy
answer: a
The only insect order that molts after
wings become functional

a. Odonata
b. Ephemeroptera
c. Plecoptera
d. Dermaptera
answer: b
Armyworms and cutworms prefer to
pupate in the

a. Leaves
b. Soil
c. Panicle
d. Stem
answer: b
Responsible for the reduced uptake
of insecticide solution by the insect
integument

a. Wax
b. Chitin
c. Sclerotin
d. Tannin
answer: a
How many square meters can a 62.5
ml of a 40% formulation be covered
if the recommended rate is 0.5kg
a.i/ha?

a. 550 sq.m.
b. 525 sq.m.
c. 450 sq.m.
d. 500 sq.m.
answer: d
The year of the National Crop
Protection Center was founded

a. 1966
b. 1986
c. 1976
d. 1996
 The year when airplane was first
used in the Philippines for pesticide
application

a. 1925
b. 1927
c. 1929
d. 1923
answer: a
 The required wettable formulation
for 1000L of 0.05% spray is 0.588kg.
What is the concentration of the
commercial formulation?

a. 85
b. 87
c. 75
d. 80
answer: a
 The acarologist who spreaded the
research on mites in the Philippines

a. F.F. Sanchez
b. L.C. Rimando
c. L.C. Raros
d. R. Baltazar
answer: b
It determines the germination and
spread of the inoculum

a. Wind
b. Moisture
c. Soil type and pH
d. Nutrition
answer: b
 Fungal sub-species that has no
apparent morphological difference
from other similar sub-species but
differs in host range is called

a. Forma speciales
b. Pathovar
c. Biovar
d. Cultivar
answer: a
Pathogenicity refers to the ability of
the pathogen to cause

a. Disease
b. Resistance
c. Susceptibility
d. Tolerance
answer: a
Signs of plant diseases refer to the
structures of the pathogen that are
found associated with the

a. Disease
b. Organism
c. Saprophyte
d. Alternate host
answer: a
The time over which the pathogen
fruiting body or lesion continues to
produce new inoculum

a. Incubation period
b. Infectious period
c. Dormant period
d. Latent period
answer: b
 of host cells and tissues that results
from continuous irritation by a
pathogenic agent or environmental
factor leading to the development of

a. Symptoms
b. Signs
c. Abnormal physiology of
plants
d. All of the above
answer: d
 Inoculum refers to a pathogen o
part of the pathogen that can initiate

a. Infection
b. Dissemination
c. Inoculation
d. Colonization
answer: a
The physical factor that affects the
growth, sporulation and
development

a. Temperature
b. Moisture
c. Wind
d. Light
answer: a
This is responsible for widespread
distribution of the inoculum

a. Wind
b. Moisture
c. Soil type and pH
d. Nutrition
answer: a
Alternate hosts are plants on which
some pathogens must develop to
complete its

a. Life cycle
b. Infection cycle
c. Disease cycle
d. Secondary cycle
answer: a
Facultative parasite is an organism
that can be a parasite under
appropriate conditions but it is
primarily a saprophyte

a. True
b. False
c. A and B
d. Maybe
answer: a
Symbiosis is the living together of
different

a. Pathogens
b. Organisms
c. Diseases
d. Parasites
answer: b
Infection occurs when the host plant
becomes associated with the cells
and tissues of the

a. Host
b. Parasite
c. Pathogen
d. Susceptible host
Answer: d
The time between initial penetration
of the host and appearance of
symptoms

a. Incubation period
b. Infectious period
c. Dormant period
d. Latent period
answer: a
In case a disease is no known to you
previously, it is necessary to resort to

a. Koch’s postulates
b. Laboratory diagnosis
c. Field diagnosis
d. All of the above
answer: a
An obligate parasite can grow only in
association with a

a. Non-living host
b. Resistant host
c. Susceptible host
d. Living host
answer: d
Its quality, intensity and duration
affect the growth of both host and
the pathogen

a. Wind
b. Moisture
c. Light
d. nutrition
answer: c
 External and internal reactions or
alterations of a plant as a result of a
disease is called

a. Symptom
b. Sign
c. Invasion
d. Colonization
answer: a
Disease identification in plants is
called plant disease diagnosis

a. True
b. False
c. Maybe
d. Uncertain
answer: a
 This affects the water holding
capacity and temperature of the soil

a. Temperature
b. Moisture
c. Soil type and pH
d. Light
answer: c
Knowing the distribution of the
disease in the field is part of the
laboratory diagnosis

a. True
b. False
c. Maybe
d. Uncertain
Answer: b
The time between initial penetration
of the host and the production of
new inoculum

a. Incubation period
b. Infectious period
c. Dormant period
d. Latent period
answer: b
This affects the rate of plant growth
and the ability of the plants to
defend themselves

a. Temperature
b. Moisture
c. Soil type and pH
d. Nutrition
answer: d
 Transferring host resistance
characteristics controlled by many
genes from other species is possible
through genetic engineering

a. False
b. True
c. A and B
d. Maybe
answer: b
 The hypovirulent determinant in
hypovirulent fungi is known to be a

a. Double-stranded RNA
b. Single-stranded
c. Double-stranded DNA
d. Single-stranded DNA
answer: a
Mechanism of biocontrol methods
which is due to the presence of
biological agents in the soil that
suppress disease development

a. Biofumigation
b. Antibiosis
c. Suppressive soil
d. Fungistasis
answer: c
Mechanism of biocontrol methods
which involves restriction on fungal
germination and growth in soils

a. Biofumigation
b. Antibiosis
c. Suppressive soils
d. Fungistasis
answer: d
Mechanism of biocontrol methods
which involves production of
antimicrobial compound by the
antagonist

a. Biofumigation
b. Antibiosis
c. Suppressive soils
d. Fungistasis
answer: b
Mechanism of biocontrol methods
that utilizes crucifers (Brassicas) as
rotation crops

a. Biofumigation
b. Antibiosis
c. Suppressive soils
d. Fungistasis
answer: a
 Example of fungicide
development for seed treatment
purposes

a. Benomyl
b. Azoxystrobin
c. Captan
d. Difeconazole
answer: c
Azoxytrobin is an example of

a. Oxyminoacetates
b. Beta-methoxyacrylates
c. Phenylamides
d. Carbamides
answer: b
Fungicide with preventive and
curative characteristics

a. Sterol inhibitors
b. Strobilurins
c. Triazoles
d. A and C
answer: b
 It blocks enzymes and stops
respiration of the pathogen, has
multi-sites action, thus with low
resistance risk

a. Inorganic fungicide
b. Organic fungicide
c. Bio-suppresant
d. b and C
answer: a
 To lower the surface tension,
______ should be added to the
fungicide

a. Detergents
b. Oils
c. Starch
d. Calcium carbonate
answer: a
To reduce phytotoxicity, ________
should be added to the fungicide

a. Detergents
b. Oils
c. Starch
d. Calcium carbonate
answer: d
 Prepared in a manner similar to
impregnated dust but the carrier
(inert clay) is composed of larger
particles or pellets

a. Granules
b. Emulsifiable concentrates
c. Wettable powders
d. Dusts
answer: a
What is the mode of action of
protectant fungicides

a. Prevent germination of
fungal conidia
b. Dehydrate the conidia
c. Plasmolyze the conidia
d. Burst the conidia
answer: d
Solarization and plastic mulching fall
under

a. Destruction
b. Elimination
c. Removal
d. Exclusion
answer: a
Crop rotation falls under the
methods of

a. Destruction
b. Elimination
c. Removal
d. Exclusion
answer: b
 Direct destruction of a pathogen
together with the removal of all or
parts of the hosts falls under

a. Destruction
b. Elimination
c. Removal
d. Exclusion
answer: a
 Sudden death of cells surrounding
the pathogen is due to production of

a. Phytoalexin
b. Phenols
c. Hydrolases
d. Alkaloids
answer: a
Abscission layer is an example of

a. Passive defense structure

b. Historical defense structure
c. Active defense structure
d. Intermediate defense
structure
answer: b
Example of viriod-caused disease

a. Potato spindle tuber

b. Bunchy top of abaca
c. Grassy stunt
d. Tungro
answer: a
What is the molecular weight of the
RNA of viriods

a. 10,000,000
b. 110,000
c. 1,000,000
d. 111,000
answer: b
Needle nematode

a. Criconema
b. Trichodorus
c. Helicotylenchus
d. Longidorous
answer: d
Burrowing nematode

a. Radopholus
b. Tylenchus
c. Ditylenchus
d. Xiphenema
answer: a
An approach to weed management
that implies non-exchange of weeds
from one area to another

a. Preventive
b. Eradication
c. Control
d. None of the above
answer: a
 When the herbicide applied
interfered with photosystems, its
classification belongs under
a. Mode of action
b. Toxicity
c. Mobility in plant
d. Physiology
answer: a
Weed seeds are banked in the soil
that is why weeds is_____

a. Competitive
b. Reproductive
c. Persistent
d. Pernicious
answer: c
When the type of weed interference
involves secondary plant substances,
it is likely to be

a. Competition
b. Allelopathy
c. Both
d. None of the above
answer: b
The most important criterion for a
plant to be a weed is

a. Interference
b. Reproduction
c. Depressiveness
d. Doing more harm
answer: a
Noxious weeds are a special group of
weeds because of their notoriety in
being harmful and damaging

a. True
b. Not really
c. Definitely not true
d. Not sure
answer: a
The most feared group (life span-
based) of weeds are

a. Annuals
b. Biennials
c. Simple perennials
d. Creeping perennials
answer: d
 Major weeds of crops deposited in
the soil seedbanked are estimated to
be at

a. 1-5%
b. 10-20%
c. 50-70%
d. 70-90%
answer: d