ANDHRA LOYOLA INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND

TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION
ENGINEERING

Seminar Topic : ANTI COLLISION DEVICE

Under the Guidance of Presented by

Mr.Pranob K Charles.,M.Tech(Ph.D) CH.Siva Sai Teja
Assistant professor, 16HP1A04B2
Department of ECE.
CONTENTS
 Abstract
 Introduction
 Why we need ACD
 Working of an ACD
 Silent Features of ACD
 ACD Network
 Types
 Applications
 Examples
 Future Scope
 Conclusion
 References
 ABSTRACT

ACDs have knowledge embedded intelligence.

They take inputs from GPS satellite system for position updates and network
among themselves for exchanging information using their data radio modems to
take decisions for timely auto-application of brakes to prevent dangerous
'collisions', thus forming a RakshaKavach (meaning a '(Train) Safety shield').
ACDs fitted (both in Locomotive and Guard's Van of a train) act as a watchdog
in the dark as they constantly remain in lookout for other train bound ACDs,
within the braking distance required for their relative speeds.
They communicate through their radios and identify each other.
If they happen to find themselves on the same track and coming closer to each
other, they automatically restrain and stop each other, thereby preventing
dangerous head-on and rear-end collisions.
 INTRODUCTION

 The ACD Network is a train-collision prevention system is invented by “Rajaram

bojji” and patented by the konkan railway corporation limited.

 ACD is rely on GPS satellites for position updates. They exchange information
through radio frequency transmissions to automatically brake and prevents
collisions.

 When installed on locomotives (along with an auto braking unit – ABU),stations

and level -crossing gates (both manned and unmanned ) the network of ACD
systems prevents high speed collisions in mid –sections, stations area and at level-
crossing gates , thereby saving the lives of rail passengers and others users.
 Why we Need ACD
ACD is needed to avoid the accidents occurring in railways some of the accidents
are mentioned below
 August 1999, Head-on Collision at ‘Gaisal’ –300 dead
 December 2000, Sarai Banjara rail disaster -46 dead
 January 2003, Ghatnandur train crash -18 dead
 June 2004, Karanjadi train crash -20 dead
If ACDs are installed we may avoid the accidents mentioned above
 Working of ACD
 In the ACD the radio signal from the consolation of Global Positioning
System(G.P.S) satellite or received byGPS receiver through by antenna.
 This signal is sent to the command and control unit that is(C.C.U) to extract
the parameters related to the movement of locomotive like
i. Latitude
ii. Longitude
iii. Speed
iv. Angle
v. Date and Time
 Silent Features of ACD
 Detection & prevention of Head on , Rear end and side collisions a unique
feature even when a train is not protected by a signal, as in a block section .
 Train approach warning for road users at level crossing both manned and
unmanned in addition at manned non-interlocking level crossing’, reducing the
train speed to 30kmph

Head On Collision Rare end Collision

 ACD Network
 Manufacturing and Installation of ACDs with accessories.
 Make individual Commission for ACD installations.
 Training of Personnel.
 Post warranty Annual Maintenance.

Railway Crossing
 Types
 Mainly Anti-collision device is divide in two parts :
(1) fixed ACDs:-
Station ACD, Level Crossing ACD, Loco shed ACD etc.
(2) Mobile ACDs :-
Loco ACD , Guard ACD, Guard ACD etc.
 Applications
 ACDs can be implemented in railways to prevent collisions and to increase the
tolerance between two consecutive trains running one after another.
 Development of high speed trains with high safety measures.
 It can be used in heavy vehicles like cranes, earthmovers etc to prevent
accidents and for their safe working in public places.
 With few developments can also be used in automobiles for prevention of road
accidents.
 ACDs can be used as a tracking device.
 Examples

ACD in Locomotive ACD in Manned LC gate

 Future Scope
The idea of incorporating radar systems into vehicles to improve road traffic safety.
Such systems are now reaching the market as recent advances in technology have
allowed the signal processing requirements and the high angular resolution
requirements from physically small antennas to be realized.
Automotive radar systems have the potential for a number of different applications
anti-collision devices.
The problem with this brand of cars is that they are so expensive. This becomes an
even bigger challenge for decrease the cost of this device.
 Conclusion

Indian railway is world’s second largest railway with 6853 stations , 63028
kilometers of track 37840 passengers coaches annually it carries 4.38 billion.
Passengers . And all human being safety is a major duty of govt. of india
 At Level crossings too – ‘ACD Network’ provides the ‘TRAIN APPROACH’
warning to Road users and regulates the train speed ‘automatically’ if Loco ACD
receives ‘Gate Open’ message from Gate ACD of a ‘Non-interlocked’ Manned LC
gate.
 References

1. Kakodkar, Anil; Sreedharan, E.; Vedachalam, N.; Dhande, Sanjay G.; Srivastava,
G.P.; Amitabh (February 2012). Report of High Level Safety Review Committee
 (Report). New Delhi: Government of India Ministry of Railways. Retrieved 11
October 2014.
2. Two firms get nod to install train collision prevention system Retrieved 2 1
July 2013