Alternate roofing
Content
• Jack Arch roof
• Madras terrace
• Stone slab roof
Jack Arch roof
• A jack arch is classically defined as a structural element in
masonry construction that provides support at openings in
the masonry
• Jack arch are usually made for 1 to 1.5m spans, ½ thick . Rise
is about 1/6 to 1/8 of the span
• Jack arch are supported either on the lower flanges of I –
beams or on the top of the upper flange
• Unlike regular arches, jack arches are not semi circular in
form. Instead, they are flat in profile and are used under the
same circumstances as lintels.
MATERIALS
• This type of roof may be built with materials such as brick, steel,
concrete, and clay-gypsum mortar.
• The roofing technique in auro ville is that of jack arch roof with
terra cotta hollow blocks and pre cast concrete beams.
ADVANTAGES
• It can be constructed from relatively small pieces of
• material that can be handled by individuals .
• Arches are typically sawn from an appropriately sized
• fired clay lintel.
• There is considerable scope for in corporation of
• decorative patterns and elements into jack arches.
Madras terrace
• This is the traditional roofing found in south India. o It involves
the use of wood,“aachikal”(a locally available material which is a
small brick)and lime plaster.
• These are commonly used for small spans.
• Wooden beams are used to cover the span, over this wooden
beams are laid at intervals of less than 45 cms from each other.
• The gaps between is filled with bricks on edge with lime plaster.
Upon this “ aachikal brick “is laid on edge across in diagonal
fashion plastered with lime.
Construction details
STEPS IN CONSTRUCTION
• Teak wood joist are placed on rolled steel joists. o Sufficient
slope is provided. o Terrace bricks of size 15x75x25mm to be
laid diagonally. o Brick bat concrete of thickness 75mm to be
laid. o Rammed and allow to set for 3 days. o Flat tiles are then
laid over this concrete. o Surface of this roof is finished with 3
coats of plaster.
ADVANTAGES
• It is easy for construction and maintenance.
• Flat roofs possess good insulation properties.
• It provides better light , ventilation and architectural appearance
to the building.
• Upper floor can be easily constructed.
• Fire resistant.
DISADVANTAGES
• Madras roofs are not suitable for long span ,with out the
introduction of columns and beams.
• Initial cost is less than a pitched roof.
• Not suitable for places of heavy snowfall.
• Construction speed is slower than pitched roof
STONE SLAB ROOFING
• Alternate building materials are those which can be used economically
by replacing the conventional building materials.
• These materials are historically appropriate , cost effective , easy to
install , and functional in wild land fire environments.
• Eventually in stone slab roofing different forms of mortar were used to
hold the stones together, cement being the most commonplace now.
• Where particular geology made it easy to split stones into large slabs
or where such flat stones were produced by nature, they formed a
natural building material.
• Traditionally, stone slabs provided excellent insulation and unique
looks. Stone slab roofs are also solid and virtually stormproof.
• Nowadays, a stone slab roof might be seen as part of the restoration of
a heritage building, or as a decorative feature - although rarely as the
main roof.
METHODS OF CONSTRUCTION
• In this system stone slabs are placed over wooden planks which are
supported on wooden beams.
• This keeps the building cool and is mainly suitable for hot and dry
climate.
• There is no need of centering and shuttering.
Advantages
• Good insulation
• Beautiful appearance
• They are solid and also storm proof
• Water proof roofing
• Durability
Disadvantages
• Very heavy
• Labour incentive
• An obsolete cladding material
• Not suitable to withstand loading from furniture, etc of modern
residential buildings.
Reference
Thank you
