INDUSTRIAL PROCESS

CONTROL:
STANDARDS
Nikhilbinoy.C
Assistant Professor, ICE Department, N.S.S. College of
Engineering, Palakkad.
Purpose
 To establish a uniform mean of
designating instruments and
instrumentation systems used for
measurement and control.
Scope
1) General
 The procedural needs of various users are
different. The standard recognizes these
needs, when they are consistent with the
objectives of the standardly by providing
alternative symbolism methods.
 A number of examples are provided for
adding information or simplifying the
symbolism as desired.
Scope
2) Application to Industries
 Chemical.
 Petroleum.
 Power generation.
 Air conditioning.
 Metal refining.
Scope
3) Application to Work Activities
 Design sketches.
 Teaching examples.
 Technical papers, literatures, and discussions.
 Instrumentation system diagrams, loop diagrams, logic
diagrams.
 Functional descriptions.
 Flow diagrams:
 Process.
 Mechanical.
 Engineering.
 Systems piping (process) and instrumentation.
 Construction drawings.
 Specifications, purchase orders, manifests, and other lists.
Identification of the
System
  Each instrument may be
represented on diagrams
by symbols.
FV10
1  Instrument or function to
be identified is
designated by an
alphanumeric code or
tag number.
 The symbols may be
accompanied by a tag
number.
Identification of the System
(Tag Number)

TIC10
3
Instrument Identification or tag number
Identification of the System
(Tag Number)

TIC10
3
Loop identification
Identification of the System
(Tag Number)

TIC10
3
Loop number
First number is used to identify the loop.

The succeeding numbers is the serial

number of the instrument in a particular loop.
Identification of the System
(Tag Number)

TIC10
3
Function Identification
Function of the instrument is identified.
Identification of the System
(Tag Number)

TIC10
First letter
3
Identifying the measured or initiating variable.

 May have a modifier is intended to represent a

new and separate measured variable.
Identification of the System
(Tag Number)

TIC10
3
Succeeding letters
Identifying the function performed.

Second letter is used for the readout or passive function.

Third letter is used for the output function.

The succeeding letters may have a modifier to identify a

separate function.
Function Identification
 First Letter Succeeding Letter
Measured Modifier Read out Output Modifier
or or Passive Function
Initiating Function
Variable
A Analysis Alarm
B Burner User’s User’s User’s
choice choice choice
C User’s Control
choice
D User’s Differential
choice
E Voltage Sensor
F Flow rate Ratio
G User’s Glass
choice
H Hand High
I Current Indicator
J Power Scan
K Time Time rate Control
 First Letter Succeeding Letter
Measured Modifier Read out Output Modifier
or or Passive Function
Initiating Function
Variable
N User’s User’s User’s User’s
choice choice choice choice
O User’s Orifice
choice
P Pressure Point
Q Quantity Integrate
R Radiation Record
S Speed Safety Switch
T Temperatu Transmit
re
U Multivariab Multifuncti Multifuncti Multifuncti
le on on on
V Vibration Valve,
damper
W Weight, Well
Symbols
The symbols are intended to depict
instrumentation on diagram and
drawing.
Instrument Line Symbols
AS
IA
PA
ES
GS
HS
NS
SS
WS Instrument supply or connection
to process
Air Supply
Instrument
Plant
Electric
Gas
Hydraulic
Nitrogen
Steam
Water Air
Supply
Supply
Supply
Supply
Supply
Air The supply level may be
Undefined Signals
supply added to the instrument
Pneumatic signal supply line.
E.g:- AS-100; ES-24DC
Electric Signal

Hydraulic Signal

Capillary Tube

Internal system link (s/w or data

link)
Mechanical link

Electric binary Signal

 General Instrument or
Function Symbols
Primary Location Auxiliary Location
Normally Normally
Field Mounted
Accessible to Accessible to
Operator Operator

Discrete IP1
Instruments

Shared
Display
Abbreviations of the user’s choice such
as IP1 (Instrument Panel 1), IC2
Computer (Instrument
Symbol SizeConsole
may vary2),according
CC3 (Computer
to the
Function user’s
Consoleneeds
3), etc.
andmay
the be
type
used
of document.
when it is
necessary to specify instrument or
Programma function location.
ble Logic
Control
 General Instrument or
Function Symbols
Primary Location Auxiliary Location
Normally Normally
Field Mounted
Accessible to Accessible to
Operator Operator

Discrete
Instruments

Shared
Display

Computer
Function

Programma
ble Logic
Control
 General Instrument or
Function Symbols
Primary Location Auxiliary Location
Normally Normally
Field Mounted
Accessible to Accessible to
Operator Operator

Discrete
Instruments Normally in
accessible, or
behind-the-panel
Shared devices or
Display functions may be
depicted by
using the same
Computer symbol but with
Function dashed
horizontal bars.
Programma
ble Logic
Control
 General Instrument or
Function Symbols
Primary Location Auxiliary Location
Normally In- Normally In-
Field Mounted
accessible to accessible to
Operator Operator

Discrete
Instruments

Shared
Display

Computer
Function

Programma
ble Logic
Control
Control Valve Body Symbols
General Symbol Three Way Valve

Angle
Four Way Valve

Butterfly Globe Valve

Rotary Valve Diaphragm Valve

Actuator Symbols

Diaphragm, spring opposed or unspecified

actuator

Diaphragm pressure balanced

M Rotary motor (shown typically with electric

signal may be hydraulic or pneumatic)
Actuator Symbols

D Digital

Spring opposed single acting

Double acting
Actuator Symbols

S Solenoid

E/H Electrohydraulic

I/P
T
Valve actuator with attached electro
Y
pneumatic converter
Actuator Symbols

For pressure relief or safety valve only

Hand actuator or hand wheel

 Symbols for Self Actuated
Regulators, Valves and Other
Devices
FIC Automatic regulator with integral
V flow indication

Indicating variable area meter

FI with integral manual throttle
valve
Upstream Downstre
alternativ am
e alternativ
e
Restriction orifice (orifice plate,
capillary tube, or multistage type,
etc.) in process line
FO
Symbols for Self Actuated
Regulators, Valves and Other
Devices
Restriction orifice drilled in valve
(instrument tag number may be
omitted if valve is otherwise
FO
identified

Flow slight glass, plain or with

FG paddle wheel, flapper etc.

Flow straightening vane (use of

tag number is optional. The loop
FX number may be the same as that
of the associated primary
element)
 Symbols for Self Actuated
Regulators, Valves and Other
Devices
Hand control valve in process line

H
V

Hand actuated on-off switching

HS valve in pneumatic signal line
002

LC
V
Tank Level regulator with mechanical
linkage
 Symbols for Self Actuated
Regulators, Valves and Other
Devices
PCV Pressure reducing regulator, self
contained with hand wheel
adjustable set point

PCV Pressure reducing regulator with

external pressure tap

PD
C Differential pressure reducing
regulator with internal and
external pressure taps
Symbols for Self Actuated
Regulators, Valves and Other
Devices
PCV Back pressure regulator, self
contained

PCV Back pressure regulator with

external pressure trap

Pressure reducing regulator with

internal outlet pressure relief
PD
C
valve, and optional pressure
indicator
Symbols for Self Actuated
Regulators, Valves and Other
Devices
PCV Pressure relief or safety valve,
general symbol

Pressure relief or safety valve,

straight through pattern, spring
or weight loaded, or with internal
pilot

Vacuum relief valve, general

PCV
symbol
 Symbols for Self Actuated
Regulators, Valves and Other
Devices
PCV Pressure and vacuum relief valve,
spring or weight loaded, or with
internal pilot
Vacuum Pressur
e
Symbols for Actuator Action in
Events of Actuator Power
Failure
Two way valve, fail open

Two way valve, fail closed

Three way valve, fail open

A B to path AC

C
Symbols for Actuator Action in
Events of Actuator Power
Failure
D Four way valve, fail open to
A B paths CB and DA

Any valve, fail locked

(position does not change)

Any valve, fail

indeterminate
Primary Element Symbols

AIT AIT Dual analysis indicating

001 002

One burner ultra-violet

BE BI flame detector connected
001 002 to analog type flame
intensity indicator
Primary Element Symbols
BE BE
001 002 Two burner flame rod
sensor connected to
BS
003 common switch

S TV Television camera and

BT
BG receiver to view burner
003 flame
Primary Element Symbols

Orifice plate with flange or

FI
corner taps connected to
00 differential pressure type
5
flow indicator

VC
Orifice plate with vena
contracta taps

FE
00
2
Primary Element Symbols

Orifice plate with vena

FT
contracta, radius, or pipe
00 taps connected to
8
differential pressure type
flow transmitter

Venturi tube
Primary Element Symbols

Variable area flow

FI indicator
017

Flow element with

FE
017 connection for controller

FC
018
Primary Element Symbols
FT
017 Flow element integral with
transmitter

Vortex sensor

FE
00
5
Primary Element Symbols
FE
029
Flow nozzle

Indicating wattmeter
JI connected to pump motor
001
Primary Element Symbols

Clock
KI
001

Time schedule controller,

analog type, or self
contained function
KC TIC generator
 Primary Element Symbols
VI
001
VI Mechanical analysis in
VXT VYT 006 three planes
002 003

VZT
VXI VYI 007
004 005

VZI
008
 Primary Element Symbols
1-
JI
0
001 Self contained on-off room
thermostat actuating
circulating pump motor

Cascade control: flow

SP controller set by level
LC FC
104 100 control

FT
 Primary Element Symbols

Differential temperature
TT TDI TT
indicator
101 103 102

FT FR
101 104 Flow ratio controller with
two pens to record flow
FFC
103

FT FR
102 105
Primary Element Symbols

FT
101 Flow ratio controller with
FFC one pen to record flow
103 ratio
FT
101

Mass flow computation performed

by mass-flow computing relay
‘FY’ having linear inputs for
GS
pressure and temperature and a
FT PT TT non-linear input for flow
101 201 117
Mass
Flow
FY FIC
111
Primary Element Symbols

Flow transmitter with

external temperature
TT compensator
300

FT
FY
400

TRC Pressure balanced valve

302
 Primary Element Symbols
TSL PSH TSL PSH
301 501 301 501

M
FY M

FIC
404 FIC
404

Flow control loop that may be blocked by interlock actuated by either

low temperature or high pressure
Heat Transfer Elements

Water cooled exchanger

Water cooled condenser

Shell and tube exchanger

Pumps and Compressors

Centrifugal Reciprocating

Rotary Blower or fan

Process Pressure Vessels

or Horizontal drums

or Vertical drums
Thank You