DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF

TRI-CYLINDER AIR COMPRESSOR

PREPARED BY

1. CHETAN KARSARIYA (IU1541110053)

GUIDED BY
2. KAUSHAL MEHTA (IU1541110066)
PROF.MADHUSUDAN BAROT
3. VRUTANT MEHTA (IU1541110067)
4. SNEHAL RANA (IU1541110132)
 FLOW OF PRESENTATION
TYPES OF COMPRESSOR
PROBLEM DEFINATION AND SOLUTION
DESIGN CONCEPT
OBJECTIVE OF RESEARCH
CONTENT OF WORK
REQUIRED PARTS AND SETUP
VALIDATION METHOD
REFERENCE
 TYPES OF COMPRESSORS

TYPES OF
COMPRESSORS

POSITIVE
DYNAMIC
DISPLACEMENT

ROTARY RECIPROCATING CENTRIFUGAL AXIAL

DOUBLE
LOBE SCREW LIQUID RING SCROLL VANE DIAPHRAM SINGLE ACTING
ACTING
 INTRODUCTION
AIR COMPRESSOR-
•Compressor is a mechanical device
which used to compress air by
reducing it’s volume and increasing
pressure. It works within cycle of
isothermal suction, adiabatic
compression and discharge, but in
actual practice the compression is
polytropic.
 ABSTRACT
•Reciprocating air compressor with single compressing element which compresses the air at the
one side of piston, while in double acting element the air compression occurs at both side of
piston.
•In Tri-angular air compressor the single acting elements are being used, While in return stroke it
produces no affect.
•The main aim of project is to make tri-cylinder air compressor which produces less vibration and
power consumption is very low. Three cylinders are placed at 120 degree to each other work
simultaneously with motor driven mechanism. Compressed air will be discharged to the
chamber where pressure will be generated. And further this all mechanism would be compact in
size. It is cheaper to make and ideal for general purpose usage.
 PROBLEM DEFINITION AND
SOLUTION
In conventional compressors following problems are listed below:-
 heavy weight compared to other compressor.
 Production cost is high.
 lower efficiency because of more power required.
 it require large floor space.
 It produce more amount of noise and vibration to surroundings.
To achieve more pressurized air it require higher AC motor.
To overcome this defects the TRI cylinder air compressor is used. Hence, we are fabricating
the compact TRI cylinder air compressor machine for generating the pressurized air at small
scale and also at optimized cost.
 ADVANTAGES
• Best suitable for low pressure application.
• Less weight compared to other compressor.
• Production cost is low.
• Higher efficiency because of less power required.
• High Durability.
• Compactness of the compressor saves utilization space.
• Easy to use and portable
DESIGN CONCEPT OF
COMPRESSOR
 APPLICATIONS
• Used in laboratories and pharmaceuticals.
• Used for fabrication of plastic structure with hot gas.
• Used for best control fumigation service.
• Used for air agitation of photo film processing tanks,
• Electroplating bath and in chemical plants.
• Used for cooling electronic circuits.
• Used for inflating tyres and air mattresses.
• Used for light duty spray painting.
 LITERATURE REVIEW
“ DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF TRIANGLE AIR COMPRESSOR WITH
COMMON COMPRESSON CHAMBER”
By Vasiga, Muthukrishna,p. and prabhu,c. in international journal of current research
vol 7,issue,12,December 2015.

•As they suggested three piston and cylinder are made to compress air in
common compression chamber with help of motor driven chain drive
mechanism. Chain will rotate three crank shaft and it transmit the motion to
piston. The isothermal efficiency will be better than the single cylinder
compressor. If compressor works at 1400 RPM, the air intake will be
147.18*1400= 206052 liters at 7 atm. pressure.
 LITERATURE REVIEW
“ DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF TRIANGLE AIR COMPRESSOR WITH
COMMON COMPRESSON CHAMBER”
By Balashanmugam P in international journal of science and engineering
vol 5,issue,16,october 2016.

• It is three cylinder compressor in which the cylinders are placed radially equally apart such that
the cylinder openings tend to meet a common triangular air compression chamber that has one
inlet and one outlet to the tack to receive compressed air.
•For 50mm bore and 50 mm stroke length vol. dispatched is = 3.14*(50)^2 /4 *50 = 98.125cc
•The compressing area of single 100cc compressor as said above is 50 Q or 1962.5 mm². The
compressing Area of 35cc piston in 961.625mm for 3 pistons area = 2884.875mm² . This is bigger by
= 922.375mm²
 LITERATURE REVIEW
“THERMAL ANALYSIS OF A PISTON OF RECIPROCATING
AIR COMPRESSOR” – Bhaumik Patel, Ashwin Bhabhor
International journal of advanced engineering research and studies-
IJAERS/Vol. I/ Issue III/April-June, 2012/73-75
• It is important to calculate the temperature distribution in piston
cylinder to reduce the deformation and thermal stresses generated
at acceptable levels. It helps to reduce the prototype cost up to 60%
and also improves the design at lower cost. In compressor the highly
fluctuating temperature may causes the damage the upper most
layer of piston crown.
• at 1440 RPM, 10 bar working pressure the top most layer of piston
has temperature up to 82 degree.
 LITERATURE REVIEW
ANALYTICAL DESCRIPTION OF PNEUMATIC SYSTEM- -
Karan Dutt
International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 4,
Issue 9, September-2013

•Pneumatic systems are used extensively in industry, and factories are

commonly plumbed with compressed air or compressed inert gases.
Pneumatic system can often provide motive power in a cheaper, safer,
more flexible, and more reliable way than a large number of electric
motors and actuators. The paper also provides information about the
electro-pneumatic system which controls the pneumatic system with
logic circuits.
 LITERATURE REVIEW
“Vibration analysis for reciprocating
Compressors”- GAIA ROSSI / MEASUREMENTS &
CONTROL, BENTLEY NEVADA, GE OIL & GAS
ORBIT magazine, Vol. 32, No. 2, April 2012.
Vibration measured at the frame results principally
from the response of the mechanical system to the
forces and movements that are occurring in the
machine at the normal running conditions.
These include the following factors:
1)Inertial load forces
2)Gas load forces
3)Reciprocating & rotating masses unbalance forces
 CONTENT OF WORK
This project work is divided in 2 sections
1. Analytical and design calculations – in this part of project we will complete the designing of
compressor and calculate theoretical volumetric efficiency, working temperature, working
pressure , frictional and mechanical losses, tank parameters and size, with design of
crankshaft, connecting rod, piston, cylinder head.

2. Fabrication of compressor and parts purchase – in this part we will do market survey ,if
required parts are available or not, after part purchasing we will start fabrication in
workshop and complete that work. After that we will take test run and validate the
parameters with analytical data.
 REQUIRED PARTS AND SETUP
NO NAME Qnt. Material/Spcf.
1 Motor 1 12v DC
2 Crank-shaft 1 MS
3 Wire Copper
4 Bearings 3
5 Body frame MS or AL alloy
6 I-sections and C Sections MS

7 Nut and bolts

8 Pneumatic cylinders 3 Al (80x300mm²)
 VALIDATION METHOD
Parameter Analytical Method Experimental method
Isentropic η C = (h2s - h1)/(h2a - h1)
efficiency
Power
consumption
Mass flow rate Q=D*V Rotameter
Volumetric
efficiency
Working pressure Manometer
Discharge Thermo-couple
temperature
Frictional & By plotting graph. P-V
mechanical losses
Pressure Stress produced in tank By pressure gauge
produced
 REFERENCE
• https://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?
• https://sci-hub.tw/https://doi.org/10.1504/IJMPT.1998.036227
• https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF03266402
• https://patents.google.com/patent/US5460317A/en
• https://Sic-direct.co.in
• https://www.researchgate.net/publication/
• https://www.academia.edu
• https://mechanicaldesign.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org