PHILIPPINE CATTLE'S BLOOD USED

AS AN AIR ENTRAINING AGENT IN

CONCRETE MIX FOR OBTAINING A
LIGHTENED MATERIAL
ARAVES, VERNON BUTCH
MARIANO,JAMES MOSES
PEREGRINO,AARON
ANCIENT ROMAN STRUCTURES
ANIMAL BLOOD

• a known ingredient in concrete dating back to the

Ancient Romans
• discovered completely by accident that blood
mixed in actually produces more durable concrete
• reacts to form small air voids within the concrete
FREEZE-THAW
REACTION
FREEZE-THAW
DAMAGE
SLAUGHTERHOUSES
SLAUGHTERHOUSES
 SLAUGHTERHOUSES

• a potential reservoir of bacterial, viral, prion and

parasitic pathogens, capable of infecting both
animals and humans
SLAUGHTERHOUSE
WASTES
SLAUGHTERHOUSE
WASTES
 SLAUGHTERHOUSE
WASTE DISPOSAL
• Composting
• Anaerobic Digestion (AD)
• Alkaline Hydrolysis (AH)
• Rendering
• Incineration
• Burning
 LIGHT COLLOIDAL
CONCRETE
• is defined as construction material obtained by
simultaneously mixing an air entraining agent, a
colloid, cement, water and possibly sand and filler,
and which is a type of aerated concrete which
differs from foamed concrete by its composition
 CATTLE’S BLOOD

• the red blood corpuscles and the hemoglobin have

the sought-after air entraining properties
• for economical reasons, whole blood or an extract
of blood which is rich in red blood corpuscles or
hemoglobin may preferably be used
• blood are advantageously brought into powder
form either by drying, freeze drying or by applying
any other method known per se.
 USE OF BLOOD
• Thousands of years ago, people used oils, animal
fats or wax to treat the surface of natural stones,
bricks or put some animal blood in mortar to make
water repellent
• Few good books mention that Romans mixed blood
and fat in concrete
• Directly used it as cementing agent to stack one
brick upon anotheR
COLOSSEUM
 CITADELLE
LAFERRIÈRE
 USE OF BLOOD
• Blood that is mixed with the concrete, or mortar,
decomposes leaving behind small bubbles and air
pockets which have the effect of making the mix
more durable
 SPECIALIZED
MANAGEMENT
 SUPPLY
• Cattle can live normally in a tropical country like
Philippines
• easier to have a supply of its blood
• Slaughterhouse was the best place to get it since it
is a large-volume-by-product of the meat industry
• The slaughterhouse had to be equipped with a
specialized water supply system to effectively clean
the operating area of blood