DEMOLITION

and
EXPLOSIVES
Rev.2

By: Eng’r. Edwin D. Villanueva

 CONTENTS
DEFINITIONS
PROPER PLANNING
DEMOLITION
o Techniques, Methods, Standards and Hazards
EXPLOSIVES
o Competent Personnel & Licensing
o Precautions
o Safety During: Transport, Storage, Use & After
Blasting
 DEFINITIONS
DEMOLITION:
o Complete or partial dismantling of a building or
structure by pre-planned or controlled methods or
procedures
EXPLOSIVES:
o Material that either is chemically or otherwise
energetically unstable or which produces a sudden
expansion that is accompanied by the production of
heat and large changes in pressure (and typically also
a flash and/or loud noise) upon initiation (called the
explosion)
 DEFINITIONS
CLASSIFICATION OF EXPLOSIVES:
o According to their rates of DECOMPOSITION :
o LOW or HIGH explosives
RAPID FORMS OF DECOMPOSITION:
o DEFLAGRATION and DETONATION
o Low explosives burn rapidly (or deflagrate)
o High explosives undergo detonations.
 EXPLOSION
An explosion is:
a sudden increase in volume and
release of energy in an extreme manner,
usually with the generation of high
temperatures and
the release of gases.
An explosion creates a shock wave.
 SAFE DEMOLITION REQUIRES
ADEQUATE PLANNING

WHY PLAN?
To Identify the Hazards
To Meet Legislative Requirements
To Ensure Appropriate Equipment
To Ensure Safe Disposal of Materials
To Determine Appropriate Methods of Demolition
To Determine Cost of Demolition
 SAFE DEMOLITION REQUIRES
ADEQUATE PLANNING
KEY AREAS FOR PLANNING
Type of Construction
Type of Structure (Height, Use, etc.)
State of the Structure
Structural Hazards
Presence of Hazardous Substances
The Location of Services
General Conditions of Adjoining Structures
Means of Access and Egress
Suitability of the Site for Equipment
DEMOLITION TECHNIQUES

SEQUENTIAL – gradual reduction of

height in reverse order to its
construction
INDUCED – key structural members
are weakened or removed, causing
the whole part of the structure to
collapse
METHODS OF DEMOLITION

MANUAL – use of hand held tools

MECHANICAL – use of heavy
equipment, wires and chain, power
shear, etc.
EXPLOSIVES – use of explosives
 RULE 1417 - 1418:
DEMOLITION
1. Structures over 6m high must be under the supervision of
a competent person
2. The area is strictly for demolition workers only
(Demolition area - w/in a distance equal to 1.5 x H of
structure)
3. If the above distance is not possible, the structure shall
be fenced all around
4. Danger signs must be posted around the structure
5. All electrical services must be ensured to have been cut-
off
 RULE 1417 - 1418:
DEMOLITION (cont.)

7. Demolition should proceed storey by storey, in a

descending order; work on the upper floors should be
completely over before removing the supporting members
on the lower floor
8. No part of the structure shall be overloaded w/ debris or
any other material
9. Stairs (including all railings), passageways & ladders
must be demolished last
 HAZARDS ASSOCIATED
WITH DEMOLITION
Falls (thru roofs, openings, edges, etc.)
Being Hit/Trapped/Crushed by Objects
Manual Handling (lifting, cleaning, clearing, etc.)
Hazardous Substances and Dangerous Goods
Noise and Vibration (demolition equipment)
Electric Shock (temporary electrics)
Fires and Explosions (gas leaks, flammables, etc.)
Equipment (electric/pneumatic power, etc.)
 EXPLOSIVES
Must be under the supervision of a Competent Person
(licensed, certified, etc.)
Precautions from the following must be properly taken:
 Smoking, matches & open flames
 Radio Frequency for Electrical Detonators
Transport of Explosives
Vehicles shall have tight floors covered w/ wood
Explosives and blasting materials shall not be
transported together with other materials
 EXPLOSIVES
Storage
All explosives must be accounted for
Follow manufacturer’s instructions
Detonators should be stored in a separate
magazines/containers
Storage should be fire and bullet-resistant
Proper Use
Operation between Sunup & Sundown
Precaution on the use of mobile radio
transmitting equipment.
Suspension of operation during thunder storms
 EXPLOSIVES

After Blasting
Disconnect firing line from blasting machine
Allow dust and smoke to subside
Inspect if all charges have been exploded
THANK YOU!