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SINDROM NEFROTIK DR Nenden
SINDROM NEFROTIK DR Nenden
Tujuan Umum
cartilagenous tissue
small nose, wide-set eyes, low-set ears
Prognosis : infaust
SECONDARY NEPHROTIC SYNDROME
Causes of secondary nephrotic syndrome
•Hepatitis B •Syphilis
2. Infections •Malaria •Filariasis
•Leprosy •Schistosomiasis
Generelised edema
(anasarca)
Older child with
nephrotic syndrome
Pitting peripheral
oedema
Nephrotic Syndrome
Ascites
Nephrotic syndrome
Urinary analysis:
pH
proteinuria massive
(selective - albumin 85-95%)
qualitative/semiquantitative > 2+
quantitative : Esbach
leukocyturia
haematuria
double refractile lipoid bodies
hyaline cast
Plasma :
Hb , Ht
hypoalbuminaemia, reverse ratio alb/glob
hypercholesterolaemia
normal: ureum, creatinine
Definisi
• Remisi
– Proteinuria negatif atau (<4mg/m2 LPB/jam) 3 hari berturut-turut
dlm 1 mgg
• Relaps
– Proteinuria ≥ 2+ (proteinuria 40mg/m2LPB/jam) 3 hari berturut-
turut dalam 1 mgg
• Relaps jarang
< 2x dalam 6 bulan pertama setelah respon awal atau kurang dari 4x
per tahun
• Relaps sering
≥ 2x dalam 6 bulan pertama setelah respon awal atau ≥ 4x per tahun
• Dependen steroid
Relaps 2x berurutan pada saat steroid diturunkan (alternating) atau
dlm 14 hari setelah pengobatan dihentikan
• Resisten steroid
Tidak terjadi remisi pada pengobatan prednison dosis penuh (Full
dose) selama 4 mgg
• Sensitif steroid
Remisi terjadi pada pemberian prednison dosis penuh selama 4 mgg
• Steroid Dependence
– Two consecutive relapses occurring during
corticosteroid treatment or within 14 days of
its cessation
• Steroid Resistance
– Failure to achieve response in spite of 4
weeks of prednisone 60 mg/m2*day
Tujuan 3. Memberikan tata laksana sindrom
nefrotik
• Pengobatan dengan prednison
• SNRS : Imunosupresan
• Edema Anasarka : Tirah baring
• Pengobatan suportif ;diet nefrotik & diuretik.
• Hipertensi : Antihipertensi
• Pemberian albumin/plasma jika ada indikasi
edema refrakter, gagal ginjal akut, atau syok.
TREATMENT
1. Medication
1. STEROID
2. DIURETICS
3. IMMUNOSUPRESSIVE AGENTS
2.Dietary (nephrotic diet)
LOW SALT (1-2 g/day)
PROTEIN 2-3 g/kg/day
3. OPTIMIZING CONDITION
(physic,psychology,social)
- Activity : not limited
- Immunization: as scheduled
- Psychological support : the child + parents
FOLLOW UP
OUT PATIENT CLINIC:
- Symptomatic : weekly - monthly
- Asymptomatic : every 3-6 months (renal
function evaluation)
ADMISSION :
generelized oedema, severe hypertension,
severe infection, shock, acute renal failure, initial
attack nefrotik syndrome
STANDARD TREATMENT
CORTICOSTEROID (PREDNISON)
INITIAL TREATMENT
4 MINGGU 4 MINGGU
Prednison FD: 60 mg/m2/day
Prednison AD: 40 mg/m2/day
STEROID RESISTANT
IMMUNOSUPRESSIVE AGENTS