Agricultural Extension and Communication

1. As a process, the basic consideration of agricultural development is for

a. The country to become globally competitive
b. Agricultural resources to be more fully and rationally utilized
c. The agricultural sector to be at par with those in the industrial and other sectors
d. Sustainability
2. Agricultural development is manifested through
a. Increases in agricultural man power
b. Increased food security
c. Improved efficiency of agriculture
d. Increased food sufficiency
3. Which of the following would be necessary condition for agricultural development to take
place?
a. Change in the level of modernity of production inputs
b. Higher level of external inputs to agriculture
c. Change in access to productive resources
d. Improved level of living of agricultural population
e. Increase in cultivated area
4. The new paradigm in agriculture is to look at farming as a/an
a. Way of life
b. Family tradition to uphold
c. Business
d. Good insurance when other occupations fail
e. Art
5. Modern agriculture demands that farmers are
a. Their own decision makers regarding the farm activities
b. Up to date with their technologies
c. Extensive adopters of external production inputs
d. Businessman
6. Modern agriculture demands that farmers are
a. Their own decision makers regarding the farm activities
b. Up to date with their technologies
c. Extensive adopters of external production inputs
d. Businessman
7. Which of the following is a wrong listing of the components of agricultural development?
a. Extension, production, marketing
b. Extension, governance, supply
c. Research, production, marketing
d. Marketing, research, extension
8. Which of the following does not describe process?
a. It does not have a beginning and an end
b. It is unidirectional
c. It is continuing
 d. There are steps which are sequential
e. It is a method of doing something
9. Which does not an agricultural resource?
a. Water
b. Agricultural manpower
c. Air
d. Policies
e. Credit
10. One major concern of sustainable agriculture is survival because
a. Man expects to live longer
b. Good is no longer sufficient
c. Population grows exponentially
d. Many technologies (e.g GMO’s) are perceived to be threats to man and his environment
11. Which of the following is an ecologically acceptable production practice?
a. Mono cropping
b. Planting along contours
c. Crop rotation
d. Heavy tillage
e. B & C
12. To achieve a thriving economic and social order requires changing production
a. Practices
b. Management
c. Structures
d. Inputs
e. Beliefs
13. Sustainability results to long term carrying capacity of regions which means that these areas
will
a. Continue to be highly productive
b. Maintain their total agricultural land area
c. Exhibit a continuing modernization of agriculture
d. Experience no negative effects on the environment
14. The effectivity of extension is best measured through its clienteles’s behavioral changes which
are
a. Spontaneous
b. Random
c. Permanent
d. Voluntary
15. Extension is an intervention that is
a. Intentional
b. Experiential
c. Long-lasting
d. Institutional structure
16. To induce change in its clientele, the extension agent’s tool is
a. Technology
b. Communication
 c. Training
d. Institutional structure
17. One requirement in introducing extension interventions is
a. Cooperation of clientele
b. Strategic use of resources
c. Support of local officials
d. Sufficient budget
18. The first activity in the extension agent’s work of intervening is
a. Informing people and local officials
b. Formulating objectives
c. Asking for budget
d. Organizing people in the intervenor’s agency
e. Deploying resources
19. In extension, the behavioral changes that the clientele must exhibit should satisfy their
objectives but must be according to the goals of the
a. Intervenor
b. Financial providers or benefactors
c. Local officials
d. Ruling elite
20. A veterinarian’s intervention that is directed towards sick animals is called
a. Medical
b. Expert’s
c. Specialized
d. Technical
21. When selecting an appropriate strategy to use in intervening, consider the
a. Cost of the strategy
b. Total manpower required to use the strategy
c. Objectives of the intervening agency
d. Intervenor’s familiarity with the strategy
22. Agricultural extension is a system of non-formal education because it
a. In not done by the people in the formal school system
b. Does not require a curriculum
c. Is graded non-formally
d. Is addressed to the here and the now
23. The focus of agricultural extension is to assist the rural people to
a. Help themselves
b. Get as much educations is possible
c. Get rich or better off
d. Use recommended technologies
24. The extension agent can provide rural people with useful and practical knowledge only when
he (extension agent) understands rural people’s
a. Conditions
b. Needs
c. Resources
d. Task environment
25. The agricultural agent’s task environment is at the same time
a. economic, religious, cultural and social
b. technological, spiritual, social and cultural
c. social, economic, political and religious
d. cultural, religious, social, economic
26. improvement of level of living of rural people is conditioned by
a. improvement in the overall economy
b. peace and order in the community/country
c. human resource development
d. absence of calamities
27. Philosophy of extension is a synthesis of beliefs about life and a body of knowledge about the
a. Out-of-school learner
b. Adult learner
c. Learners in general
d. Targeted learner of the extension activity being done
28. One’s view of life is based on his/her beliefs about what is
a. Good, possible and beautiful
b. Possible, noble and beautiful
c. Good, noble and beautiful
d. Good and beautiful
29. Philosophy of extension serves as the extension personnel’s
a. Guide to his actions
b. Standards of performance
c. Criteria for his decisions
d. Gauge for his extension programs
30. Philosophy of extension helps the extension agent in attaining what
a. He wants for himself
b. Is probable for his clientele
c. Is possible in relation to problems identified
d. Necessary for farmer’s lives to be improved
31. When one’s actions are not according to one’s beliefs, the feeling that will be experience is
called
a. Affective resonance
b. Cognitive dissonance
c. Active-reactive resonance
d. Experiential imbalance
e. Effective resonance
32. When an extension worker makes a commitment to devote his time and talents for the
upliftment of economically deprived and disadvantaged communities, this is an expression of
his
a. Vision
b. Mission
c. Goals
d. Philosophy
e. Objectives
33. Three of the four aspects of responsible well-being are
a. Developed capabilities, equity and sustainability
b. Equity, modernity, and developed capabilities
c. Productivity, sustainability, and equity
d. Respect, sustainability and equity
34. Which of the following illustrates “livelihood security?
a. Reliable access to adequate stocks, food and cash to meet basic needs
b. Ownership of agricultural land being operated
c. Sustained relationship between landowner and tenant
d. Permanency of employment as household help
e. Government support to production
35. The type of agriculture where the production of plants and animals is for the use of the family
and not for the market is called
a. Sustainable agriculture
b. Extractive agriculture
c. Modern agriculture
d. Traditional agriculture
e. Participatory agriculture
36. A development theory wherein there was the creation of metropolis in the third world countries
to facilitate the transfer of economic surplus to the western countries in the
a. Modernization theory
b. World system theory
c. Dependency theory
d. Development theory
37. The process of social and economic change as a result of utilizing land, labor, capital is
referred to as
a. Modernization
b. Globalization
c. Socio economic structural reform
d. Participatory
38. The term for extension in Spain is
a. Voorlichting
b. Forderung
c. Betarung
d. Capacitation
39. The term used for extension in Germany is
a. Penyuluhan
b. Vulgarization
c. Erzienhung
d. Perkembangan
40. In which country is extension defined as simplification of the message to the common man?
a. Austria
b. Korea
c. Dutch
d. France
41. The meaning of extension as education is commonly used in
a. Austria
b. Spain
c. USA
d. Indonesia
42. The Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act (AFMA) of the Philippines is also known as
a. Republic Act No. 8434
b. Republic Act No. 8210
c. Republic Act No. 8315
d. Republic Act No. 8350
43. The term university extension was first used in 1840 in
a. USA
b. Great Britain
c. Japan
d. China
e. Australia
44. The father of university extension is
a. Charles Fuller Baker
b. Walt Rostow
c. James Stuart
45. The use of indigenous resources and knowledge is a practice of
a. Modern agriculture
b. Conventional agriculture
c. Sustainable agriculture
d. Traditional agriculture
46. What is not a component of traditional agriculture
a. Human resources
b. Weather and Climate
c. Land and other natural resources
d. Infrastructures
47. The establishment of credit unions (Rural Bank of 1952) to provide production credit to the
farmers took place under the term of President
a. Manuel L. Quezon
b. Manuel B. Roxas
c. Elpidio Quirino
d. Ramon Magsaysay
e. Carlos P. Garcia
48. The Medium Term Agricultural Development Program was initiated by President
a. Carlos P. Garcia
b. Ferdinand Marcos
c. Diosdado Macapagal
d. Corazon C. Aquino
e. Fidel V. Ramos
49. The Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program was a program of President
a. Joseph Estrada
 b. Ferdinand Marcos
c. Fidel V. Ramos
d. Corazon C. Aquino
e. Diosdado Macapagal
50. The Masagana 99 was a program of President
a. Joseph Estrada
b. Ferdinand Marcos
c. Corazon Aquino
d. Gloria Macapagal Arroyo
e. Ramon Magsaysay
51. Who is the president of the Philippines, who believed that research would address fully our rice
problem and could be the basis for a comprehensive solution?
a. Manuel L. Quezon
b. Diosdado Macapagal
c. Elpidio Quirino
d. Ramon Magsaysay
52. A principle of sustainable agriculture which states that resources should be limited to what is
absolutely necessary in the principle of
a. Efficiency
b. Sufficiency
c. Consistency
d. Precaution
53. He was the first president of the Republic of the Philippines who was granted a loan of P75M
and during his term, agricultural production increased sustainability
a. Manuel L. Quezon
b. Elpidio Quirino
c. Manuel Roxas
d. Ramon Magsaysay
54. Teaching method that cannot be improved by visual treatment are
a. Telephone calls and radio programs.
b. Personal letters and visits
c. Office calls and circular visits
d. Get acquainted and organizational visits
e. Inter neighbor and organization visits
55. Among the five senses, the most important for learning to take place are
a. Touch and sight
b. Touch and smell
c. Sight and hearing
d. Smell and sight
e. Touch, smell and sight
56. Any device which utilizes the sense of sight in order to improve communication is known as
a. Primary visual
b. Displayed visual
c. Projected visual
d. Visual aid
 e. Photograph and film
57. The classification of visuals is based on
a. Learning needs
b. Nature and use of visual materials
c. Type of audience
d. Method of teaching
e. Audience and subject matter
58. Primary visual include
a. Photographs including transparencies
b. Specimen and drawings
c. Forms, representatives, or reproduction of concepts or things
d. Objects and models
e. Art work and symbols
59. They are powerful “attention getters” and “explainers” when used with news articles in
newspapers and magazines.
a. Objects
b. Specimen
c. Maps
d. Models
60. The story that a picture tells should refer to the
a. Topic
b. Title
c. Content
d. Caption in a newspaper
e. Lead in the story
61. They are realistic replicas of real things/
a. Objects
b. Specimens
c. Maps
d. Model
62. They represent a class or group of objects
a. Pictures
b. Specimen
c. Maps
d. Models
e. Symbol models
63. They are most useful with individual or group teaching method
a. Objects and Specimens
b. Films
c. Photographs
d. Television
e. Slide and filmstrips
64. They are flat representations of some portion of the earth’s surface
a. Graphic drawings
b. Pictures
 c. Maps
d. Films
e. Posters
65. They are information supplied in tabular form to show sequences and relationships.
a. Charts
b. Graphs
c. Line graphs
d. Statistical tables
e. Bar graphs
66. They are most accurate of all graphs.
a. Line graphs
b. Bar graphs
c. Pie graphs
d. Pictorial graphs
e. B&C
67. They are important in showing trends and relationships
a. Graphs
b. Line graphs
c. Bar graphs
d. Pie graphs
e. Pictorial graphs
68. They are diagrams or lines representing numerical quantities intended for quick comparisons
and contrast of statistical information
a. Graphs
b. Line graphs
c. Bar graphs
d. Pie graphs
e. Pictorial graphs
69. Leadership as a group phenomenon, is concerned with a
a. Group of people having a problem.
b. Specific situation and so is a function of that situation
c. Problem of a group and its solution
d. Group and being its leader
e. Leader and problems of the group
70. They are essential to effective leadership
a. Knowledge of human nature and acceptance of the leader by the group
b. Empathy and intelligence
c. Self-confidence and a desire to assume leadership role
d. Knowledge of the area in which leadership will develop
e. A&D
71. Leaders who are enlisted and trained for specific job opportunities are called
a. Organizational leader
b. Activity leaders
c. Program planners, council advisers, or committee members
d. Action leaders
 e. Opinion leaders
72. One way to locate lay leaders is to conduct
a. Observations
b. Elections
c. Study and development meetings
d. Visits
73. They are involved in advising and assisting the extension worker in the development of an
extension program
a. Opinion leaders
b. Action leaders
c. Activity leaders
d. Program planners, council advisors, or committee members
e. Organizational leaders
74. Which of the following is/are the goals of AFMA?
a. Poverty Alleviation and Social Equity
b. Global Competitiveness
c. Food Security
d. A B & C
e. None of them
75. The stage of the adoption process wherein the farmers would apply the technology on a large
scale in preference to old method
a. Awareness
b. Interest
c. Trial
d. Adoption
76. People participate in development programs and projects after they have been told of what is
going to happen or has already happened. This typology of participation is described as
a. Passive
b. Functional
c. Interactive
d. Cooperative
77. People participate in development programs and projects by providing the field but are not
involed in the experimentation ro in the process of learning. This typology of participation is
referred to as
a. Passive
b. Functional
c. Interactive
d. Cooperative
78. When farmer’s knowledge level and attitude are being influenced unknowingly this is referred
to as
a. Coercion
b. Manipulation
c. Exchange
d. Providing service
79. If power is exerted on the farmers to attain their goal this is called
 a. Coercion
b. Manipulation
c. Advice
d. Exchange
80. A form of communication used in rallies and demonstration is referred to as
a. Interpersonal
b. Intrapersonal
c. Discussion
d. Share
81. The farmer’s analysis-choice experiment approach was designed by
a. Tostow
b. Contado
c. Davide
d. Chambers
82. Phase iii of the Farmers Scientist Training Program is labeled
a. Testing and adaptation
b. Generation
c. Feedback
d. Transfer and Utilization
83. It promotes sustainable agricultural development in a corn-based production integrating crops
and animal production system in upland and lowland communities
a. FSTP
b. IBM
c. Farmer’s Field School
d. Farming System
84. It is a system that is centered of providing farmers with relevant, clear, and sensible advice,
which depends of two-way exchange of communication contacts between farm families,
extension workers, researchers and administrators.
a. Educational Institution System
b. General Extension System
c. Training and Visit System
d. Participatory extension system
85. The extension approach wherein foreign advice is provided to local staff is the
a. General approach
b. Participatory
c. Project approach
d. Commodity approach
86. The extension approach practiced by DA-ATI is the
a. Participatory approach
b. Commodity approach
c. General approach
d. Project approach
87. The extension approach practiced by PhilRice is the
a. Participatory approach
b. Commodity approach
 c. General approach
d. Project approach
88. If upstream research is the responsibility of the national RDE network, downstream research is
the responsibility of the
a. Regional RDE
b. Provincial RDE
c. Municipal RDE
d. Barangay RDE
89. An action which leads to desirable outcome is likely to be repeated in similar circumstances is
the basic law of
a. Extension
b. Communication
c. Learning
d. Motivation
90. Recognition given by the people you respect is an example of
a. Rewards
b. Motives
c. Drives
d. Benefits
91. People with perceived behavioral control will try to discover what they can do better if faced
with failure to obtain desired results. This behavioral control is
a. Self-immunity
b. Self-sufficiency
c. Self-efficacy
d. Self-respect
92. It is an example of individual Method in Extension
a. Farm and Home visit
b. Fairs/Exhibit
c. Campaigns
d. Field days
93. It is an example of mass media method in extension
a. Leaflets
b. Classes/seminars
c. Office calls
d. Model farmer
94. It is an example of Group Method in extension
a. Tours/excursions
b. Indigenous Folk Media
c. Modern Information Technology
d. Informal contacts
95. Extension approach is the ____________ of an agricultural system (FAO, 1988)
a. Style of action
b. Essence
c. Doctrine
d. Philosophy
96. They are the first person in the locality who will adopt an innovation
a. Laggards
b. Innovators
c. Early majority
d. Late majority
97. The stage in the adoption process wherein the farmer will seek further information about the
innovation
a. Evaluation
b. Awareness
c. Trial
d. Interest
98. Diffusion of an innovation takes place if
a. The benefits of the innovation are easy to observe
b. It is possible to try the innovation on a small scale
c. The innovation is coming from well-known scientist
d. The innovation is widely advertised
99. It is the total process by which and innovation spreads out among clients until a large number
have adopted it
a. Intervention
b. Adoption
c. Diffusion
d. Evaluation
100. According to Chambers the reason for non-adoption of innovation by the farmers in the
1950’s was
a. Technology does not fit
b. Input constraints
c. Ignorance of farmers
d. Lack of capital
101. An important phase in an extension program which identifies the group of farmers to be
reached
a. Initial situation
b. Contents
c. Target group
d. Evaluation
e. Methods
102. The operational design by which a national government implements its extension
policies is called extension
a. Method
b. Approach
c. Strategy
d. Principle
103. Determining the extent to which the desired extension program results have been
achieved and how this information will be used for improving extension is addressed by
a. Monitoring 2
b. Information management
 c. Evaluation
d. Methods and strategy
104. If the success of an extension approach is measured by the total productivity of a
particular crop, this approach is the
a. General extension approach
b. Commodity specialized approach
c. Farming systems development approach
d. Training and visit approach
105. If the measure of success of this particular approach is farm people’s willingness and
ability to provide some share of the cost, individually or through their local government units,
this approach is the
a. General extension approach
b. Commodity specialized approach
c. Farming systems development approach
d. Cost-sharing approach
106. An extension approach which is controlled locally, often by farmer’s association, is the
a. Project extension approach
b. Participatory approach
c. Farming systems development approach
d. Educational institution approach
107. An extension approach wherein research results are tailored to meet the needs and
interests of local farming conditions is the
a. Project extension approach
b. Participatory approach
c. Farming systems development approach
d. Training and visit approach
108. The extension approach includes a project management staff, project allowances for
field staff, better transportation, facilities, equipment, and better housing than regular
government programs.
a. Project extension approach
b. Participatory approach
c. Farming systems development approach
d. Training and visit approach
e. Educational institution approach
109. This extension approach is highly disciplined and patterned, with fixed schedule of
training of village extension workers to farmers
a. Project extension approach
b. Participatory approach
c. Commodity approach
d. Training and visit approach
e. Educational institution approach
110. Basic concept in extension which help rural people acquire knowledge, skills and
attitude that will help them effectively utilize the information of technology
a. Extension communication
b. Extension education
 c. Extension system
d. Extension research
e. Extension management
111. An important role of extension in sustainable development is
a. Transferring technology
b. Promoting the use of external inputs
c. Walking the learning path
d. Defining an incentive system
112. Increasing private sector participation in the agricultural extension activities to improve
the delivery of services is the intent of
a. Commercialization
b. Cost-sharing scheme
c. Privatization
d. Revitalization
113. The administration of the delivery of extension services to the rural areas or its rural
clientele is the concern of extension
a. Communication
b. Support system
c. Program planning
d. Management
114. What would you call the organized and coherent combination of methods or schemes to
make rural extension effective in or particular area?
a. Approach
b. Strategy
c. Organization
d. management
115. When we talk of the structural and management set-up for extension activities to get
implemented we refer to extension
a. Management
b. Administration
c. Organization
d. Supervision
116. The schemes, methods or designs used in extension work to achieve certain goals are
called extension
a. Approaches
b. Techniques
c. Plans
d. Strategies
117. When in extension there is the combined efforts of different entities, such as the
university, NGO’s organizations, for information dissemination or technology transfer to take
place, we refer to this as extension
a. System
b. Collaboration
c. Linkage
d. Management
118. The legal foundation of whole cooperative extension work in the USA is the
a. Morril Act of 1890
b. Morril Act of 1862
c. Land Grand Act.
d. Smith Lever Act of 1914
119. The Land Grant Colleges in the USA were established through the
a. Morril Act of 1890
b. Morril Act of 1862
c. Land Grant Act
d. Smith Lever Act
120. The beginning of extension work in the Philippines was through the
a. Land Emancipation Act
b. Extension centers of agricultural colleges
c. Granjas Modelos
d. Women’s and youth clubs
121. The home extension service in the Philippines was founded in 1923 by Miss
a. Maria Y. Orosa
b. Eva Kalaw Katigbak
c. Helena Benitiz
d. Mercedes Concepcion
122. The creation of Bureau of Agricultural Extension was the recommendation of the
a. World Bank Mission
b. ASEAN Mission
c. Philippine Congress of 1901
d. Bell Survey Mission
123. The Philippines adopted the training and visit system as a result of the appraisal of the
country’s agricultural extension service by the
a. World Bank mission
b. Bell Survey mission
c. ASEAN mission
d. New Society Agricultural Task Force
124. The death of the Bureau of Agricultural Extension meant the birth of the
a. Local Government Unit’s extension division
b. Regional consortium on agricultural extension
c. State Colleges and Universities extension centers
d. Agricultural Training Institute
125. RA 7160 devolved the agricultural extension services of the department of Agriculture to
the
a. State colleges and universities
b. Local government units’
c. Non-g0vernment organizations that are into extension works
d. Institutions named in a to c
126. The process whereby information and improve practices spread form their originating
source to thousands of ultimate users is called
a. Adoption
 b. Diffusion
c. Information communication
d. Technology transfer
127. The adoption process occurs
a. at the individual level
b. between persons
c. among groups
d. at the community level
128. the stage in the adoption process wherein the farmers will seek further information
about the innovation is called
a. awareness
b. evaluation
c. interest
d. trial
129. the stage in the adoption process wherein the farmers would apply a technology on a
large scale is called
a. adoption
b. decision-rejection
c. evaluation
d. trial
130. the stage in the adoption process where mass media is the best source of information is
the
a. awareness stage
b. interest stage
c. evaluation stage
d. trial stage
131. The stage in the adoption process where close friends and other farmers are best
sources of information is the
a. Interest stage
b. Trial stage
c. Evaluation stage
d. Adoption stage
132. The first persons on the locality to adopt a technology are called
a. Early adopters
b. Early majority
c. Innovators
d. Trend setters
133. One characteristics of the late adopters or the laggards is that they are
a. Cosmopolite
b. Younger than the majority
c. More conservative
d. High risk takers
134. Which category of adopters of technologies make up the large block of farmers in the
community
a. Innovators
 b. Early adopters
c. Early majority
d. Late majority
135. The smallest category of adopters of technology are the
a. Innovators
b. Early adopters
c. Late majority
d. Laggards
136. An idea, method, or object which is regarded as new by an individual is called a/an
a. Construct
b. Recommendation
c. Technology
d. Innovation
137. Generally, the adoption process follows the following sequence
a. Awareness, trial, interest, evaluation, adoption
b. Awareness, trial, evaluation, interest, adoption
c. Awareness, interest, evaluation, trial, adoption
d. Awareness, interest, trial, evaluation, adoption
138. One characteristic of technology that will improve its rate of adoption is when it will
enable the farmer to achieve goals better or at a lower cost than he could previously. This is
called
a. Relative advantage
b. Observability
c. Compatibility
d. Simplicity
139. If an extension worker finds difficulty in introducing birth control methods to a very
religious Catholic community, this is because of a characteristic of the idea called
a. Relative disadvantage
b. Compatability
c. Trialability
d. Observability
140. If it is difficult to get high adoption of use of computers by a group of 75-year old senior
citizens, it is because of the characteristic of the technology which is
a. Compatability
b. Relative disadvantage
c. Complexity
d. Trialability
141. If there is high adoption of fertilizers because the farmers can start using fertilizer on a
small size, a characteristic of the technology that is working is
a. Relative disadvantage
b. Simplicity
c. Observability
d. Trialability
142. If there are more participants in a dress making class than in reforestation program, it is
because results of the sewing class are highly
 a. Compatible
b. Observable
c. Simple
d. Advantageous to participants
143. More recently diffusion studies show that adoption of technology is not only because of
the characteristics of the technology but also because of the
a. Characteristics of the extension worker
b. Characteristics of the farmers
c. Process whereby the technology was developed
d. Work environment of the farmer
144. The process by which we receive information or stimuli from our environment and
transform it into psychological awareness is called
a. Communication
b. Learning
c. Perception
d. Stimulation
145. The process whereby a person exhibits a relatively permanent change in his/her
behavior due to practice is called
a. Exercise
b. Learning
c. Motivation
d. Teaching
146. Which of the following is the correct communication model designed by Berlo?
a. SMERC
b. SCMRE
c. SMREC
d. SMCRE
147. The “S” in Berlo’s communication model stands for
a. Source
b. Subject
c. Symbol
d. Substance
148. The “C” in Berlo’s communication model stands for?
a. Connection
b. Channel
c. Control
d. Clarity
149. The “E” in Berlo’s communication model stands for?
a. Evaluation
b. Effect
c. Efficiency
d. Effectiveness
150. The “M” in Berlo’s communication stands for?
a. Memory
b. Mental
 c. Motivation
d. Message
151. The “R” in Berlo’s communication stands for?
a. Repetition
b. Reception
c. Receiver
d. Remembering
152. Which of the following elements Berlo’s communication model is ENCODED into
symbols?
a. S
b. M
c. R
d. C
153. Which element in Berlo’s communication model DECODES the message?
a. S
b. M
c. R
d. C
154. By DECODING is meant
a. Attaching meaning to the symbols
b. Changing ideas into symbols
c. Rearranging symbols assigned for ideas
d. Inventing codes for confidentiality
155. When the element E in Berlo’s model is used by S; the process is called
a. Monitoring
b. Evaluation
c. Assessment
d. Feedbacking
156. When an extension worker is explaining the steps in the use of a technology, he is a
communication situation and is serving as the
a. S
b. M
c. R
d. C
157. The farmers listening to the explanation of the extension worker o the steps to follow are
also in a communication situation and are representing the
a. S
b. M
c. R
d. C
158. The extension worker and the farmers in the above communication situation are
effectively communication of only if
a. The farmers listen attentively to the extension worker
b. They share common meanings for the subject discussed
c. The extension worker is good at explaining
 d. The communication situation takes place in conducive environment
159. Berlo said that meanings are in
a. People
b. The words being communicated
c. Experiences of people initiating the communication
d. Context of the communication
160. Effective communication means
a. There are no blocks or barriers in the communication
b. There is communication fidelity
c. Xource of message and its receiver are in homophily
d. Getting the message across
161. Heterophily in communication means
a. Meanings of symbols are shared by all
b. Variations in culture and language
c. Diversity in channels used
d. More advanced means of reaching a large number of people
162. An important factor to consider in selecting a communication channel is
a. Cost in the use of the channel
b. Level of sophistication of the channel
c. Size and nature of audience
d. Versatility
163. Which of the following is the most important message variable to consider when
communicating with farmers?
a. Up-to-dateness
b. Number of people who will react negatively to it
c. Content
d. Source
164. Teaching methods means
a. Delivery of the subject matter to learners
b. Getting learners to interact with subject matter
c. The process of transferring subject matter to the interested learner
d. The strategy used by the teacher in the classroom
165. Learning is defined as the
a. Knowledge gained from exposure to learning experiences
b. End-result of the transfer of knowledge from teacher to learner
c. Relatively permanent change in behavior brought about by practice
d. Teacher’s intent in any teacher-learner interaction
166. The change in behavior that has something to do with the learners’ mental skills are
referred to as
a. Affective skills
b. Psychomotor skills
c. Cognitive skills
d. Intellectual skills
167. The change from one who cannot exhibit a particular manipulative skill to someone who
can do it is referred to as change in
 a. Affective abilities
b. Cognitive abilities
c. Psychomotor abilities
d. Manipulative abilities
168. If after a training a farmer exhibits a favorable attitude to a technology he has earlier
rejected, that change in behavior is under the
a. Affective domain
b. Cognitive domain
c. Psychomotor domain
d. Socio-intellectual domain
169. The teaching method whereby a great number of people come to know about a subject
matter at the same time is called
a. Group method
b. Multi-group method
c. General patronage method
d. Mass method
170. Farm and home visits is classified under which type of extension teaching method
a. Individual method
b. Group method
c. Multi-group method
d. Mass method
171. The radio is an excellent channel for what type of extension teaching method?
a. Individual method
b. Group method
c. Multi-group method
d. All of the above
172. The process demonstration falls under what type of extension teaching method?
a. Individual method
b. Group method
c. Multi-group method
d. Mass method
173. What teaching method would you use if you need to give specific instructions to specific
farmers?
a. Individual method
b. Group method
c. Multi-group method
d. Mass method
174. Field trips fall under what type of teaching method?
a. Group method
b. Multi-group method
c. Mass method
d. All of the above
175. In the case of SARS, what teaching method would be best to use to inform the public
about precautionary measures?
a. Individual method
 b. Group
c. Multi-group method
d. Mass method
176. Extension approach is an organized or coherent combination of
a. Strategies and method
b. Principles and philosophy
c. Theory and practice
d. Programs and activities
177. The objective of extension approach is to
a. Facilitate implementation of extension programs
b. Ensure participation of all segments of society
c. Make rural extension more effective
d. Deliver national development programs according to plans
178. Transfer of technology is the general nature of what extension approach?
a. Commodity specialized approach
b. Training and visit system approach
c. Farming systems development approach
d. General agricultural extension approach
179. What extension approach has for its basic assumption that extension personnel are
poorly trained, not up-to-date, and tend to stay in their offices?
a. Project approach
b. Training and visit system approach
c. Farming systems development approach
d. General agricultural approach
180. What extension approach has for its basic assumption that better results can be
achieved in a particular location?
a. General agricultural extension approach
b. Project approach
c. Commodity approach
d. Agricultural extension participatory approach
181. What extension approach has its basic assumption that technology which fits the
farmers, particularly the small farmers, is not available and needs to be generated locally?
a. Cost sharing approach
b. Commodity approach
c. Framing systems development approach
d. Training and visit system approach
182. What extension approach makes use of “contact farmers”?
a. Training and visit system approach
b. Farming systems de elopement approach
c. Commodity approach
d. Project approach
183. What extension approach would disadvantages some farmers because their interest
may have less priority than those of the extension organization?
a. Training and visit system approach
b. Farming systems development approach
 c. Commodity approach
d. Project approach
184. What extension approach fails to adjust extension messages to different localities
because the messages have already been formulated prior to the extension work?
a. Training and visit system approach
b. Cost-sharing approach
c. Project approach
d. General agricultural extension approach
185. What extension approach requires a large number of extension personnel?
a. Agricultural extension participatory approach
b. General agricultural extension approach
c. Training and visit system approach
d. Commodity approach
186. What extension approach is it where its measure of success is the total productivity of a
particular crop?
a. Project approach
b. Farming systems development approach
c. Commodity approach
d. Training and visit system approach
187. What extension approach is it where its measure of success is the extent of farm
peoples’ willingness to shoulder some of the expenses whether individually or by the local
government unit?
a. Project approach
b. Cost-sharing approach ]
c. commodity approach
d. general agricultural extension approach
188. The operational design by which a national government implements its extension
policies is called?
a. Extension method
b. Extension approach
c. Extension programs
d. Extension strategy
189. When extension concentrates on the delivery of specific technology within defined
ecozones this illustrates.
a. Extension strategy
b. Extension approach
c. Extension policy
d. Extension method
190. When the country’s nutrition program gives priority to highly vulnerable groups such as
pre-schoolers and pregnant women, this illustrates.
a. Extension approach
b. Extension policy
c. extension strategy
d. Extension program
191. When government says there will be no importation or exportation of certain
commodities to express its rejection of trade globalization, this illustrates.
a. Extension policy
b. Extension strategy
c. Extension approach
d. Extension program
192. Total log ban illustrates
a. Extension program
b. Extension approach
c. Extension policy
d. Extension strategy
193. When extension assumes that if only available technology and information could be
communicated to the farmers, then farm practices would be improved, this illustrates the
extension approach called?
a. General agricultural extension approach
b. Commodity specialized approach
c. Farming systems development approach
d. Project approach
194. When the measure of success of an extension delivery system is the total productivity of
a particular crop, the approach being followed is called?
a. Commodity specialized approach
b. Project approach
c. Farming systems developed approach
d. General agricultural extension approach
195. In which extension approach are farmers disadvantaged because extension does not
provide advisory service to other aspects of farming?
a. Cost-sharing approach
b. Commodity specialized approach
c. Farming systems development approach
d. Training and visit system approach
10. B 25. D 40. D
11. E 26. A 41. C
12. C 27. B 42. A
Answers 13. D 28. D 43. B
14. D 29. A 44. C
15. A 30. C 45. C
1. B 16. B 31. B 46. D
2. D 17. B 32. D 47. C
3. C 18. B 33. D 48. E
4. C 19. A 34. A 49. D
5. A 20. D 35. D 50. B
6. A 21. C 36. C 51. B
7. D 22. D 37. D 52. B
8. B 23. A 38. D 53. B
9. D 24. A 39. C 54. A
55. C 100. C 145. B 190. C
56. D 101. C 146. D 191. B
57. B 102. C 147. A 192. D
58. C 103. D 148. B 193. A
59. B 104. B 149. B 194. A
60. C 105. E 150. D 195. B
61. D 106. B 151. C 196.
62. B 107. C 152. B
63. A 108. A 153. C
64. C 109. D 154. B
65. A 110. B 155. C
66. A 111. C 156. A
67. B 112. C 157. D
68. A 113. D 158. A
69. B 114. A 159. C
70. E 115. C 160. B
71. D 116. D 161. A
72. E 117. A 162. B
73. D 118. D 163. B
74. D 119. B 164. C
75. D 120. A 165. C
76. A 121. A 166. B
77. D 122. D 167. C
78. B 123. A 168. A
79. A 124. D 169. D
80. A 125. B 170. B
81. D 126. B 171. C
82. D 127. A 172. B
83. A 128. C 173. A
84. C 129. A 174. A
85. C 130. A 175. D
86. C 131. C 176. A
87. B 132. C 177. A
88. B 133. C 178. D
89. C 134. D 179. B
90. A 135. A 180. B
91. C 136. D 181. C
92. A 137. C 182. A
93. A 138. A 183. C
94. A 139. B 184. D
95. B 140. C 185. B
96. B 141. D 186. C
97. D 142. B 187. B
98. B 143. C 188. D
99. C 144. C 189. A