Presentation

On
Reed Solomon Encoding And Decoding

Submitted by:
Akhilesh Yadav
 Table of Contents
1. Introduction
2. Elements Of RS Codes
3. GF Multiplication
4. GF division
5. RS Encoding
6. RS Decoding
 1.Introduction

• Reed Solomon(RS) coding is the powerful forward error correction

techniques.

• RS coding is used in Gigabit Automotive ethernet to compact

channel noise during data transmission.

• The Gigabit Automotive ethernet uses 9-bit based shortened

(450,406) codes.

• RS codes are useful for correcting errors that occur in burst.

 1.Introduction(cont.)
••  
The RS codes are more particularly used in

1) Communication System.

2) Storage System.

• Capable of correcting both burst error and random error.

• The RS codes are represented as RS(n,k) with M-bit symbol.

• The relation between symbol size M and codeword n is

, and parity bits=n-k.

 2.Elements Of RS codes
• 
• Primitive elements(alpha):-  {, , , , ,..., }.

• Primitive Polynomial for RS(450,406):-

• Generator Polynomial:-

• Parity bits:- =44

• Galois Field(GF[])
2.Primitive Elements
  Primitive polynomial is
Index 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0

…. … …. …

1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1

… … … … .. ..
1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
3. GF multiplication
a8 a7 a6 a5 a4 a3 a2 a1 a0
b8 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
a8. a7. a6. a5. a4. a3. a2. a1. a0.
b0 b0 b0 b0 b0 b0 b0 b0 b0
a8. a7. a6. a5. a4. a3. a2. a1. a0.
b1 b1 b1 b1 b1 b1 b1 b1 b1
. .
. .
. .
. .
a8. a7. a6. a5. a4. a3. a2. a1. a0. .
b8 b8 b8 b8 b8 b8 b8 b8 b8
X O R - O P E R A T I O N
7
5. GF Division
 
• Let a polynomial
 
• Primitive polynomial
MSB 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 LSB
10 0
P(x) 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
i
g(x) 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1
j

 
• Calculate the position of 1 from the MSB of and
• Shift to left by
• Taking the EX-OR of and
5.Reed Solomon Encoder
••  
Inputs of RS encoder consist of 406, 9-bitsymbol.

• Message polynomial input to the encoder is –

• This polynomial is first multiplied by (

• Divide this by generator polynomial

• Remainder
• Code word
5.Reed Solomon Encoder(cont.)
6. RS Decoder