BASKETBALL

HISTORY
• Basketball was the first major team sport
invented in the United States. It was
invented in December 1891 by Dr. James
Naismith, a faculty member at the
International YMCA Training School (now
Springfield College) in Springfield, MA.
Naismith created basketball in response to
an assignment by Dr. Luther Gulick, the
director of the Physical Education
Department.
• Gulick assigned Naismith the task of
devising a competitive game like
football or lacrosse that could be
played indoors during the long New
England winters. After rejecting other
ideas as either too rough or poorly
suited to walled gymnasiums.
• Naismith settled on the idea of
scoring goals by throwing a soccer
ball into an elevated basket. He then
wrote-up some basic rules and nailed
a peach basket on to a 10-foot
elevated track. Naismith’s new game,
called “Basket Ball,” was an instant
hit!
• The first official game was played in
the YMCA gymnasium on January 20,
1892, with nine players; the game
ended at 1–0. The one shot was made
from 25 feet (longer than an NBA 3-
pointer). By 1897–1898 teams of five
became standard.
• Peach baskets were used until 1906
when they were finally replaced by
metal hoops with backboards.
Dribbling was not part of the original
game except for the “bounce pass” to
team mates. Passing the ball was the
primary means of ball movement.
DRIBBLING
• Dribbling is the legal method of
advancing the ball by oneself, as
opposed to passing it to another
player or shooting for the basket. It
consists of bouncing the ball on the
floor continuously with one hand
while walking or running down the
court.
 TYPES OF BASKETBALL
DRIBBLING
•Low Dribble
•Speed Dribble
•High Dribble
•Cross Over
•Between the Legs
PASSING
• Passing in basketball has been
defined as "The deliberate attempt
to move a live ball between two
teammates", a definition which
might equally apply across other
sports equally well, albeit with a
change to the item being passed
where appropriate.
 TYPES OF BASKETBALL
PASSES

• Chest Pass
• Bounce Pass
• Overhead Pass
• Baseball Pass
TERMINOLOGIES IN
BASKETBALL
• Assist -- You will often see in a players stats
a certain number of assists. These are
passes that subsequently result in a goal
being scored
• Back Court -- The defensive zone for each
team.
• Defensive rebound -- A rebound caught by
defenders.
• Double Team -- When two defenders mark
one attacker, usually their best player.
• Drive -- An attacking move at full speed.
• Dunk Shot -- A dunk is the spectacular
scoring maneuver when a player jumps
high, reaches above the ring, and stuffs
the ball down through the hoop.
• Fake -- To fake is to feint a pass or move.
• Free Throw -- An uncontested shot from
the free throw line, taken by a player who
has been fouled. It is worth one point only.
• Game Clock -- This is a clock that runs whenever
the ball is in play, and stops whenever the ball
goes out of bounds or when a foul is committed.
• Goal Tending -- An illegal move by a defender of
striking the ball on its downward flight to the
basket. Two points are awarded.
• Jump Ball -- A jump ball is the method by which
the game is started. The ball is tossed up
between two players, who try and tap it down to
their teammates.
• Paint -- When a player takes a shot from within 'the
paint' it means they are shooting from inside the
key, which these days is often painted a different
color.
• Personal Foul -- Personal fouls are fouls committed
by a player, and after five of these (or six in the NBA)
the player has to sit out the game. A replacement is
allowed to enter the game.
• Pick / Screen -- An offensive maneuver using one
player to block for another, without making contact,
by placing themselves between the defender and
their own teammate who has the ball.
• Shot Clock -- A 30-second clock (or 24 in the NBA) which
limits the time a team may have possession of the ball
without shooting. If a shot is not put up in this time then
possession passes to the other team.
• Substitution / Sub -- When a player on court is substituted
which one from the bench. This can occur whenever there
is a break in play, on direction of the referees.
• Time Out -- A time out is when play is stopped on request
of the coach, which gives each team a chance to discuss
tactics.
• Traveling -- Taking more than 1 1/2 steps without dribbling,
which results in a penalty free to the opposing team.
FOULS AND VILATION

• Fouls and violations are called by officials (or individual

players in the absence of officials). Fouls are called as a
result of illegal contact with an opposing player. They
carry with them some sort of penalty— most commonly
free throws for, or possession of the ball to, the
opponent.
• Violations are committed by the team with possession of
the ball , when a player mishandles the ball or makes an
illegal move. The typical penalty for a violation is loss of
the ball to the other team.
Some common types of fouls
are as follows:
• Holding, pushing, charging, tripping, hand
checking, or impeding an opponent’s progress:
This is usually done by extending the body or a
body part into one’s opponent or by using
unusually rough tactics.
• Extending your arms to hinder your opponent:
This is done by extending one’s arms other than
vertically, so that an opponent’s freedom of
movement is hindered when contact with the
arms occurs.
• Illegal screen: This occurs when one is still
moving while setting a screen and contact occurs
with the defender.
• • Technical foul: A foul that does not involve
contact with an opponent; a foul that involves
unsportsmanlike conduct by a player, coach, or
non-player; or a contact foul committed by a
player while the ball is dead.
• • Ball handling and time violations are an
infringement of the rules, but are not considered
fouls. These result in loss of ball possession.
Some common violations are
as follows:
• • 5 seconds to inbound: Failure for a ball to be caught
within 5 seconds after a made basket or after an official
hands the ball to the in bounder.
• • 10 seconds to cross midcourt: Taking 10 seconds or
longer to get the ball across midcourt.
• • 3 seconds in key (lane): Being in the offensive key for 3
seconds or longer without a member of your team
shooting.
• • Charging: Running into or pushing a stationary defender.
• • Illegal Dribbling: Resuming dribbling after having
stopped dribbling or dribbling with both hands
simultaneously.
• • Out of bounds: Causing the ball to go out of bounds (lines
are out).
• Over-and-back: Causing the ball to return
to the backcourt after it has crossed into the
front court without the defense touching it.
• Palming the ball: Placing the dribbling
hand under the ball and momentarily
holding or carrying it while dribbling.
• Traveling: Taking more than one step
before starting to dribble or taking two or
more steps before releasing a pass or shot.