What is the

promise of
education?
What is
Neocolonialism?
Colonialism!
Colonialism is a
practice of
domination, which
involves the
subjugation of one
people to another
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Colonialism ⊙ the policy or practice of
acquiring full or partial political
control over another country,
occupying it with settlers, and
exploiting it economically.

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NeoColonialism ⊙ An indirect form of control through
economic or cultural dependence
⊙ Continued control of former colonies
through ruling native elites compliant
with neocolonial powers, populations
that are exploited for their labor and
resources in order to feed an
insatiable appetite
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Neocolonialism!
⊙Continues to actively
control the affairs of the
newly independent state
⊙A system where Great
Powers ( past colonizers )
maintain their
exploitative relationship
with past colonies 6
The geopolitical practice
of using capitalism ,
business globalization
and cultural imperialism
to influence a country ,
instead of direct military
or political control

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Neocolonial ⊙ Neocolonial territories become
Territories the target market for imports
from the imperial center

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Dependency
Theory

Depicts a world made up of developmental

inequities, noting that metropolitan centers, in
seeking to be even more developed, “
underdevelop” the peripheries through trade
exploitation
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 Peripheral ⊙ Built upon a few commodities or
Economies single commodity
⊙ Extremely vulnerable to
fluctuations in price and
demand
⊙ Dependent relationship with
core economies that traces its
roots to colonialism
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 Peripheral ⊙ Most of the jobs that connect
Economies their workers to the world
economy pay little and require
few skills
⊙ MCDONALDIZATION OF
SOCIETY

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 Peripheral ⊙ MCDONALDIZATION OF
Economies SOCIETY
○ It represent a loss of individual choice
and creativity
○ Assembly line production of food (
from production to sales)

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Neocolonialism In
Africa: The
Economic Crisis in
Africa and the
Propagation of
The Status Quo
By the World
Bank / IMF and
WTO
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Neocolonialism ⊙ Neocolonialism as a new form of colonialism
in Africa by ⊙ Western countries – masked under the pretext of
economic support for Africa, directly enforced or
Harold Nyikal institutonalized in the World Bank , the
International Monetary Fund( IMF) and the World
Trade Organization (WTO)
⊙ The Policies- chained Africa to continue to be
dependent on western economies for subsistence
⊙ Prevents Self Help to the continent’s economic
problems

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Neocolonialism ⊙ Colonizer’s focus on value extraction
in Africa by ⊙ Claim economic development to their colonies but
their economic development focused solely on
Harold Nyikal building infrastructures to get resources and
export them.

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 Neoliberal
Globalization
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 Neoliberal I.Economic Liberalization
Globalization ⊙ Flooding the market with imported goods destroy
local industries and livelihoods
⊙ Increasing poverty and unemployment
⊙ Locally produced goods suffer from unfair
compeititon by cheaper importers

⊙ Mary John Manazan : Group of Seven

○ Control the liberal capitalist market economy
○ Represent the controlling power of advanced
capitalist countries comprising of the G-7 17
G-7
1. Japan
2. USA
3. France
4. Germany
5. Great Britain
6. Canada
7. Italy 18
 Neoliberal I.Economic Liberalization
Globalization ⊙ Based on the premise that all will benefit from free
trade
⊙ EX: Annual global trade has reached US $7 Trillion in
1999, the total exports of developing countries
represented only 28%, while the share of the least
developed countries was 0.5% ; North America and
the EU had the largest share of world trade in goods
and commercial services

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 EXAMPLE:
⊙Food Insecurity in the Philippines
○ Import dependency for basic needs
○ Under the WTO’s Agreement on Agriculture (AOA)
the Philippines is required to allow the progressive
importation of rice ( 1% of domestic consumption in
1995, 2% in 2000 and 4% by 2004)

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 Neoliberal I.Economic Liberalization
Globalization ⊙ Unregulated market cause the transnational
corporations and richer foreign nations to control the
local market , forcing local production and local
entrepeneurs out of the market.

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Transnational ⊙ Network of interconnected elites controlling major
Elites field of social life ( economic, social, ideological , etc)

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 ⊙ Subordination ⊙ External
Distorted
○ Reorganization of Orientation
Structure o the economy that it ○ Extreme
Economy will only produce dependency
Implied Two primary goods for on overseas
Things: the industrial West market,
and the prevention
of local
industrialization

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 Neoliberal II. Deregulation
Globalization ⊙ ‘neoliberal state’ - peripheral neoliberal state since it
becomes instrumental to neoliberal policies largely
controled by core –countries

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 EXAMPLE:
⊙Overpricing of oil resulting in increase , not
only of transportation services and
electricity , but also of the price of many
other commodities

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 Neoliberal III. Privitization
Globalization ⊙ The core of IMF/WB’sstructural adjustment policies
⊙ Trade liberalization and Market deregulation
⊙ Privitization of public utility
⊙ Eliminates public subsidies on social services and
public sector corporations

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 EXAMPLE:
⊙Privatization of health care will deny
affordable and accessible basic health
services to the poor .
⊙IBON Databank Foundation- The poor
comprise 88% of the Philippine Population
( Roque 2005)

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 EXAMPLE:
⊙Privatization of state owned water utilities
was one of the conditions for loan in the
19995-1997 structural adjustment policies
of IMF ( Bello 2004)
⊙Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage
System (MWSS) was privatized.

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 EXAMPLE:
⊙Privatization facilitates
the penetration of
foreign capital into
sectors of the economy
that might have been
under state control. (
Bello 2004)
 Neoliberal IV. Labor Export
Globalization ⊙ Government strategy to pay debt and regulate
unemployment

⊙ Philippines – Top Labor Exporter ( IBON 1998)

○ Feminization of migrant labor – Filipino Women
comprise majority of export labor ( 61% in 1998
and 70% in 2000)

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 Neoliberal
Globalization V. International Division of Labor
⊙ Under the old international division of labor
,underdeveloped areas were incorporated into the
world economy principally as suppliers of mineral
and agricultural commodities
⊙ As developnig economies are merged into the world
economy , more production takes place in these
economies.

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 ⊙ U.S government’s global strategy both during and
GRAND after WWII.
AREA ⊙ Plan proposed by the STATE DEPARTMENT and the
COUNCIL ON FOREIGN RELATIONS
⊙ Post War Economic Plan
⊙ Every part of the new world was assigned a special
function

○ Industrial countries- “ great worskhop”

■ GERMANY AND JAPAN

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 ■ Third world countries – major source of raw
GRAND materals and a market for the industrial
AREA capitalist societies

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Modernization ⊙ Structure of relationship between the rich and the
Theory poor
⊙ Top-Down Approach- “ One shoe fits all”
⊙ USA AID- desigend to aid underdeveloped areas and
improve their working conditions
⊙ WESTERN MODEL OF MODERNIZATION

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 WESTERN MODEL OF
MODERNIZATION
Strengthen the illusion of independence and
the sovereignty of the national
developmental state.

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