Professional Documents
Culture Documents
6.01 Aircraft Design
6.01 Aircraft Design
• Parts of an Airplane
• Aircraft Construction
• Landing Gear
• Standard Terminology
Definition
The airplane is defined as:
• A power-driven…
• Heavier-than air aircraft…
• Deriving its lift in flight from aerodynamic
reactions…
• On surfaces that remain fixed under given
conditions of flight.
Parts of an Airplane
Parts of an Airplane
Parts of an Airplane
Parts of an Airplane
Fuselage
The fuselage is the main body of the aircraft, where the
passengers, cargo and crew go.
Fuselage
• The fuselage is normally classified according to the type
of construction:
• -Truss Type
• -Monocoque
• -Semi-monocoque
Fuselage – Truss Type
Fuselage – Semi-Monocoque
Empennage
• The empennage is the rear portion of the airplane
• It is integral to control and stability during flight
Wing Construction
• Spars
spanwise members
wood or metal
carry bending loads
• Ribs
web or truss
give wing its
cambered shape
Wing Construction
Edges
Leading Edge
Trailing Edge
Strength & Shape
Wires
Internal / External
Bracing for strength
Covering
Metal or Fabric
Metal strength
Wing Layouts
• High Wing
• Mid Wing
• Low Wing
• Bi-Plane
Wing Layouts
• High Wing
• Mid Wing
• Low Wing
• Bi-Plane
Wing Layouts
• High Wing
• Mid Wing
• Low Wing
• Bi-Plane
Wing Layouts
• High Wing
• Mid Wing
• Low Wing
• Bi-Plane
Confirmation
Landing Gear
• Conventional (Tail-Dragger) - Two main wheels
and a tail wheel
• PROS
• Reduced drag at cruise
• Higher cruising speed
• CONS
• Added weight
• Added mechanical complexity
• Risk of “Gear Up” Landing (land based)
• Risk of “Gear Down” Landing (amphibious)
Landing Gear
Shock Absorption
• Air/Oil oleos
• -tail dragger?
• -tricycle gear?
• -retractable gear?
• -float plane?
• -high wing?
• -low wing?
• -mid wing?
• -biplane?
• The angle between the chord line and the relative airflow
• It is a measure of how much the wing ‘bites’ into the air
Confirmation
Confirmation Check
Confirmation
What kind of landing gear is this?
Confirmation
What is the angle of attack?
Confirmation
What are some of the differences between
powered aircraft and gliders?
Confirmation