FACTORS THAT

AFFECTS THE
DIFFERENT
METABOLIC
PROCESSES
Homeostasis
• the state of
balance that best
illustrated by our
near constant
body temperature
that persist even
in a wide range of
circumstances.
Metabolic pathway
• it is where enzymes react
with a molecule and then
pass it off to another
enzyme for the next
reaction. This all happens
in strings of chemical
reactions.
Catabolism

•it begins inside the cell,

once the large molecules
like carbohydrates, fats
and proteins get broken
down further into their
building blocks.
Anabolism
• uses many of the same
enzymes and metabolic
pathways that catabolism
does. Scientists understand
metabolism as the sum of the
processes of breaking down,
known as “catabolism,” and of
building up, “anabolism,” that
sustain life.
 Metabolism
• Involves a set of
processes that all
living things use to
maintain bodies.
Metabolism is
influenced by a
variety of factors,
including age, genes,
stress levels, sleep,
and exercise.
 •Catabolism and
Anabolism,
Explained
.
Digestion is the important first step
that takes you from chewing your
food to absorbing valuable molecules
in the intestines. Catabolism begins
inside the cell, once the large
molecules (also called
macromolecules) like carbohydrates,
fats and proteins — the basic
components of a piece of food — get
broken down further into their
building blocks. Those are called
monomers and they include fatty
acids, amino acids, nucleotides, and
monosaccharides.
• Understanding anabolism and catabolism can help you
train more effectively to lose fat and gain muscle. Rest is
also a part of the equation. Your metabolism is at work
even when you’re sleeping.
•Hormones involved in
catabolism and
anabolism
•Your hormones play an
important role in these
processes. Different
hormones in the body
are associated with
either anabolism and
catabolism.
 Anabolism
involves the hormones:
Estrogen
Growth
Hormon
e
Insulin
Testosteron
e
 Catabolism
involves the hormones:
 Adrenaline
• a hormone secreted by the
adrenal glands, especially in
conditions of stress,
increasing rates of blood
circulation, breathing, and
carbohydrate metabolism and
preparing muscles for
exertion.
• "performing live really gets
your adrenaline going"
Cortisol
• Think of cortisol as nature’s
built-in alarm system. It’s your
body’s main stress hormone. It
works with certain parts of your 
brain to control your mood,
motivation, and fear.
• Your adrenal glands -- triangle-
shaped organs at the top of
your kidneys -- make cortisol.
• It’s best known for helping fuel
your body’s “fight-or-flight”
instinct in a crisis, but cortisol
plays an important role in a
number of things your body does
Cytokines
• any of a number of
substances, such as
interferon, interleukin,
and growth factors,
which are secreted by
certain cells of the
immune system and have
an effect on other cells.
glucagon
Glucagon
•a hormone formed in
the pancreas which
promotes the
breakdown of
glycogen to glucose
in the liver.
• Any disruption to your hormones, like thyroid
conditions, may also affect these processes and
your overall metabolism. For example, a small
study on bodybuilders examined their hormonal
anabolic-catabolic balance as they prepared for
competition. Some of the men continued
training and eating as usual, while others were
energy-restricted to reduce their body fat.
 How catabolism and anabolism
affect body weight?

• Since anabolism and catabolism are parts of

your metabolism, these processes affect
your body weight. Remember: When you’re in
an anabolic state, you’re building and
maintaining your muscle mass. When you’re
in a catabolic state, you’re breaking down
or losing overall mass, both fat and
muscle.
How Does Metabolism Affect
Your Health?

• Remarkably, the body will make do with a variety of

circumstances and still find a way to function well, but giving
it the wrong amount of inputs — or the wrong ingredients
altogether — puts stress on metabolic pathways. Let’s say you
eat a bowl of sugar at every meal. The body will create energy
efficiently in the form of ATP if it needs that energy. If not, it
can re-route the base molecules of the car.
Factors that
Affect your
Metabolism
1. Age. As you get older, your metabolic rate generally slows. This is because of a loss of
muscle tissue and changes to hormonal and neurological processes. During development
children go through periods of growth with extreme rates of metabolism.

2. Body size. Those with bigger bodies have a larger BMR because they have larger organs
and fluid volume to maintain.

3. Genetics. Some families have faster BMR than others with some genetic disorders also
affecting metabolism.

4. Drugs. Caffeine and nicotine can increase your BMR whilst medications such as
antidepressants and steroids increase weight gain regardless of what you eat.

5. Diet. Food changes your metabolism. What and how you eat has a big influence on your
BMR.
• This list shows us that some things
you can change to alter your BMR and
some things you can’t. The good news
is that you can do plenty to alter
the balance.
•Chiropractic principles tell us that working to create a body that
works well without interference will powerfully affect health.
The food, exercise and activity choices that we make can also
increase BMR and reduce interference to the nervous system
allowing your body to thrive. A win-win situation.