INTRODUCTION TO DATABASE

MANAGEMENT SYSYTEM

Lecture 1

19BCS2CA | DBMS | LECTURE 1

 Assessing the Video Viewing

1. What is database?
2. What are the application of database?
3. A collection of related data is called___________________.
4. DBMS manages the interaction between __________ and
database.
a) Users
b) Clients
c) End Users
d) Stake Holders
Explanation: DBMS manages the interaction between the
end users and the database. End users are the final users
that interact with the database.

19BCS2CA | DBMS | LECTURE 1

 Why Study Databases?

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 Database Management System (DBMS)
 Collection of interrelated data
 Set of programs to access the data
 DBMS contains information about a
particular enterprise
 DBMS provides an environment that
is both convenient and efficient to use.

19BCS2CA | DBMS | LECTURE 1

 Database Applications
– Banking: transactions.
– Airlines: reservations, schedules
– Universities: registration, grades
– Sales: customers, products, purchases
– Online retailers: order tracking, customized
recommendations
– Manufacturing: production, inventory, orders, supply
chain
– Human resources: employee records, salaries, tax
deductions
• Databases can be very large.
• Databases touch all aspects of our lives
19BCS2CA | DBMS | LECTURE 1
 Question for Attendance

• What is the use of database?

• Why Study Database

• Few real time example for database

usage in life / college?

19BCS2CA | DBMS | LECTURE 1

 Purpose of Database Systems

• Application program examples

– Add new students, instructors, and courses
– Register students for courses, and generate
class rosters
– Assign grades to students, compute grade
point averages (GPA) and generate transcripts
• In the early days, database applications
were built directly on top of file systems

19BCS2CA | DBMS | LECTURE 1

 Purpose of Database Systems
• Data redundancy and inconsistency
– Multiple file formats, duplication of information in different
files
• Difficulty in accessing data
– Need to write a new program to carry out each new task
• Data isolation
– Multiple files and formats
• Integrity problems
– Integrity constraints (e.g., account balance > 0) become
“buried” in program code rather than being stated explicitly
– Hard to add new constraints or change existing ones
• Database systems offer solutions to all the above
problems
19BCS2CA | DBMS | LECTURE 1
 Questions for Attendance

1. Database is generally __________

a) System-centered
b) User-centered
c) Company-centered
d) Data-centered

19BCS2CA | DBMS | LECTURE 1

 Purpose of Database Systems

• Atomicity of updates
– Failures may leave database in an inconsistent state with
partial updates carried out
– Example: Transfer of funds from one account to another
should either complete or not happen at all
• Concurrent access by multiple users
– Concurrent access needed for performance
– Uncontrolled concurrent accesses can lead to
inconsistencies
• Example: Two people reading a balance (say 100) and updating it by
withdrawing money (say 50 each) at the same time
• Security problems
– Hard to provide user access to some, but not all, data

19BCS2CA | DBMS | LECTURE 1

 Mid Assessment

1.  DBMS is software.
a) True
b) False

Answer: a
Explanation: The statement is true.
DBMS stands for Database
Management System. It enables easy
creation and access of the database.
19BCS2CA | DBMS | LECTURE 1
 Mid Assessment

2.DBMS is a set of __________ to access the

data.
a) Codes
b) Programs
c) Information
d) Metadata

19BCS2CA | DBMS | LECTURE 1

 Mid Assessment

 3.DBMS provides a convenient and efficient

environment.
a) True
b) False

19BCS2CA | DBMS | LECTURE 1

 Mid Assessment

4.Which of the following is not involved in DBMS?

a) End Users
b) Data
c) Application Request
d) HTML

19BCS2CA | DBMS | LECTURE 1

 Next topic for Lect. 2

• View of data

19BCS2CA | DBMS | LECTURE 1