BOILERS

PRESENTED BY
SAQIB WAHEED

TECHNICAL TRAINING CENTER

 COURSE OUTLINES
INTRODUCTION TO BOILERS
TERMINOLOGIES USED
MAIN COMPONENTS
AUXILIARY BOILER B-605
WASTE HEAT BOILER B-601/B-602
FIRE TUBE BOILERS
WATER TREATMENT TECHNIQUES
 WHAT IS A BOILER ?
THE BOILER IS A CLOSED HIGH PRESSURE
VESSEL IN WHICH HEAT CHANGES WATER INTO
STEAM.
BOILERS ARE WIDELY USED IN INDUSTRY FOR
PRODUCTION OF STEAM
WHY WE USE WATER IN A BOILER ?
THE REASON BEING:

WATER IS A CHEAP MEDIUM

AVAILABLE EVERYWHERE

BOILS AT RELATIVELY LOW TEMPERATURE

NON-TOXIC, HAZARDOUS OR COMBUSTIBLE

ON BOILING IT VOLUME INCREASES ABOUT

1600 TIMES
CLASSIFICATION OF BOILERS
THERE ARE TWO MAJOR CLASSIFICATION OF
BOILERS

FIRE TUBE BOILERS

WATER TUBE BOILERS

 FIRE TUBE BOILERS
WHEN BOILER WATER IS ON THE SHELL SIDE
OF THE BOILER IT IS CALLED FIRE TUBE
BOILER
ADVANTAGES OF FIRE TUBE BOILER
LOW INITIAL COST
FUEL EFFICIENT
EASIER TO OPERATE
PACKAGED DESIGN

DISADVANTAGES
LOW CAPACITY
CANNOT MEET LOAD CHANGES
LOW PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE
UNITS
 WATER TUBE BOILERS

WHEN BOILER WATER IS ON THE TUBE

SIDE OF THE BOILER IT IS CALLED
WATER TUBE BOILER
TYPICAL WATER TUBE BOILER
ADVANTAGES OF WATER TUBE BOILER
HIGH CAPACITY
HIGH PRESSURES AND TEMPERATURES
GOOD EFFICIENCY

DISADVANTAGES
HIGH INITIAL COST
OPERATIONAL DIFFICULTIES
HIGH MAINTENANCE COSTS
OTHER CLASSIFICATION CRITERIA

PRESSURE – HIGH, MEDIUM AND

LOW PRESSURE BOILERS

FIRING METHOD – FIRED OR UNFIRED BOILERS

FUEL USED – COAL, GAS

WATER CIRCULATION – NATURAL OR FORCED

CIRCULATION

FURNACE TYPE – NATURAL, INDUCED OR

FORCED DRAUGHT
BASIC TERMINOLOGIES
CONDUCTION
CONVECTION
RADIATION
THERMO-SIPHON
BOILER CAPACITY
HEATING SURFACE
BOILER BLOW DOWN
DE-AERATION
CONVECTION SECTION
 CONDUCTION

Heat conduction (or thermal conduction) is the

movement of heat from one solid to another one that
has different temperature when they are touching each
other. For example, we can warm our hands by
touching hot-water bottles.
 CONVECTION

CONVECTION IS THE MODE OF HEAT

TRANSFER IN WHICH HEAT IS TRANSFERRED
FROM ONE LOCATION TO THE OTHER
THROUGH MOVEMENT OF MOLECULES
 RADIATION

A METHOD OF HEAT TRANSFER THAT DOES

NOT REQUIRE ANY MEDIUM OR MOLECULES
FOR HEAT TRANSFER
 THERMO-SIPHON

THE FLOW OF WATER (OR ANY LIQUID) FROM

A LOWER ELEVATION TO A HIGHER
ELEVATION DUE TO DIFFERENCE IN
TEMPERATURE AT TWO LOCATIONS
 BOILER CAPACITY

IS THE QUANTITY OF STEAM PRODUCED PER

HOUR AND IT SHOWS IT SIZE. IT IS ALSO THE
QUANTITY OF WATER EVAPORATED IN ONE
HOUR. IT IS REPRESENTED IN TONNES PER
HOUR
 HEATING SURFACE AREA

REFERS TO THE TOTAL AREA EXPOSED TO

HOT COMBUSTION GASES
 CONVECTION SECTION

IS THE SECTION OF THE BOILER WHERE HEAT

IS TRANSFERRED TO THE MEDIUM THRU
CONVECTION
 BLOW DOWN

IS THE DRAINAGE OF WATER FROM A BOILER

TO REDUCE THE LEVEL OF IMPURITIES AND
REPLACING IT WITH BETTER QUALITY WATER
 DE-AERATION

DE-AERATION IS THE REMOVAL OF

DISSOLVED GASES ESPECIALLY OXYGEN
FROM THE DEMIN. WATER. THESE GASES
(ESPECIALLY OXYGEN) CAUSE CORROSION
INSIDE THE BOILERS AT HIGH TEMPERATURES
MAIN PARTS OF A BOILER
BOILER FURNACE

BURNERS
STEAM DRUM
BOILER BANK TUBES

SUPERHEATER

ECONOMIZER
FURNACE DRAUGHT SYSTEM
 BOILER FURNACE

THE SECTION OF THE BOILER WHERE

FUEL IS BURNED TO GENERATE HEAT.
HEAT IS TRANSFERRED TO MEDIUM
THRU RADIATION IN THIS SECTION
 BURNERS

THEY ARE LOCATED IN THE VERTICAL

WALL OF THE COMBUSTION CHAMBER
AND BURN FUEL.
BURNERS ARE DESIGNED FOR EFFICIENT
BURNING OF THE FUEL AND MAINTAIN
HIGH EFFICIENCY.
 STEAM DRUM

STEAM DRUM IS A HIGH PRESSURE

VESSEL WHICH SERVES MANY
FUNCTIONS IN A BOILER SUCH AS A
LARGE RESERVOIR FOR BOILER FEED
WATER, CENTER FOR WATER
DISTRIBUTION AND SATURATED STEAM
COLLECTING AND SUPPLY TO
SUPERHEATER.
 BOILER BANK TUBES

THIS IS A BUNCH OF TUBES CONNECTED

TO STEAM DRUM (AND LOWER DRUM)
AND FALLS IN THE CONVECTION ZONE
OF THE BOILER.
THE WATER PARTIALLY EVAPORATES IN
THE BOILER BANK TUBES. IT CONTAINS
RISERS AND DOWN-COMERS.
 SUPERHEATER

SATURATED STEAM FROM THE STEAM

DRUM RISES THRU DEMISTER PADS AND
ENTERS INTO A SERIES OF TUBES WHICH
ARE LOCATED IN THE BOILER FURNACE
RADIANT SECTION OR IN CONVECTION
SECTION BEFORE ENTERING BOILER
SECTION.
 ECONOMIZER

ECONOMIZER IS A STEEL TUBE BANK

PLACED AT THE OUTLET OF THE BOILER
SECTION IN THE WAY OF FLUE GASES
BEFORE THEY EXIT.
FURNACE DRAUGHT SYSTEM
IT REGULATES THE FLOW OF AIR TO AND FROM
THE BURNER AND PROVIDES ENOUGH
AMOUNT OF OXYGEN REQUIRED FOR
COMBUSTION IT ALSO FORCES OUT
COMBUSTION GASES OUT OF THE FURNACE TO
THE EXHAUST DUCT.
A FORCED DRAFT SYSTEM USES A FAN TO
FORCE (OR PUSH) AIR THROUGH THE FURNACE
AN INDUCED DRAFT SYSTEM USES A FAN TO
DRAW (OR PULL) AIR THROUGH THE FURNACE.
BALANCED DRAFT SYSTEM IS SOMETIMES
USED WHICH UTILIZES BOTH FORCED AND
INDUCED DRAFT FANS.
WHAT IS COMBUSTION
• Combustion is the process of chemical reaction
between fuel and oxygen (reactants). The process
releases heat and produces products of
combustion. The main elements which burn are :

CARBON

HYDROGEN
COMBUSTION
DIAGRAM

CH4 + 2O2 => CO2 + 2H2O

Reactants => Products + Heat
Fire tube boilers
 FIRE TUBE BOILERS
TOWNSHIP BOILERS
TWO YORK SHIPLEY STEAM-PAK PACKAGED
TYPE AUTOMATIC BOILERS ARE INSTALLED IN
TOWNSHIP AIR-CONDITIONING UNIT
THESE BOILERS SUPPLY LOW PRESSURE
SATURATED STEAM AT 3-4 PSI AND 110oC. THIS
STEAM IS UTILIZED FOR AIR-CONDITIONING
THIS IS A THREE PASS, HORIZONTAL, FIRED WITH
NATURAL GAS, FIRE TUBE BOILER. THE
MAXIMUM CAPACITY IS 220 HP WITH A
MAXIMUM PRESSURE OF 15 PSI.
TUBE ROLLING FAILURE
CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS
THERE ARE A TOTAL OF 158 TUBES.
94 TUBES IN LOWER SECTION, 64 IN UPPER
TWO SECTIONS
TUBE DIAMETER IS 46 MM.
TUBES ARE ARRANGED IN A ROTATED
TRIANGLE ARRANGEMENT.
THE TUBES ARE FLARED AND ROLLED INTO
TUBE SHEET
WASTE HEAT BOILER
B-601/B-602
 STEAM DRUM

BOILER
BY-PASS
ECONOMIZER
DAMPERS

FORCED
CIRCULATION
EVAPORATOR
PUMPS
BOILER BY-
PASS DUCT

SUPERHEATER
AUXILIARY BURNERS

DUCT DAMPERS

GAS TURBINE BOILER SECTION

 INTRODUCTION

TWO WATER TUBE, WASTE HEAT BOILERS

(B-601/B-602) ARE INSTALLED AT THE
UTILITIES PLANT FOR RECOVERING WASTE
HEAT OF TWO GAS TURBINES (TG-701)

THIS IS A SIMPLE CONVECTION DUCT

BOILER PRODUCING HS STEAM.
 MAIN FEATURES
CAPACITY 55 TONS PER HOUR

STEAM PRESSURE 39 KG/CM2

STEAM TEMPERATURE 385oC

TYPE FORCED CIRCULATION

WATER TUBE

FUEL GAS TURBINE EXHAUST

GASES PLUS
AUXILIARY FIRING

MANUFACTURER FOSTER WHEELER USA

 EXHAUST GASES

STEAM DRUM

BOILER
BY-PASS
ECONOMIZER
DAMPERS

FORCED
CIRCULATION
EVAPORATOR
PUMPS
BOILER BY-
PASS DUCT

SUPERHEATER
AUXILIARY BURNERS

DUCT DAMPERS

GAS TURBINE BOILER SECTION

 MAIN PARTS OF THE BOILER
FOLLOWING ARE THE MAIN PARTS OF BOILER:
GAS DUCT AND BOILER ENCLOSURE
DUCT BURNERS AND FIRING SYSTEM
ECONOMIZER COILS
EVAPORATOR COILS
SUPERHEATER COILS
STEAM DRUM
DE-SUPERHEATER
CIRCULATION PUMPS
GAS DUCT & BOILER ENCLOSURE
BOILER GAS DUCT CONSISTS AN OUTER
CARBON STEEL SHELL (1/4” Thk.), AN
INSULATION LAYER (5” Thk.)COVERED BY SS-
304 COVER PLATE (1/8” Thk.)

THE COVER PLATE IS INSTALLED USING SS-304

ANCHORS(ø1/2”) WHICH ARE WELDED TO THE
OUTER SHELL. EXPANSION LAP HAS BEEN
PROVIDED BETWEEN EACH PLATE

AN EXPANSION JOINT HAS BEEN PROVIDED AT

THE JUNCTION OF GAS TURBINE AND DUCT
 PSV’S
VENTS

SINGLE
SET GLG
DOUBLE
SET GLG

FOOT
SUPPORT

WATER
COLUMN STEAM DRUM

STEAM DRUM GENERAL ARRANGEMENT

 WATER INLET FROM
FEED PIPE Ø6” CARBON EVAPORATOR (BOTH SIDES)
STEEL 9’-10” LG WITH 29 CHEMICAL
HOLES OF Ø1/8” @4”C-C FEED LINE
AT 45o FROM TOP Ø3/4” SS-304
WITH

BLOW DOWN PIPE Ø1” CS

WITH 16 HOLES Ø1/4” @1-
1/4” AT TOP

STEAM DRUM CONSTRUCTION- TOP CUT VIEW

 SATURATED
STEAM OUTLET
CYCLONE
DEMISTER SEPARATORS
PADS
WATER
COLLECTION
RISERS CHAMBERS

BFW FEED PIPE

VERTEX BREAKER BLOW DOWN

LINE

DOWN-COMERS (02EA)

STEAM DRUM CONSTRUCTION X-SECTION

 DE-SUPERHEATER
STEAM DISCHARGE FROM THE SUPERHEATER IS AT
A HIGHER TEMPERATURE THEN REQUIRED, SO
BOILER FEED WATER IS SPRAYED INTO IT TO LOWER
ITS TEMPERATURE TO BRING IT TO REQUIRED
TEMPERATURE.

DE-SUPERHEATER CONSIST OF A SPRAY NOZZLE

WHICH SPRAY BFW IN STEAM IN MIST FORM.
WATER QUANTITY SPRAYED DEPENDS ON THE
TEMPERATURE READING AT THE INLET TO
SUPERHEATER, WHICH IS GOVERNED BY A
CONTROL VALVE TIC-153
BFW INLET

REPLACEABLE LINER

BFW
SPRAY HEAD
BODY

ADJUSTMENT
INCONEL NUT
SPRING

SPRAY PLUG

DE-SUPERHEATER
GAS FLOW CIRCUIT OF B-601/B-602
GAS FLOW CIRCUIT OF B-601/B-602
GAS FLOW CIRCUIT OF B-601/B-602
WATER FLOW CIRCUIT OF B-601/B-602
WATER FLOW CIRCUIT OF B-601/B-602
AUXILIARY BOILER B-605
 INTRODUCTION
B-605 IS IS INSTALLED AT UTILITIES UNIT AND
PRODUCES KS STEAM WHICH IS SUPPLIED TO
BATTERY LIMIT FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES

IT IS A COMBUSTION ENGINEERING VU-60

DESIGN, WATER TUBE, NATURAL WATER
DRAUGHT, FORCED AIR DRAUGHT, HIGH
PRESSURE BOILER THAT UTILIZES NATURAL
GAS, PURGE GAS AND SYNTHESIS GAS AS
FUEL
 MAIN FEATURES
CAPACITY 70 TONS/HOUR
MAX. CAPACITY 77 TONS/HOUR
TEMPERATURE 510oC
PRESSURE 105 KG/CM2
MAX. PRESSURE 122 KG/CM2
FUEL FIRED NATURAL GAS,
PURGE GAS
& SYN. GAS
MANUFACTURER ABB-COMBUSTION
ENGINEERING USA
 FURNACE
STEAM
ROOFROOF
OUTLET
TUBES
RISER
SUPERHEATER
UPPER SIDE WALL HEADERTUBES STEAM DRUM
DISTRIBUTION HEADERS SATURATED
STEAM OUTLET
RIBBED
BOILER CASING
BUCKSTAY
MINERAL FIBER
BOILER
BLANKET
BOILER SIDE WALL BANK TUBES
WINDBOX ASSEMBLY
BOILER REAR
FRONT WATER WALL
WALL TUBES

CROSS FLOW
BAFFLES

BURNERS ASSEBMLY
AIR INLET
RISER TUBES
SIDE WALL HEADERS
FLOOR TUBES FLOOR TILES PLENUM
BURNERS AIR SUPPLY
FURNACE
DUCT
ACCESS DOOR
LOWER DRUM

B-605 PARTS LIST

 FURNACE ROOF TUBES ROOF RISER STEAM OUTLET HEADER
UPPER SIDE WALL TUBES
SAT. STEAM OUTLET
DISTRIBUTION HEADERS
STEAM DRUM
RIBBED CASING
BOILER BUCKSTAY SUPERHEATER
MINERAL FIBER BLANKET BOILER
BOILER SIDE WALL BANK TUBES
WINDBOX ASSEMBLY BOILER REAR
FRONT WATER WALL WALL TUBES

BURNERS
ASSEBMLY CROSS FLOW
BAFFLES
FURNACE FLOOR TILES
SIDE WALL HEADERS
BURNERS AIR
AIR INLET
SUPPLY DUCT
PLENUM
FLOOR TUBES RISER TUBES
ACCESS DOOR LOWER DRUM
B-605 PARTS LIST
 FLAME SCANNER AIR INLET

NATURAL
PURGE GAS GAS

NATURAL
GAS

IGNITOR
AIR INLET

WINDBOX ASSEMBLY
 GAS FIRING EQUIPMENT
FUEL FIRING EQUIPMENT CONSIST OF :

IGNITORS
MAIN GAS TORCHES
PURGE GAS TORCH
FLAME SCANNER
 IGNITORS
IGNITORS AR ELECTRICALLY IGNITED AND
CAN BE OPERATED REMOTELY, THEY IGNITE
THE MAIN GAS TORCHES

IT CONSISTS OF IGNITOR NOZZLE, SPARK

PLUG, FLAME ROD, AND EDDY PLATE.

AIR IS SUPPLIED THROUGH 2.38” OD INLET

CONNECTION. BOOSTER AIR IS SUPPLIED TO
IGNITOR THRU THIS FLEXIBLE PIPE WHICH IS
DRAWN FROM A BOOSTER BLOWER.
 WINDBOX NOZZLES
ASSEMBLY

NATURAL
GAS

NATURAL
GAS

PURGE GAS AIR INLET

SCANNER
DAMPER
IGNITOR POWER
POSITIONER

GAS FIRING EQUIPMENT

TANGENTIAL FIRING SYSTEM
ALL THE BURNERS ARE LOCATED IN
CORNERS OF THE COMBUSTION CHAMBER
SUCH THAT THE FUEL AND AIR STREAMS
STRIKE AT TANGENT TO AN IMAGINARY
CIRCLE. THUS A SWIRLING FLAME, ROTATING
CLOCKWISE IS PRODUCED.
THIS SPECIAL COMBUSTION TECHNIQUE
FULLY CONSUMES THE FUEL WITH LESSER
NOx GASES AT THE BOILER DISCHARGE
BURNER IMAGINARY BURNER
ASSEMBLY CIRCLE ASSEMBLY

TANGENTIAL FIRING
TANGENTIAL FIRING
 SATURATED SECONDARY
STEAM OUTLET SCREEN

PRIMARY
DRAIN PIPE SCREEN

BAFFLE PANELS
WATER LEVEL
RISER TUBES Ø5”

5”

Ø16” MANHOLE
Ø4” FEED PIPE

FRONT WALL TUBES

REAR WALL TUBES

REAR WALL TUBES

BOILER BANK TUBES

STEAM DRUM
 SUPERHEATER
THE SUPERHEATER IN B-605 CONSIST OF TWO STAGES
OR SECTIONS,THEY ARE: AND
THE LOW TEMPERATURE PLATEN
SUPERHEATER
THE HIGH TEMPERATURE SPACED PENDANT
SUPERHEATER
THE SUPERHEATER TUBES ARE SEPARATED FROM EACH
OTHER THROUGH FLEXIBLE SPACERS, TIES AND
SUPPORT PLATES.
WHICH DAMP VIBRATION, SUPPORT SUSPENDED TUBES
AND MAINTAIN A CERTAIN DISTANCE BETWEEN THE
TUBES. THEY ARE MADE OF T-22 MATERIAL.
PLATEN SUPERHEATER ASSEMBLY (08 TOTAL) SPACED ASSEMBLY (31 TOTAL)

SUPERHEATER
SUPERHEATER
Water treatment
 S-901
Clarifier
RAW Water

S-901
Clarifier
RAW Water

S-901
Clarifier
RAW Water

S-901
Clarifier
RAW Water

S-901
Clarifier S-902
Clarified Water
RAW Water

S-901
Clarifier S-902
Clarified Water
P-904
RAW Water

S-901
Clarifier S-902
Clarified Water
P-904
 To Cooling
Towers
RAW Water

S-901
Clarifier S-902
Clarified Water
P-904
 To Cooling
Towers
RAW Water

S-901
Clarifier S-902
Clarified Water
P-904
 To Cooling
Towers
RAW Water

S-901 V-901
Clarifier S-902 Sand Filter
Clarified Water
P-904
 To Cooling
Towers
RAW Water

S-901 V-901
Clarifier S-902 Sand Filter
Clarified Water
P-904
 To Cooling
Towers
RAW Water

S-901 V-901
Clarifier S-902 Sand Filter
Clarified Water
P-904
 To Cooling
Towers
RAW Water

S-901 V-901 T-902

Clarifier S-902 Sand Filter Filtered Water
Clarified Water
P-904
 To Cooling
Towers
RAW Water

S-901 V-901 T-902

Clarifier S-902 Sand Filter Filtered Water
Clarified Water
P-904
 To Cooling
Towers
RAW Water

S-901 V-901 T-902

Clarifier S-902 Sand Filter Filtered Water
Clarified Water
P-904
 To Cooling
Towers
RAW Water

S-901 V-901 T-902

Clarifier S-902 Sand Filter Filtered Water
Clarified Water
P-904

P-907
 To Cooling
Towers
RAW Water

S-901 V-901 T-902

Clarifier S-902 Sand Filter Filtered Water
Clarified Water
P-904

CATION
EXCHANGER
V-905
P-907
 To Cooling
Towers
RAW Water

S-901 V-901 T-902

Clarifier S-902 Sand Filter Filtered Water
Clarified Water
P-904

CATION
EXCHANGER
V-905
P-907
 To Cooling
Towers
RAW Water

S-901 V-901 T-902

Clarifier S-902 Sand Filter Filtered Water
Clarified Water
P-904

CATION
EXCHANGER
V-905
P-907
 To Cooling
Towers
RAW Water

S-901 V-901 T-902

Clarifier S-902 Sand Filter Filtered Water
Clarified Water
P-904

CATION
EXCHANGER
V-905
P-907
 To Cooling
Towers
RAW Water

S-901 V-901 T-902

Clarifier S-902 Sand Filter Filtered Water
Clarified Water
P-904

Air

CATION
EXCHANGER
V-905
P-907
 To Cooling
Towers
RAW Water

S-901 V-901 T-902

Clarifier S-902 Sand Filter Filtered Water
Clarified Water
P-904

Degasif ier

Air

CATION
EXCHANGER
V-905
P-907
 To Cooling
Towers
RAW Water

S-901 V-901 T-902

Clarifier S-902 Sand Filter Filtered Water
Clarified Water
P-904

Degasif ier

Air

CATION
EXCHANGER
V-905
P-907
 To Cooling
Towers
RAW Water

S-901 V-901 T-902

Clarifier S-902 Sand Filter Filtered Water
Clarified Water
P-904

Degasif ier

Air

CATION
EXCHANGER
V-905
P-907
 To Cooling
Towers
RAW Water

S-901 V-901 T-902

Clarifier S-902 Sand Filter Filtered Water
Clarified Water
P-904

Degasif ier

Air

CATION ANION
EXCHANGER EXCHANGER
V-905 V-907/908
P-907
 To Cooling
Towers
RAW Water

S-901 V-901 T-902

Clarifier S-902 Sand Filter Filtered Water
Clarified Water
P-904

Degasif ier

Air

CATION ANION
EXCHANGER EXCHANGER
V-905 V-907/908
P-907
 To Cooling
Towers
RAW Water

S-901 V-901 T-902

Clarifier S-902 Sand Filter Filtered Water
Clarified Water
P-904

Degasif ier

Air

CATION ANION
EXCHANGER EXCHANGER
V-905 V-907/908
P-907
 To Cooling
Towers
RAW Water

S-901 V-901 T-902

Clarifier S-902 Sand Filter Filtered Water
Clarified Water
P-904

Degasif ier

Air

CATION ANION
EXCHANGER EXCHANGER
V-905 V-907/908
P-907
 To Cooling
Towers
RAW Water

S-901 V-901 T-902

Clarifier S-902 Sand Filter Filtered Water
Clarified Water
P-904

Degasif ier
T-903
Deionized w ater
storage tank

Air

CATION ANION
EXCHANGER EXCHANGER
V-905 V-907/908
P-907
 To Cooling
Towers
RAW Water

S-901 V-901 T-902

Clarifier S-902 Sand Filter Filtered Water
Clarified Water
P-904

Degasif ier
T-903
Deionized w ater
storage tank

Air

CATION ANION
EXCHANGER EXCHANGER
V-905 V-907/908
P-907
 To Cooling
Towers
RAW Water

S-901 V-901 T-902

Clarifier S-902 Sand Filter Filtered Water
Clarified Water
P-904

Degasif ier
T-903
Deionized w ater
storage tank

Air

CATION ANION
EXCHANGER EXCHANGER
V-905 V-907/908
P-907
 To Cooling
Towers
RAW Water

S-901 V-901 T-902

Clarifier S-902 Sand Filter Filtered Water
Clarified Water
P-904

Degasif ier
T-903
Deionized w ater
storage tank

Air

CATION ANION MIXED BED

EXCHANGER EXCHANGER EXCHANGER
V-905 V-907/908 V-915
P-907
 To Cooling
Towers
RAW Water

S-901 V-901 T-902

Clarifier S-902 Sand Filter Filtered Water
Clarified Water
P-904

Degasif ier
T-903
Deionized w ater
storage tank

Air

CATION ANION MIXED BED

EXCHANGER EXCHANGER EXCHANGER
V-905 V-907/908 V-915
P-907
 To Cooling
Towers
RAW Water

S-901 V-901 T-902

Clarifier S-902 Sand Filter Filtered Water
Clarified Water
P-904

Degasif ier
T-903
Deionized w ater
storage tank

Air

CATION ANION MIXED BED

EXCHANGER EXCHANGER EXCHANGER
V-905 V-907/908 V-915
P-907
 To Cooling
Towers
RAW Water

S-901 V-901 T-902

Clarifier S-902 Sand Filter Filtered Water
Clarified Water
P-904

Degasif ier
T-903
Deionized w ater
storage tank

Air

CATION ANION MIXED BED

T-901
EXCHANGER EXCHANGER EXCHANGER
Demin Water Storage
V-905 V-907/908 V-915
P-907
 To Cooling
Towers
RAW Water

S-901 V-901 T-902

Clarifier S-902 Sand Filter Filtered Water
Clarified Water
P-904

Degasif ier
T-903
Deionized w ater
storage tank

Air

CATION ANION MIXED BED

T-901
EXCHANGER EXCHANGER EXCHANGER
Demin Water Storage
V-905 V-907/908 V-915
P-907

P-901
 To Cooling
Towers
RAW Water

S-901 V-901 T-902

Clarifier S-902 Sand Filter Filtered Water
Clarified Water
P-904

Degasif ier
T-903
Deionized w ater
storage tank

Air

CATION ANION MIXED BED

T-901
EXCHANGER EXCHANGER EXCHANGER
Demin Water Storage
V-905 V-907/908 V-915
P-907

P-901
 To Cooling
Towers
RAW Water

S-901 V-901 T-902

Clarifier S-902 Sand Filter Filtered Water
Clarified Water
P-904

Degasif ier
T-903
Deionized w ater
storage tank

Air

CATION ANION MIXED BED

T-901
EXCHANGER EXCHANGER EXCHANGER
Demin Water Storage
V-905 V-907/908 V-915
P-907

P-901
 To Cooling
Towers
RAW Water

S-901 V-901 T-902

Clarifier S-902 Sand Filter Filtered Water
Clarified Water
P-904

Degasif ier
T-903
Deionized w ater
storage tank
De-aerator

Air

CATION ANION MIXED BED

T-901
EXCHANGER EXCHANGER EXCHANGER
Demin Water Storage
V-905 V-907/908 V-915
P-907

P-901
 To Cooling
Towers
RAW Water

S-901 V-901 T-902

Clarifier S-902 Sand Filter Filtered Water
Clarified Water
P-904

Degasif ier
T-903
Deionized w ater
storage tank
De-aerator

Air

Steam

CATION ANION MIXED BED

T-901
EXCHANGER EXCHANGER EXCHANGER
Demin Water Storage
V-905 V-907/908 V-915
P-907

P-901
 To Cooling
Towers
RAW Water

S-901 V-901 T-902

Clarifier S-902 Sand Filter Filtered Water
Clarified Water
P-904

Degasif ier
T-903
Deionized w ater
storage tank
De-aerator

Air

Steam

CATION ANION MIXED BED

T-901
EXCHANGER EXCHANGER EXCHANGER
Demin Water Storage
V-905 V-907/908 V-915
P-907

P-901
 To Cooling
Towers
RAW Water

S-901 V-901 T-902

Clarifier S-902 Sand Filter Filtered Water
Clarified Water
P-904

Degasif ier
T-903
Deionized w ater
storage tank
De-aerator

Air

Steam

CATION ANION MIXED BED

T-901
EXCHANGER EXCHANGER EXCHANGER
Demin Water Storage
V-905 V-907/908 V-915
P-907
P-601/
P-901 P-602