RFID- Radio Frequency

Identification

Chrisan Machado 13
Jessica Anthony 21
Linnet Dsouza 27
Priyanka Harne 40
Roshil Lobo 47
Mrinal sandbhor 31

MMS-1 Div A
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Flow of presentation
 Introduction
 History and background - RFID
 Working of RFID
 RFID Tags
 Applications
 Benefits and Challenges
 Conclusion

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 Introduction
• First used over sixty years ago by Britain
to identify aircraft in World War II

• In 1960s RFID was first considered as a

solution for the commercial world

• RFID ensuring up-to-date information

• Tags contain a unique identification number

called an Electronic Product Code (EPC)

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• All information stored on RFID tags accompanies items as
they travel through a supply chain or other business process.

• Most RFID tags contain at least two parts.

 One is an integrated circuit for storing

and processing information

 The other is an antenna for receiving

and transmitting the signal

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• Three types of RFID tags:

 Passive RFID tags

 Active RFID tags

 Battery assisted passive (BAP) RFID tags

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 History

• In 1915 the British developed a system called IFF

(Identification: Friend or Foe)

• The first modern predecessor of the RFID was

something that Mario Cardullo demonstrated to the New
York Port Authority in 1971.

• Steven Depp, Alfred Koelle, and Robert Freyman

demonstrated a system in 1974 which used RFID tags.

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• Charles Walton was granted the first patent to use the
acronym RFID in 1983.

• In 1945 Léon Theremin invented for the Soviet Union

which retransmitted incident radio waves with audio
information

• The IFF transponder invented in the United Kingdom

in 1915, was used by the allies in World War II to
identify aircraft as friend or foe
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• Mario Cardullo's device in 1973 was the first true
ancestor of modern RFID, as it was a passive radio
transponder with memory

• The largest deployment of active RFID is the US

Department of Defense

• The largest passive RFID deployment is the Defense

Logistics Agency

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Working Of RFID

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Components of RFID System

• Antenna
• A Transponder or Tag
• A Transceiver

RFID Chip
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Working of RFID

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What are RFID Tags?

• Passive Tags

• Semi-Passive Tags

• Active Tags

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RFID tags

•Tags can be attached to almost anything:

– Items, cases or pallets of products, high value goods
– vehicles, assets, livestock or personnel
•Passive Tags
– Do not require power – Draws from Interrogator Field
– Lower storage capacities (few bits to 1 KB)
– Shorter read ranges (4 inches to 15 feet)
– Usually Write-Once-Read-Many/Read-Only tags
– Cost around 25 cents to few dollars
•Active Tags
– Battery powered
– Higher storage capacities (512 KB)
– Longer read range (300 feet)
– Typically can be re-written by RF Interrogators
– Cost around 50 to 250 dollars

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RFID tags: Smart labels
A paper label
with RFID inside

an antenna,
printed, etched
or stamped ...

… and a chip … on a substrate

attached to it e.g. a plastic
foil ...

Source: www.rfidprivacy.org
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Some RFID tags

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RFID tag memory
• Read-only tags
– Tag ID is assigned at the factory during manufacturing
• Can never be changed
• No additional data can be assigned to the tag
• Write once, read many (WORM) tags
– Data written once, e.g., during packing or manufacturing
• Tag is locked once data is written
• Similar to a compact disc or DVD
• Read/Write
– Tag data can be changed over time
• Part or all of the data section can be locked

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APPLICATIONS
• Material tracking
• Warehousing
• Production
• Logistics
• Pharmaceutical
• Healthcare
• Event management
• Cashless payment system
• Library, Video store
• Hospitality
• Retail
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• Security
• Transportation management
• Hospitality
• Inmate tracking
• Animal Tracking
• Arts and Entertainment
• Military
• Transportation management
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Material Tracking

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Portal Applications

Bill of Lading
Material Tracking

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Conveyor / Assembly Line

Read / Write Operations

Higher Accuracy than Bar Code

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Warehousing

TO IDENTIFY
ITEMS

TO CHECK IF
GOODS ARE
STORED
CORRECTLY

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Production

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Logistics

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PHARMACEUTICAL HEALTH CARE

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Event management

CHILDREN WEARING RFID BANDS

RFID WRIST BAND

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Library

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 PRISON INMATE
SECURITY
TRACKING

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 RFID USED IN
TRANSPORT MANAGEMENT

ROADWAYS

RAILWAYS

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 RFID USED IN MILITARY AND
SPORTS

RFID USED IN STADIUM

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 BENEFITS OF
RFID
•Reduce warehouse and distribution labour costs

•Reduce point-of-sale labour costs

•Reduce inventory

•Reduce theft

•Reduce out-of stock conditions

•Improve customer experience

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CHALLENGES

• Forced Changes in Business Process

• Data Flooding
• Security Concerns
• Cost of Tags
• Tags Standards
• Tags Placement

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IMPLANTABLE RFID CHIPS

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CONCLUSION

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