SLIPFORM TECHNIQUE

INTRODUCTION
• Slip form construction method is used to build high-rise structures quickly
• In this method, the concrete is placed at a pre-determined rate on top of a
travelling form, which emerges in a hardened state from the bottom.
• Concrete is shaped in the desired profile during the travel of the form. In slip
form, the form moves semi continuously with respect to the concrete
surface.
• The movement is at such a regulated speed that the concrete when exposed,
has already become string enough to retain its shape, and support its own
weight besides being capable of supporting the vertical pressure.
• Initially, wooden forms in combination with wooden screw jacks and wooden
yokes were used, then it was replaced by metallic forms, yokes and hydraulic
jacks.
• This method can be applied with great advantages to many construction
projects such as chimneys, silos, water tower, telecommunication towers,
bridge piers, pylons, stair and elevator shaft core, shaft lining, heavy concrete
offshore platforms and oil platforms etc..,
 VERTICAL SLIP-FORM

In vertical slip forming, the

concrete form may be surrounded
by a platform on which workers
stand, placing steel reinforcing
rods into the concrete and
ensuring a smooth pour. Together,
the concrete form and working
platform are raised by means of
hydraulic jacks. Generally, the slip-
form rises at a rate which permits
the concrete to harden by the time
it emerges from the bottom of the
form.
 HORIZONTAL SLIP-FORM

•In horizontal slip forming for pavement and traffic separation walls, concrete is cast, vibrated,
worked, and settled in place while the form itself slowly moves ahead. This method was initially
devised and utilized in Interstate Highway construction initiated during the 1950s.
•Horizontal slip forms generally move on a rail system. A shaped beam can also be used in place of
a rail system. The arrangements for the working deck, the finisher platform or the scaffold are
common in both the vertical and horizontal slip forms.
•These attachments also get moved along with the moving formwork.
 TAPERED SLIP-FORMING

Slip-forming is also used in the construction

of conical chimneys, cooling towers, piers
and other tall concrete structures involving
constant or changing thicknesses in walls,
diameters and/or shapes. A form is used
with sections which overlap so that one
gradually slides over the other. This is
commonly done in chimney construction
but it is not satisfactory for architectural
concrete because the lap shows. While the
tapered slip-forming process is similar to
that used on the standard slip-forming, it
requires greater attention, contractor
experience and expertise ensures the
success of such projects
 Functions Of Slipform Components
Sheathing : Helps to maintain
the correct profile of the
structure.
Wales : Transmit the lifting force
from the yokes to the sheathing
and also provide support for
various platforms and the
scaffolding.
Yokes : It support the wales at
regular intervals with their legs ,
transmit the lifting force from
the jacks to Wales, and resist
the lateral force of the plastic
concrete within the form.
 Functions Of Slipform Components
Jacks : Installed on yoke beams, climb up the jack rods and provide the force needed
to raise the entire slipform system.
Jack rods : Normally located centrally in the wall to be cast or equidistant in the yoke
beams depending upon number of jacks. The entire load of the slipform assembly is
transferred to the jack rod when the jacks are energized.
Working or Storage Decks : provide a space for the storage of the concrete ,
reinforcing steel and embedments as well as serve as a working area for placing and
finishing.
Walkway brackets : To faciliate the placing of concrete, tying of reinforcement,
vibration etc. walkway brackets are connected with respective yoke legs to support
the cantilever portion.
Hydraulic pump : To facilitate uniform lifting of assembly.
Hanging scaffold : Used for curing, finishing the exposed concrete and carry out the
necessary repairs and treatments etc. if required.
 Straight Slipform
• Some typical structures are
constructed using the Straight
slipform technique are: silo,
straight chimneys, water towers,
column etc.
• For silos, tanks, bridge columns,
nuclear power stations and
industrial buildings, slipform
construction provides a sound
economic solution for the project.
• To achieve the maximum
benefits from the slipform method
planning is essential at an early
stage.
 Assembly of Straight Slipform

Step 1 :
• A starter (150 mm deep) is cast
over the base slab or the
foundation. The vertical and
horizontal reinforcement are
positioned properly to ensure
the correct cover.
• Reinforcement starter bars
must be between a minimum of
1.2 m and a maximum of 1.8 m
in height.
 Assembly of Straight Slipform

Step 2 :
Panels are clipped together and
positioned according to the wall
lines on the base slab.
Assembly of Straight Slipform
Step 3 :
The top frames are added and
can be used to give taper to both
sides of the shutter, the panels
are then braced, fixing them in
position.
Assembly of Straight Slipform
Step 4 :
The pre assembled yoke frames
are positioned and fixed to the
sides of the shutter at both the
waling levels.
Assembly of Straight Slipform
Step 5 :
The working deck is made up of
100 mm X 100 mm timbers fixed
into the top frames and 225 mm
X 50 mm boards spanning
between the top frames.
Assembly of Straight Slipform
Step 6 :
With the working deck fitted, the
top deck can be assembled. The
top deck is made up of primary
and secondary 125 mm X 100
mm timber beams and 225 mm
X 50 mm boards.
Assembly of Straight Slipform
Step 7 :
The hydraulic jacking units are
fitted at every lifting point and
the climbing tubes lowered done
through them from the top deck.
Once the hydraulics have been
tested, the rig is ready to slide.
Assembly of Straight Slipform
Step 8 :
Once the slide has reached a
sufficient height, the hanging
scaffold frames are connected
and decked out.