UNDERSTANDING

GLOBALIZATION
Globalization ( Fulcher &Scott)
• A complex of interrelated processes , which have in
common the idea that relationships and
organizations have increasingly spread across the
world.
Three Key Components
1. Destruction of distance
2. Stretching of relationships beyond national boundaries
3. Growing awareness of the world
4. Increasing interdependence between different parts of
the world
 Nation State
A political unit that has :
1. A national Citizen
2. A national Territory
3. A National
Administration
Nation State
Based on the idea that
their citizens are
members of a nation
that lives within a
defined territory
 Nation
Nation states are based
on the idea that a
political unit corresponds
nations
• A People with a sense
of identity
Nation-State Nation
Defined objectively Subjectively defined
by territorial based on the
boundaries and members sense of
administrative commonality that
structure distinguishes them
from others.
 Nation
“ Community of
sentiment with a specific
sentiment of solidarity in
the face of other groups”
– Max Weber
 Nation
“Imagined Community”-
Benedict Anderson
Giddens (1985)
A nation did not exist
until the state had
constructed a
national
administration that
stretched over its
territory
Giddens (1985)
It was the state’s
unification of its
citizens that created
the nation
 Nationalism
 Nationalist
movements
typically seek to
create new
states on the
basis of a
 Nationalism
 They claim that
a nation has the
right to self-
government
through its own
independence
 Nationalism
 Asserts that
national unity
and national
identity should
take priority
over
 Nationalism
 One is first a
member of the
nation before a
member of a
family or a
religion
 Development
 Becoming like
the West
 Economic
Growth
 Development
 United Nation’s
Human Development
Index:
1. Health and
Longevity
2. Knowledge and
Education
 Theories of
Development
I. Modernization
Theory
II. Dependency
Theory