AUSCULTATION

 Sadul Hasan ,
shahila,sindhu,midhat
Bpt 7th sem
 Dr. nahid khan
Name-midhat
bpt 7th sem
Introduction of Auscultation
Auscultation (based on the Latin verb auscultare "to
listen") is listening to the internal sounds of the body, usually
using a stethoscope. Auscultation is performed for the purposes
of examining the circulatory and respiratory systems (heart and
breath sounds), as well as the gastrointestinal system (bowel
sounds).
The term was introduced by René Laennec. The act of listening
to body sounds for diagnostic purposes has its origin further
back in history, possibly as early as Ancient Egypt. (Auscultation
and palpation go together in physical examination and are alike
in that both have ancient roots, both require skill, and both are
still important today.) Laënnec's contributions were refining the
procedure, linking sounds with specific pathological changes in
the chest, and inventing a suitable instrument (the stethoscope)
to mediate between the patient's body and the clinician's ear.
Auscultation is a skill that requires substantial
clinical experience, a fine stethoscope and good
listening skills. Health professionals (doctors,
nurses, etc.) listen to three main organs and
organ systems during auscultation: the heart, the
lungs, and the gastrointestinal system. When
auscultating the heart, doctors listen for abnormal
sounds, including heart murmurs, gallops, and
other extra sounds coinciding with heartbeats.
Heart rate is also noted. When listening to lungs,
breath sounds such as wheezes, crepitations and
crackles are identified. The gastrointestinal
system is auscultated to note the presence of
bowel sounds.
Sadul hasan ;
Topic-Auscultation performance

What is auscultation?

Auscultation is the medical

term for using a stethoscope
to listen to the sounds inside
of your body. This simple test
poses no risks or side
effects.
Why is auscultation used?

Abnormal sounds may indicate problems in these areas:

•lungs
•abdomen
•heart
•major blood vessels
Potential issues can include:
•irregularheart rate
•Crohn’s disease
•phlegm or fluid buildup in your lungs
How is the test performed?
Your doctor places the stethoscope over your bare skin and listens to each area
of your body. There are specific things your doctor will listen for in each area.

Heart
To hear your heart, your doctor listens to the four main regions where
heart valve sounds are the loudest. These are areas of your chest
above and slightly below your left breast, your doctor listens for:
•what your heart sounds like
•how often each sound occurs
•how loud the sound is
Abdomen
Your doctor listens to one or more regions of your abdomen separately
to listen to your bowel sounds .They may hear swishing, gurgling, or
nothing at all.

Lungs
When listening to your lungs, your doctor compares one side with the
other and compares the front of your chest with the back of your chest.
Airflow sounds differently when airways are blocked, narrowed, or filled
with fluid.
AUSCULTATION
AREAS;

1) area for normal

tracheal sound,
2) 2) area for
ascultation of upper
lung fields,
3) 3) area for normal
bronchial sound. Blue
marks ascultation
area and red line
marks heart.
Why is auscultation important?

Auscultation gives your doctor a basic idea about what’s

occurring in your body. Your heart, lungs, and other organs in
your abdomen can all be tested using auscultation and other
similar methods.

For example, if your doctor doesn’t identify a fist-sized area of

dullness left of your sternum, you might be tested for
emphysema. Also, if your doctor hears what’s called an
“opening snap” when listening to your heart, you might be
tested for mitral stenosis.

Abnormal breath sounds

Common types of abnormal breath sounds include the following:
 Continuou Inspirator
Frequenc Associated
Name s/disconti y/expirato Quality
y/Pitch conditions
nuous ry
high
expiratory whistling narrowing of
Wheeze or (wheeze)
continuous or /sibilant, airways,
rhonchi or lower
inspiratory musical asthma, COPD
(rhonchi)
either, whistling epiglottitis,
Stridor continuous high mostly /sibilant, laryngeal,edem
inspiratory musical a, croup
pertussis
Inspiratory
continuous high inspiratory whoop (whooping
gasp
cough)
high (fine)
cracking/ pneumonia,
discontinuo or low
Crackles inspiratory clicking/r edema,T.B,bron
us (coarse),
attling chitis
nonmusical
nonmusi
inspiratory inflammation of
Pleural frict discontinuo cal,rhyth
ion rub low and lung ,lung
us mic
expiratory tumors
sounds
crunchin
Hamman's discontinuo neither pneumomedias
g, tinum
sign us (heartbeat)
rasping ,
Continued

Rales; Small clicking, bubbling, or rattling sounds in

the lungs. They are heard when a person breathes in
(inhales).
Rhonchi; Sounds that resemble snoring. They occur
when air is blocked or air flow becomes rough through
the medium-sized airways, most often with secretions.
Stridor; Wheeze-like sound heard when a person
breathes. Usually it is due to a blockage of airflow in
the windpipe (trachea) or in the back of the throat.
Wheezing; High-pitched sounds produced by narrowed
airways. They are most often heard when a person
breathes out (exhales).
NAME – SHAHILA NAFEES KHAN
COURSE- BPT 7TH SEMESTER
TOPIC- INDICATION OF AUSCULTATION

INDICATION OF AUSCULTATION
1. Asthma
2. Bronchiatis
3. Bronchiolitis
4. Breath sounds
5. Pleural effusion
6. Emphysema
7. Pneomnia
8. Cardiac arrest
9. Cardiac arrhythmia
10. Lung collapse
11. Chronic heart diseases
12. Cardiac failure
NAME – SINDHU SHARMA
COURSE – BPT 7thSEMESTER
TOPIC – BREATH SOUNDS
Normal and AdventitiousBreath Sounds
Normal Breath Sounds

• Vesicular - soft, low-pitched, breezy but faint sounds

heard over most of the chest except near the trachea
and
mainstem bronchi and between the scapulae. Vesicular
sounds are audible considerably longer on inspiration
than expiration (about a 3:1 ratio).
• Bronchial - Loud, hollow, or tubular high-pitched
sounds
heard over the mainstem bronchi and trachea. Bronchial
sounds are heard equally during inspiration and
expiration; a slight pause in the sound occurs between
inspiration and expiration.
• Bronchovesicular- softer than bronchial breath sounds;
also heard equally during inspiration and expiration but
without a pause in the sound between the cycles. The
sounds are heard in the supraclavicular, suprascapular,
and parasternal regions anteriorly and between the
scapulae posteriorly.
Adventitious Breath Sounds
• Crackles - Fine, discontinuous sounds (similar to the
sound of bubbles popping or the sound of hairs being
rubbed between your fingers next to your ear). Crackles,
which can be fine or coarse, are heard primarily during
inspiration as the result of secretions moving in the airways or in
closed airways that are rapidly reopening. The
former term for crackles was rales.
• Wheezes – continuous high- or low-pitched sounds or
sometimes musical tones heard during exhalation but
occasionally audible during inspiration. Bronchospasm
or secretions that narrow the lumen of the airways cause
wheezes. The term previously used for wheezes was
rhonchi
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YOU