Computational Intelligence

Dr. Muhammad Umair

Assistant Professor
Faculty of Information Technology
University of Central Punjab

1
Lecture 22

• What is Fuzzy Logic?

• What is Fuzzy?
• Fuzzy Logic Vs Crisp Logic
• World is Fuzzy
• Concept of Fuzzy System
• Concept of Fuzzy Set
• Example
• Fuzzy Set Vs Crisp Set
• Degree of Membership
• Some basic terminologies and notations

2
What is fuzzy Logic?
• Is a mathematical language to express something.
• So, it has grammar, syntax, semantics like a language for communication.
• Some other mathematical languages are:
• Relational Algebra (Operation on sets)
• Boolean Algebra (Operation on Boolean variables)
• Predicate Algebra (Operation on predicates/well known formula).

• Fuzzy logic deals with fuzzy sets or fuzzy Algebra.

3
What is Fuzzy?
• Dictionary means not clear, noisy, etc.
• Is this picture on slide is Fuzzy?

• Antonym of fuzzy is crisp

• Is the chips is crisp?

4
Fuzzy Logic Vs Crisp logic

5
Fuzzy Logic Vs Crisp logic

6
Example: Fuzzy Logic Vs Crisp Logic

7
World is Fuzzy

8
Concept of Fuzzy set?

Fuzzy Element(s)

Fuzzy set

Fuzzy Rules
Input

Fuzzy Inferences

Output
Fuzzy System

9
Concept of Fuzzy Set
• Lets clear our concept of fuzzy set with crisp set.
• Let
• X be the entire population of Pakistan
• M be the all Muslim population 𝑀 = {𝑚1 , 𝑚2 ,…, 𝑚𝑁 }
• H be the all Hindu population 𝐻 = {ℎ1 , ℎ2 ,…, ℎ𝐿 }
• Venn Diagram representation
• Finite set of all the individuals, such a set is called crisp set.

H
M

X
10
Example of Fuzzy Set

11
Fuzzy Set Vs Crisp Set

12
Fuzzy Set Vs Crisp Set

13
Degree of membership
• How to decide the degree of membership of elements in fuzzy sets?

City Lahore Islamabad Peshawar Karachi Quetta Multan

µ 0.75 0.95 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.6

• How the cities of comfort can be judge?

14
Example: Course evaluation in crisp way

15
Example: Course evaluation in crisp way

16
Course Evaluation in Fuzzy way

17
Few examples of fuzzy sets

18
19
Some basic terminologies
• X is all cities in Pakistan

• A is the city of comfort

• A={(Islamabad, 0.95), (Lahore, 0.75), (Peshawar, 0.5), (Karachi,0.4), (Quetta,
0.3), (Multan, 0.6)}

20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
I hope you enjoyed lecture
• My contacts:
• 03335610677
• 042-35880007 ext 464
• muhammad.umair@ucp.edu.pk

• Fb: umairbwp

• I am in search of hardworking and motivated students for continuing

their research with me.

28
Thankyou

29