Rural and Urban Sociology

July 27, 2019

Rural – Urban Dichotomy
Areas Rural
Physical  Low, population density
 Limited facilities for recreation
 Infrastructure investment is low
 Isolation, lack or inadequate
provision of basic amenities,
inadequate health and social
services
Social  Gemeinschaft, - personal social
interactions, roles, values, and
beliefs (Ferdinand Tonnies, 1887).
 Mutual help, communal feelings
rooted in family/ neighborhood
relations
 Mechanic solidarity (Durkheim,
1893)
Economic  Agri and Fishery based
Urban
 Large, dense and permanent settlement of
socially heterogeneous indiv (Wirth, 1969).
Community changes character when size, density
and heterogeneity increase.
 An area with a relatively high population density
that contains a set of closely related activities -
CBD
 Mobility – transport and communications
 Gesellschaft - indirect interactions, impersonal
roles, formal values, and beliefs
 Individualistic, functional and contractual
agreements.
 Organic solidarity
 Greater freedom from family and neighborhood
relations
 Massafication
 Differentiation, Specialization
 Division of labor, Based on profession