BONE GROWTH

CONTENTS
• INTRODUCTION TO BONE
• CLASSIFICATION
• BONE MODELING AND REMODELING
• Bone physiology
• Specific assessment methodology
• Mineralised sections

• Polarised light

• Fluroscent labels • Microcomputed tomography

• Microradiography

• Micro indentation
• autoradiography
• Backscatter imaging
• Nuclear volume morphometry
• Biochemical markers of bone turn over
• Cell kinetics

• Finite element modeling

• microelectrodes

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BONE TISSUE
Bone is a special mineralized connective tissue made up of an organic matrix of collagen
fibrils embedded in an amorphous substance with mineral crystals precipitated within the
matrix.

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▣ Based on texture of cross section

1)Compact Bone or Cortical Bone: the dense outer shell without cavities

2)Cancellous Bone or Trabecular Bone – sponge like with numerous cavities and located within the
medullary cavity

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 Based on the collagenous matrix arrangement

• Lamellar bone(secondary bone tissue)

• Mature bone with collagen fibres that are arranged in lamellae.
• Spongy bone-lamellae are parallel to each other.
• Compact bone- lamellae are concentrically organized.

• Woven bone(primary bone tissue)

• Immature bone
• Contains small amount of mineral substance and higher proportion of osteocytes

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▣ Based on maturity ▣ Based on developmental origin

▣ Immature bone(woven bone) ▣ Intramembranous bone(mesenchymal

▣ mature bone(lamellar bone) bone)---flat bones

▣ Intracartilagenous bone(endochondral

bone)—long bones

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 BONE MODELING AND REMODELING

Wolff’s Law as stated in 1892

“Every change in the form and function of bone or of their function

alone is followed by certain definite changes in their internal

architecture, and equally definite alteration in their external

conformation, in accordance with mathematical laws.”