The First Voyage

Around the World

By: Antonio Pigafetta
Spanish search for Island
for the Indies
 European Explorations
• Molucas, Indonesian Maluku, also
known as Spice Islands, Indonesian
Islands of the Malay Archipelago,
lying between the islands of Celebes
to the west and New Guinea to the
east. The Philippines, the Philippine
Sea and the Pacific Ocean are to the
north; the Arafura Sea and the
Island of Timor are to the south.
 European Explorations
• Christopher Columbus (Italian) an
explorer that made four trips across
the Atlantic Ocean from Spain: In
1492, 1498 and 1502. He was
determined to find a direct water
route west from Europe to Asia , but
he never did. Instead, he
accidentally stumbled upon the
Americas. Though he did not really
“discover” the New World- millions
of people already lived there-his
journey marked the beginning of
centuries of transatlantic
 European Explorations
• The Portuguese nobleman Vasco Da
Gama (1460-1524) sailed from
Labon in 1947 on a mission to
reach India and open a sea
route from Europe to the East.
After sailing down the western coast
of Africa and rounding the Cape of
Good Hope, his expedition made
numerous stops in Africa before
reaching the trading post of Calicut,
India in May 1948.
 European Explorations
• Da Gama received a hero’s welcome
back in Portugal, and was sent on a
2nd expedition to India in 1502,
during which he brutally clashed
with Muslim traders in the region.
Two decades later, da Gama again
returned to India, this time as
Portuguese viceroy; he died there of
an Illness in late 1524.
European Exploration
Ferdinand Magellan (1480-1521)
• Born in Sabrosa, Portugal
• In search of fame and
fortune, Portuguese
explorer Ferdinand set out
from Spain in 1519 with a
fleet of five ships to
discover a western sea
route to the Spice Island.
• He discovered the Strait of
Magellan and became the
1st European to cross the
Pacific Ocean.
• Died: April 27, 1521 in
 Magellan Fleet’s
• Magellan commanded the lead ship
Trinidad and was accompanied by
four other ships; the San Antonio,
the Conception, the Victoria, and
the Santiago. The expedition would
prove long and arduous, and only
one ship, the Victoria, would return
home three years later, carrying a
mere 18 of fleet’s original crew of
270.
Antonio Pigafetta (c.1491-1531)
• Italian nobleman
• Accompanied Magellan in his
circumnavigation of the World
• Pigafetta’s travelogue is one of the
most primary source in the study of
pre-colonial Philippines
• His account is also a major reference
of events leading to Magellan’s
arrival in the Philippines.
Timeline of Magellan’s Expedition
• September 20, 1519, start of
Magellan’s expedition
• September 26, 1519, the Carany
island
• December 13, 1519, (Rio de
Janeiro bay)
• January 12, 1520, (Rio de Plata)
• March 31, 1520, Puerto San Julian,
Santiago ship wrecked during a
terrible storm
Timeline of Magellan’s
• October Expedition
21, 1520, (Strait of
Magellan) San Antonio ship turned
and fled across the Atlantic Ocean
back to Spain
• November 28, 1520, Cabo
Deseado
• March 6, 1521, Ladrones Island
• March 16, 1521, Homonhon
• March 28, 1521, Limawasa
• April 27, 1521, Mactan; Magellan
died in battle
• September 12, 1522
 Pacific Ocean
• They were the 1st known Europeans to
see the great ocean, which Magellan
named Mar Pacifico, the Pacific
Ocean, for its apparent peacefulness,
a stark contrast to the dangerous
waters of the strait from which he had
just emerged. In fact, extremely
rough waters are not uncommon in
the Pacific Ocean, where tsunami's,
typhoons and hurricanes have done
serious damage to the Pacific Islands
and Pacific Rim nations throughout
history.
 SAMAL
• 10 days after they reach Ladrones
Island, Pigafetta reported that they
reached what Pigafetta called the
Isle of Zamal (Samal) but Magellan
decided to land in another
uninhibited island for grate security
where they could rest for few days.
• March 18, nine men came to them
and showed joy and eagerness in
them.
 Homonhon
• The Fleet went Humunu island
(Homonhun) And there they found
what Pigafetta referred to as the
“Watering Place of Good Signs”.- It is
the first signs of gold in the Island.
• The named the island with the
nearby islands as the “archipelago
of St.Lazarus” then ,they left the
island.
• March 25th Pigafetta recounted that
they saw two ballanghai (balangay),
a long boat full of people in
Mazza/Mazaua.
• The Leader,who Pigafetta reffered to
as the king of the ballanghai
(balangay),sent his men to ship of
Magellan.
• The European this men and gave
them gifts.
• When the king of Balangay offered to
give Magellan's a bar of gold and
chest of ginger, Magellan decided.
• Magellan sent the interpreter to the
king and asked for money for the
needs of his ship and expressed that
he came into island as a friend and
not as an enemy.
• The king responded by giving
Magellan the need of provision of
food in chinawere. Magellan
exchanged gifts of robes in Turkish
Fashions, red cap, and gave the
people knives and mirrors.
• The King and Magellan then
expressed their desire to become
brothers.
• After few days, Magellan was
introduced to the King’s brother who
was also king of another island.
• They went to this island and
Pigafetta reported that they saw
mines of gold.
• The house of the 2nd king were made
of gold, even some parts of his ship.
• Pigafetta described the King as the
most handsome of all men that he
saw in this place.
• The king was named Raia Calambu,
king of Zuluan and Calagan (Butuan
and Caragua).
• The 1st king was Raia Siagu.
The
• OnFirst
MarchMass in the
31 , which
st
Philippines
happened to be
the Eastern Sunday, Magellan ordered
the chaplain to preside a Mass by the
shore. The King heard of this plan and
sent two dead pigs and attended the
Mass with the other King.
• After the Mass, Magellan ordered that
the cross, the nail, and the crown in
place.
• Magellan explained that this were
signs of his emperor, he was ordered
to plant it in the place that he would
reached.
The First Mass in the Philippines
• Magellan furthered explained that the
cross would be beneficial for their
people because once other Spaniards
saw this cross would not cause them
troubles, and any person might be
held captives by them would be
release.
• The King concurred and allowed for
the cross to be planted.
• After 7 days, Magellan and his men
decided to move and look for islands
where they could acquire more
supplies and provisions.
• They learned Island of the Cayen
(Leyte), Bohol, and Zzubu (Cebu)
and intend to go there.
• Raia Calambu offered to pilot them
in going to Cebu, the largest and
richest Islands.
 CEBU
• By April 7th, Magellan and his men
reached the port of Cebu.
• The King of Cebu, through
Magellan’s interpreter, demanded
that they pay tribute as it was
customary, but Magellan refused.
• Magellan said that he was a captain
of a great empire and that it would
not pay tribute to other kings.
 Blood Compact
• Magellan interpreter explained to
the King of Cebu that Magellan’s
king was the emperor of a great
empire and that would do them
better to make friends with them
than forge enmity.
• By next day, Magellan’s men and
the king of Cebu, together with
other principal men of Cebu, met in
an open space. There, the king
offered a bit of his blood and
demanded that Magellan do the
same.
 Blood Compact
• Magellan came face-to-face with Datu
Humabon, whom most accounts
described as short and brown-skinned,
his brood face having high cheekbones
and a flat nose, and his arms tattooed
with purple and red geometric patterns
that extended to his torso. He wore a
yellow silk turban, a scarf embroidered
with a needle about his head, and
loincloth. A necklace of large pearls
hung fro his neck, two large gold
earrings with precious gem bedecked
his ears, and gold rings girded his thick
• On the 14th of April, the people gathered with the king
and the other principal men of the islands. Magellan
spoke to the king and encouraged him to be a good
Christian by burning all of the idols and worship the cross
instead.
• Humabon along with his wives, relatives, courtiers, and
practically the entire populace of Cebu was baptized by
Father Pedro Valderama. He was named Carlos, in
honor of the King of Charles 1 of Spain, while his
principal wife was named Juana, after King Charles’
mother, Johanna. Magellan also gave her an image of
the child Jesus as a gift (statue of the Sto. Nino) and
had a large cross, erected, to mark the baptismal site.
 Battle of Mactan

• On the 26th of April, Zula, a principalia man from the

island of Matan (Mactan) went to see Magellan and asked
him for boat full of men so that he wound be able to fight
the chief named Silapulapu (Lapulapu).
• According to Zulu, refused to obey the king and was also
preventing him from doing so.
Magellan died in the Battle
• Magellan offered three boats instead and expressed his
desired to go to Mactan himself to fight the said chief.
Magellan Forces arrived to Mactan in daylight, the battle
began.
• Magellan was pierced with a poisoned arrows. Aimed in his
right leg. Magellan was specifically targeted because the
natives new that he was the capatain general. One native with
a great sword delivered a blow in Magellan’s left leg, brought
him face down and the natives ceaselessly attacked Magellan
with lances, swords, and even with their bare hands.
Juan Sebastian Elcano
• Juan Sebastián Elcano (1487–
August 4, 1526) was a Spanish
(Basque) sailor, navigator, and
explorer best remembered for
leading the second half of the first
round-the-world navigation,
having taken over after the death
of Ferdinand Magellan. Upon his
return to Spain, the King presented
him with a coat of arms that
contained a globe and the phrase:
“You Went Around Me First.”
Spain sends other Expedition
• After the Spain had celebrated Elcano’s retuen, King
Charles 1 decided that Spain should conquer the
Philippines. Five subsequet expeditions were then sent to
the Islands. These were led by Garcia Jofre Loaisa
(1525), Sebatian Cabot (15260, Alvaro de Saavedra
(1527), Rudy Lopez de Villalobos (1542) and Miguel
Lopez de Legazpi (1564). Only the last two actually
reached the Philippines; and only Legazpi succeeded in
colonizing the islands.
 Ruy Lopez de Villalobos
• Ruy Lopez de Villalobos set sail for the Philippines from
Navidad, Mexico on November 1, 1542. he followed the
route taken by Magellan and reached Mindanao on
February 2, 1543. he established colony in Saragani but
could not stay long because of insufficient food supply.
His fleet left the island and landed on Tidore in the
Moluccas where they were captured by the Portuguese.
• Villalobos is remebered for naming our country “Islas
Filipinas”, in honor of King Charles’ son, Prince Philip,
who later became king of Spain.
The Legazpi Expedition
Miguel Lopez de Legazpi
Miguel Lopez de Legazpi
• Miguel López de Legazpi also known as
El Adelantado and El Viejo (The Elder),
was a Basque-Spanish navigator and
governor who established the first
Spanish settlement in the East Indies
when his expedition crossed the Pacific
Ocean from the Viceroyalty of New
Spain in modern-day Mexico, arrived in
Cebu of the Philippine Islands, 1565.
• He was the first Governor-General of
Spanish East Indies which included the
Philippines and other Pacific
archipelagos, namely Guam and the
Marianas Islands. After obtaining peace
with various indigenous nations and
kingdoms, Miguel López de Legazpi
made Manila the capital of the Spanish
East Indies in 1571. The capital of the
province of Albay in the Philippines,
Legazpi City bears his name.
 The Legazpi Expedition
Miguel Lopez de Legazpi
• In 1564, López de Legazpi was commissioned by the viceroy, Luis de Velasco, to
lead an expedition in the Pacific Ocean, to find the Spice Islands where the
earlier explorers Ferdinand Magellan and Ruy López de Villalobos had landed in
1521 and 1543, respectively. The expedition was ordered by King Philip II of
Spain, after whom the Philippines had earlier been named by Ruy López de
Villalobos. The viceroy died in July 1564, but the Audiencia and López de
Legazpi completed the preparations for the expedition.
• On November 19 or 20, 1564, five ships and 500 soldiers, sailed from the port of
Barra de Navidad, New Spain, in what is now Jalisco state, Mexico (other
sources give the date as November 1, 1564, and mention 'four ships and 380
men'). Members of the expedition included six Augustinian missionaries, in
addition to Fr. Andrés de Urdaneta, who served as navigator and spiritual adviser,
[2] Melchor de Legazpi (son of Adelanto de Legazpi), Felipe de Salcedo
(grandson of Miguel Lopez de Legazpi), and Guido de Lavezarez (a survivor of
the expedition of Ferdinand Magellan).
 The Legazpi Expedition
Miguel Lopez de Legazpi
• Arrival in the Philippines. A chief of Bohol island, named
Catuna gav e information to Miguel Lopez of Sebu and, a
ccompanied Lopez as a guide. López de Legazpi's
expedition anchored off t he Indianized Rajahnate of
Cebu on February 13, 1565, but did not put ashore due to
oppo sition from natives.
End