AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION AND COMMUNICATION

1. A professional communication intervention deployed by an institution to induce voluntary

behavioral change with presumed public utility

a. Extension education
b. Agricultural extension
c. Extension
d. Extension science

2. A process of facilitating self directed learning that seeks to produce competent people who are
able to apply learning under changing conditions

a. Adult education
b. Formal education
c. Informal education
d. Lifelong education

3. An organized, systematic educational activity carried outside the framework of the formal system
to provide selected types of learning to subgroups in the population

a. Informal education
b. Formal education
c. Non formal education
d. Lifelong education

4. An applied science with its own body of philosophy, principles, content, methods focused on the
problem of out of school education for adults and youth

a. Agricultural education
b. Extension education
c. Formal education
d. Informal education

5. A system which assist farm people through educational procedures to improve farming
methodology and income, better their levels of living and lift the social and education standards
of rural life

a. Agricultural education
b. Extension education
c. Formal education
d. Informal education

6. The first to institutionalize extension in a university

a. Cambridge University
b. London University
c. Oxford University
d. University of Chicago

7. The federal act in the United States of America that established and the land grant universities
which served as models to our country’s agricultural colleges and universities

a. 1860 Morill Act

b. 1887 Hatch Act
c. 1890 Morill Act
d. 1914 Smith Lever Act

8. The act which established the first legislated extension education in the world

a. 1860 Morill Act

b. 1887 Hatch Act
c. 1890 Morill Act
 d. 1914 Smith Lever Act

9. The Republic Act which is also known as the Local Government Code of 1991

a. RA 7160
b. RA 8435
c. RA 7610
d. RA 3844

10. The policy arm of the government to effect rural development

a. Agricultural extension
b. Research
c. Communication
d. Technology

11. The Local Government Code of 1991 affected the ____________of extension functions to the
local government unit

a. Concentration
b. Decentralization
c. Devolution
d. None of the above

12. One of the aim of rural development is

a. Promote utilization of technologies

b. Ensure wider distribution of benefits
c. All of the above
d. (a) only

13. The expected outputs of agricultural extension are

a. Goals
b. Selling fertilizers
c. Change in knowledge, skills, attitudes and practices
d. None of the above

14. The basic consideration in planning extension program include

a. Goals
b. Percieved problems of target groups
c. A and B
d. A only

15. Paradigm in agriculture characterized by the use of input such as fertilizers and other chemicals,
soil tillage, irrigation and physical infrastructure to arrest soil erosion is known as

a. Farming system
b. Conservation farming
c. Conventional farming
d. All of the above

16. Alternative agriculture includes :

a. Sustainable agriculture
b. Contour farming
c. Sloping agricultural land technology
d. Modern farming

17. Common features of agricultural extension worldwide are

a. Target system, change system, change agent system

b. Target system, policy system, input system
 c. Market system, communication system technology system
d. None of the above

18. The individual involved to facilitate change in agricultural extension programs is called

a. Extension clientele
b. Extension agent
c. Extension system
d. All of the above

19. A type of service provided by the Philippine agriculture extension system is

a. Information and communication support service

b. Civil service
c. Public service
d. None of the above

20. Agricultural modernization is characterized by

a. Appropriate production practice

b. Market and favorable environment
c. Availability of inputs and agro-support services
d. All of the above
21. The shift to participatory agricultural extension took place because of the failure of the linear top-
down extension to recognize that

a. Farmers group is very heterogeneous and they need different appropriate to in extension
to satisfy varied needs
b. Farmers knows best their needs and problem in farming
c. Farmers are not passive receivers of technology
d. All of the above

22. A participatory form of agricultural extension is

a. Transfer of technology model

b. Transfer of technology feedback model
c. Farmer back-to farmer model
d. All of the above

23. Which of the following is not a problem of agricultural extension in the Philippines

a. Lack of national agenda and unifying framework

b. Inadequate support service
c. Poor institutional linkages
d. None of the above

24. The type of agriculture characterized as low cost, low input, resource conserving environmentally
sound and economically viable farming system is called

a. Agricultural modernization
b. Good agriculture
c. Conventional agriculture
d. Alternative agriculture

25. It is a system of cultivation based on mutual understanding with society where farmers have an
obligation to society as providers of safe and nutritious food products; stewards of soils, water,
air and natural landscape for the sake of future generation

a. Organic farming
b. Sustainable agriculture
c. Farming for children
d. Contour farming

26. Which among the following is not related to the practice of participatory extension
 a. Social mobilization
b. Community Action Planning
c. Implementation and Farmer Experimentation
d. None of the above

27. A systematic and continuous process of assessing the progress and changes caused by the
implementation of an activity over period of time

a. Community analysis
b. Project planning
c. Monitoring
d. Data analysis

28. When end users of information are involved in the process of assessing progress and chance, the
activity is called

a. Participatory extension
b. Participatory planning
c. Participatory monitoring
d. Participatory evaluation

29. Information obtained in monitoring and evaluation of agricultural extension activities serve the
following purposes

a. Field demonstration
b. Project management and planning
c. Field day
d. Marketing

30. A management function in agricultural extension could help prevent the occurrence of
unanticipated negative impact. This is known as

a. Coordination
b. Recruitment
c. Planning
d. Monitoring

31. An activity in preparing for monitoring and evaluation wherein methodology and instrument are
fined tuned for appropriateness prior to actual implementation is called

a. Data collection
b. Data analysis
c. Pre-testing
d. Development of data collection instrument

32. The extension teaching method that gives the change agent the maximum of information about
his clients

a. Office call
b. Farm and Home visit
c. Method demonstration
d. Personal letter

33. The extension teaching method that indicates people’s recognition/acceptance of the change
agent’s technical expertise or that he has gained the confidence of his clients

a. Office / Technical service calls

b. Result demonstration
c. Farm visit
d. Informal discussion
34. The least useful method under rural Philippine condition

a. Office/ technical service call

b. Result demonstration
c. Telephone call
d. Informal discussion

35. The method that reaches a larger number of people and allows for immediate interaction between
the audience and the change agent

a. General meetings
b. Technical calls
c. Farm and home visits
d. Television

36. Reaches ate one time a large number of people who are physically and socially isolated

a. Farm and home visit

b. Field day
c. Radio
d. Movies

37. Method(s) which requires a certain level of literacy among the clients

a. Exhibits
b. Technical calls
c. Movies
d. Publications

38. A method which allows the combination of the different teaching methods in one setting

a. Field days
b. Field tours
c. Result demonstrations
d. Method demonstrations

39. The most appropriate method to use in teaching the mothers how to preserve fruits

a. Result demonstrations
b. Method demonstrations
c. Televisions
d. Informal discussion

40. Requires a local leader/ cooperator to work with

a. Campaign
b. Method demonstration
c. Farm visit
d. Result demonstrations

41. The most appropriate method to use to show to the community the superior qualities of high
yielding varieties of rice over the traditional one.

a. Result demonstrations
b. Method demonstrations
c. Farm visit
d. Campaign

42. An effective activity for wide execution after a recommended practice is found acceptable to the
local people

a. Contest
b. Meetings
c. Models
d. Telephone calls
43. “ Eye catchers” which are useful in sharing information on new technologies

a. Posters
b. Graphs
c. Models
d. A and C

44. The method which could turn to be a pleasure and not an educational activity if not carefully
planned and executed

a. Method demonstrations
b. Result demonstrations
c. Farm and Home Visit
d. Guided tour/ Educational trip

45. Method(s) adapted to all subject matters

a. Method demonstration
b. Result demonstation
c. Farm and Home visit
d. A and B

46. An organized /planned visit of farmers/ housememakers/ youths to see the result of a new
practice implemented in other areas

a. Field day
b. Result demonstration
c. Displays
d. Field tours

47. The method that reflects a high level of interest in the part of the client which the change agent
can make use of as a teaching-learning situation

a. Office / technical service

b. Home visit
c. Displays
d. Informal discussions

48. The method that may be combined

a. Radio and result demonstration

b. Home and Visit and exhibit
c. Movies and campaigns
d. All of these

49. A message sent back to the source, intentionally or unintentionally by the receiver, message or
channel

a. Intervention
b. Feedback
c. Technology
d. Response

50. The choice of appropriate extension methods/ techniques to use is primarily dependent upon the

a. Nature of the technology

b. Resources required
c. Objective(s) of the activity
d. Competence of the change agent
51. The most practical method/ strategy to use for creating awareness among farmers about swine
flu phenomenon

a. Radio
b. Leaflets
c. Meetings
d. Home visits

52. An extension strategy which may be conducted on a weekly basis to discuss about cooperative
development

a. Informal discussion
b. Farmers/ Women’s class
c. Meetings
d. Technical call

53. A message sent to the source, intentionally or unintentionally by the receiver, message or
channel is called

a. Intervention
b. Feedback
c. Technology
d. Response

54. Which do you think would be the best combination of methods in order to effect adoption of a
new corn variety?

a. Radio and farmer’s classes

b. Result demonstration and field day
c. Exhibit and farm visit
d. Result demonstration and farmers class

55. In evaluating the usefulness of an audio-visual aid in extension, which among the following
questions is least important?

a. Is it easily perceived
b. Is it culturally appropriate to the intended audience
c. Is it memorable
d. Is it colorful

56. If you were a change agent, which of the following would you choose to effect understanding of
the life cycle of a stemborer

a. Pie chart
b. Wall chart
c. Poster
d. Bar graph

57. In communication, feedback does not come from the :

a. Receiver
b. Source
c. Channel
d. Message

58. In this approach, field personnel tend to be recruited locally and remain in the project for a long
period of time

a. Farming system development approach

b. Educational institutional approach
c. Cost sharing approach
d. Participatory approach
59. Extension undertaken by academic institutions.

a. General extension approach

b. Educational institution approach
c. Participatory agricultural extension approach
d. Practicum

60. Effective communication if

a. They have similar education background

b. They are of the same nationality
c. They are of the same sex
d. They have established a common field of experience

61. Research result shows the amount of information remembered using various teaching methods.
Which among the following yields the highest?

a. Lecture
b. Lecture and visuals
c. Seeing and doing
d. Visuals

62. Indicators in evaluation usually derived from the:

a. Objectives
b. Methodology
c. Review of Literature
d. Other reports

63. The type of evaluation conducted right after project completion is called

a. Formative evaluation
b. Summative evaluation
c. Periodic evaluation
d. All of these

64. One method of collecting data to study changes in landscape is :

a. Social maps
b. Rankings
c. Using forms
d. Transects

65. Institutional/ Venn diagram is best used to illustrate

a. Popularity of individuals
b. Location of households in the barangay
c. Work linkages among different agencies
d. None of the above

66. To illustrate schedule of planting different cops over certain periods of the year, one can gather
data using

a. Calendars
b. Ranking
c. Photographs
d. Network diagrams

67. Causal chain analysis of project impact could be established using

a. Matrix scoring
b. Critical event analysis
c. Impact flow diagram
d. Social mapping
68. Impact refers to :

a. Short term output of products

b. Medium term results
c. Long term consequences
d. All of the above

69. Who benefits from feedback?

a. The receiver
b. The message
c. The channel
d. The source

70. Any contamination in the communication channel is

a. Fidelity
b. Homophily
c. Noise
d. Static sound

71. Who should possess good encoding skills for an effective communication?

a. The message
b. The Channel
c. The receiver
d. The source

72. Good decoding skills should be possessed by whom for an effective communication

a. The message
b. The channel
c. The receiver
d. The source

73. Refers to the potential of a communication channel for covering an extensive geographic area
with speed and timeliness

a. Channel multiplicative power

b. Channel complementarity
c. Channel feedback
d. Channel permanency

74. Which among the following channels possess the dimension referred to in the proceeding
number?

a. Radio
b. Newspaper
c. Telephone
d. Farmer’s meeting
e. Two individuals (like the extension worker and a farmer) will have more

75. Which of the following has the least effect on a change agent’s credibility

a. Technical competence
b. Client –orientation
c. Personal appearance
d. Dynamism
76. When a change agent tries to put himself in the situation/ reality of the farmer, he is exercising
the principle of

a. Sympathy
b. Empathy
c. Mimicry
d. Homogeneity

77. A condition in which two individuals are similar in some attributes like sex, age, culture etc

a. Heterophily
b. Homily
c. Monotony
d. Homophily

78. In extension, the first and foremost of a change agent is that of a

a. Planner
b. Teacher
c. Linker
d. Organizer

79. As a community organizer, which of the following knowledge / skills a change agent needs the
least?

a. Technical knowledge on rice

b. Eliciting community participation
c. Value formation and community commitment
d. Community-based resource management

80. In the extension delivery system, under what subsystem does the change agent generally
belong?

a. Agro-support system
b. Extension organization / change system
c. Beneficiary system
d. Research system

81. Which of the following does the rural people not expect to learn from extension

a. New scientific facts in farming

b. Develop research linkages with service agencies
c. Always depend on the change agent to decide for them
d. Born to work with other people

82. In social change theory, the process of communicating new ideas or practice into the social
system overt time is

a. Communication
b. Consequence
c. Invention
d. Diffusion

83. The category of social change which is caused by an outsider, usually a representative of planned
change, introduces new ideas to achieve definite goals

a. Permanent change
b. Immanent change
c. Selective contact change
d. Directed contact change

84. An idea, practice or object perceived as new by an individual or any unit of a social system

a. Invention
 b. Innovation
c. Intervention
d. Variation

85. The mental process through which an individual passes from the time of awareness of an
innovation to final adoption or rejection

a. Adoption process
b. Adaption process
c. Social change process
d. Infusion process

86. When a farmer does not adopt a particular innovation because it is in conflict with his religious
beliefs, the innovation is not acceptable in terms of its

a. Complexity
b. Relative advantage
c. Obersvability
d. Compatibility

87. A new variety of rice, say RCX has been readily adopted by the farmers because of its good
eating quality and high yield

a. Complexity
b. Relative advantage
c. Observability
d. Diversity

88. In Roger’s classification of adopters the most respected ones are the

a. Innovators
b. Early adopters
c. Early majority
d. Deliberate

89. If you were a change agent assigned in a particular community, with whom will you work first to
more or less assure of wide adoption of an innovation

a. Innovators
b. Early adopters
c. Early majority
d. Late majority

90. Which among the following, needs to be convinced with individual strategies?

a. Early adopters
b. Innovators
c. Laggards
d. Early majority

91. Which among the following strategies, is not utilized in the Training and Visit Approach?

a. Frequent and regular in –service training field workers

b. Fixed and regular visit of extension workers to farmer’s group
c. Shared decision-making by farmer’s group
d. Subject matter specialists train field worker

92. Which among the following strategies is/ are undertaken in the community specialized approach
 a. Specialized extension approach
b. Recommended input made available and accessible
c. System approach
d. A and B

93. In this approach farmer’s association/ cooperative and other stakeholders in community,
influence and exercise greater control of extension priorities and activities

a. Farming system development approach

b. Participatory agricultural extension
c. Project approach
d. Cost sharing approach

94. An approach whereby extension services are concentrated in a particular location and usually
there is an infusion of a large amount of external resources

a. Farming system development approach

b. Educational institution approach
c. Project approach
d. Cost sharing approach

95. An approach to demonstrate what can be done in a short period of time

a. Farming system development approach

b. Educational institution approach
c. Project approach
d. Cost sharing approach

96. A holistic approach in which the farmers participate actively in partnership with interdisciplinary
team of researchers

a. Farming system development approach

b. Educational institution approach
c. Project approach
d. Cost sharing approach

97. An extension approach with the assumption that extension field personnel are poorly trained, not
up to date and supervision is inadequate

a. General extension approach

b. Commodity specialized approach
c. Training and visit approach
d. Project approach

98. An approach which is commonly found in Government Ministry/ Department i.e Ministry /
Department of Agriculture, implemented through a unit of the department by assigning field staff
all over the country

a. General extension approach

b. Commodity specialized approach
c. Training and visit approach
d. Cost sharing approach

99. An approach whereby all functions which are related to a particular crop’s production are
orchestrated under one administration to make it more effective

a. Training and visit

b. Participatory agricultural extension approach
c. Commodity specialized approach
d. Cost sharing approach

100. Approach that focused on one crop, usually for export

 a. Training and visit
b. Project approach
c. Commodity specialized approach
d. Cost sharing approach

101. An approach with the assumption that farmers have much wisdom about food production
from their land and that their knowledge can be improved if through learning from outside
sources

a. Cost sharing approach

b. Project approach
c. Participatory agricultural extension
d. Farming system development approach

102. An approach with the assumption that locales may not be able to sufficiently support their
own development, thus outside sources should supplement/ compliment

a. Farming system development approach

b. Educational institutional approach
c. Cost sharing approach
d. Participatory approach

103. Which among the following is highly controlled by the central government

a. Educational institution approach

b. Participatory agricultural extension approach
c. General extension approach
d. Farming system development approach

104. Which approach entails lower cost on the part of the government

a. Participatory agricultural extension approach

b. General extension approach
c. Farming system development approach
d. Project approach

105. The Masagana 99 program was an example of what approach

a. Specialized commodity approach

b. Project approach
c. Educational institutional approach
d. Participatory agriculture extension approach

106. Which approach seem not feasible in a democratic country like the Philippines

a. General extension approach

b. Farming system development approach
c. Agriculture extension participatory approach
d. Training and visit approach

107. Which of the following is a criteria applied in evaluating long term objectives

a. Equity of impact
b. Sustainability
c. Effectiveness
d. All of these

108. SMART is used as a guide in writing project objectives. What does “A” stands for?

a. Accessible
b. Accountable
c. Advisable
d. Attainable

109. SMART is used as guide in writing project objectives. What does “M” stands for?
 a. Memorable
b. Measurable
c. Manageable
d. All of the above

110. Assessing the worth or value of something is called:

a. Coordination
b. Evaluation
c. Managing
d. Monitoring

111. The process of evaluation shows any of the following

a. Whether extension activities implemented had achieved its desired objectives

b. Objectives are clear
c. Understand project activities
d. None of the above

112. What type of indicator in evaluation measures effect of activities in relation to objectives?

a. Process indicators
b. Impact indicators
c. Evaluation indicators
d. All of the above

113. Which of the following levels could impact be assesses?

a. Output
b. Input
c. Outcomes
d. All of the above

114. Which of the following is not type of extension service

a. Farm or business advisory service

b. Training services
c. Demonstration Projects
d. Rapid Rural Appraisal

115. Under the AFMA, the goals of agricultural extension are

a. Accelerate the transformation of agriculture and fisheries from a resource-based

to technology based industry
b. Farm mechanization
c. Family planning
d. None of the above

116. Extension education is a

a. Conclusion-oriented science
b. Decision-oriented science
c. Both A and B
d. None of the above

117. Which of the following intervenes in a social progress to give deeper insights in the way
society functions by observing how change process occurs

a. Physical Science
b. Natural Science
c. Decision-Oriented Science
d. All of the above

118. Extension financial support at the LGU comes from the

 a. Donor institution
b. State Colleges and Universities
c. Share in the IRA
d. All of the above

119. IRA is an acronym to :

a. Internal Resources Allotment

b. Internal Revenue Allotment
c. Internal Revenue Allowance
d. Internal Revenue Allowance

END OF EXAMINATION IN AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION AND COMMUNICATION